| 1. |
- Lowden, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Eating and shift work : effects on habits, metabolism and performance
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 36:2, s. 150-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compared to individuals who work during the day, shift workers are at higher risk of a range of metabolic disorders and diseases (eg, obesity, cardiovascular disease, peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal problems, failure to control blood sugar levels, and metabolic syndrome). At least some of these complaints may be linked to the quality of the diet and irregular timing of eating, however other factors that affect metabolism are likely to play a part, including psychosocial stress, disrupted circadian rhythms, sleep debt, physical inactivity, and insufficient time for rest and revitalization. In this overview, we examine studies on food and nutrition among shift workers [ie, dietary assessment (designs, methods, variables) and the factors that might influence eating habits and metabolic parameters]. The discussion focuses on the quality of existing dietary assessment data, nutritional status parameters (particularly in obesity), the effect of circadian disruptions, and the possible implications for performance at work. We conclude with some dietary guidelines as a basis for managing the nutrition of shift workers.
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| 2. |
- Swenne, Christine Leo, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experiences of mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass graft procedure
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 41:4, s. 255-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have focussed on patients' experiences of and suffering due to mediastinitis following Coronary Artery by-pass Graft (CABG). Mediastinitis creates a complex and invasive experience for the patient with prolonged hospitalisation, and would be expected to be a significant stressor. The aim of the present study was to capture patients' experiences of the medical and nursing care they received for mediastinitis following CABG. Content analysis revealed three themes with regard to how the patients coped with the stress and threats of mediastinitis and its treatment and how they thought it would influence their future life. A first theme centred on physical and psychological discomfort and impact on autonomy. The staff's medical knowledge and the quality of nursing care as well as the patients' understanding of the situation influenced their experience. A second theme was how patients dealt with perceived danger and stress. Coping strategies such as problem solving, information seeking, dissociation, distraction, minimisation and expression of emotion were used to handle the situations. The third theme comprised the patients' belief that the mediastinitis would not affect the outcome of the CABG procedure, even though their confidence in this was influenced by uncertainty about the rehabilitation process.
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| 3. |
- Airey, John, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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On the Disciplinary Affordances of Semiotic Resources
- 2014
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Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. ; , s. 54-55, s. 54-55
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the late 70’s Gibson (1979) introduced the concept of affordance. Initially framed around the needs of an organism in its environment, over the years the term has been appropriated and debated at length by a number of researchers in various fields. Most famous, perhaps is the disagreement between Gibson and Norman (1988) about whether affordances are inherent properties of objects or are only present when they are perceived by an organism. More recently, affordance has been drawn on in the educational arena, particularly with respect to multimodality (see Linder (2013) for a recent example). Here, Kress et al. (2001) have claimed that different modes have different specialized affordances. Then, building on this idea, Airey and Linder (2009) suggested that there is a critical constellation of modes that students need to achieve fluency in before they can experience a concept in an appropriate disciplinary manner. Later, Airey (2009) nuanced this claim, shifting the focus from the modes themselves to a critical constellation of semiotic resources, thus acknowledging that different semiotic resources within a mode often have different affordances (e.g. two or more diagrams may form the critical constellation).In this theoretical paper the concept of disciplinary affordance (Fredlund et al., 2012) is suggested as a useful analytical tool for use in education. The concept makes a radical break with the views of both Gibson and Norman in that rather than focusing on the discernment of one individual, it refers to the disciplinary community as a whole. Put simply, the disciplinary affordances of a given semiotic resource are determined by those functions that the resource is expected to fulfil by the disciplinary community. Disciplinary affordances have thus been negotiated and developed within the discipline over time. As such, the question of whether these affordances are inherent or discerned becomes moot. Rather, from an educational perspective the issue is whether the meaning that a semiotic resource affords to an individual matches the disciplinary affordance assigned by the community. The power of the term for educational work is that learning can now be framed as coming to discern the disciplinary affordances of semiotic resources.In this paper we will briefly discuss the history of the term affordance, define the term disciplinary affordance and illustrate its usefulness in a number of educational settings.
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| 4. |
- Giusti, Matteo, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework to Assess Where and How Children Connect to Nature
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design of the green infrastructure in urban areas largely ignores how people's relation to nature, or human-nature connection (HNC), can be nurtured. One practical reason for this is the lack of a framework to guide the assessment of where people, and more importantly children, experience significant nature situations and establish nature routines. This paper develops such a framework. We employed a mixed-method approach to understand what qualities of nature situations connect children to nature (RQ1), what constitutes children's HNC (RQ2), and how significant nature situations and children's HNC relate to each other over time (RQ3). We first interviewed professionals in the field of connecting children to nature (N = 26), performed inductive thematic analysis of these interviews, and then further examined the inductive findings by surveying specialists (N = 275). We identified 16 qualities of significant nature situations (e.g., “awe,” “engagement of senses,” “involvement of mentors”) and 10 abilities that constitute children's HNC (e.g., “feeling comfortable in natural spaces,” “feeling attached to natural spaces,” “taking care of nature”). We elaborated three principles to answer our research questions: (1) significant nature situations are various and with differing consequences for children's HNC; (2) children's HNC is a complex embodied ability; (3) children's HNC progresses over time through diverse nature routines. Together, these findings form the Assessment framework for Children's Human Nature Situations (ACHUNAS). ACHUNAS is a comprehensive framework that outlines what to quantify or qualify when assessing “child-nature connecting” environments. It guides the assessment of where and how children connect to nature, stimulating both the design of nature-connecting human habitats as well as pedagogical approaches to HNC.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Lars Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Kritiskt tänkande
- 2007
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Lars Torsten, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Small business e-commerce development in Sweden : an empirical survey
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. - : Emerald. - 1462-6004 .- 1758-7840. ; 15:3, s. 555-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to empirically explore small business e-commerce development and usage of the emerging ICT-infrastructure for e-commerce in Sweden. For more than a decade firms in countries with appropriate infrastructures in place have generally been able to exploit internet technologies for business purposes.Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents the results from a telephone survey on Swedish small businesses. The 160 firms surveyed were independent manufacturing firms in Sweden with a number of employees ranging from ten to 50 and a turnover not surpassing e 10 million. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS.Findings: The paper presents empirical data on e-commerce development among small businesses in Sweden. The study shows that a significant share of the studied firms have adopted internet technologies, but also that more than 70 per cent of the small businesses in the study have more than five years of experience of e-commerce. The study finds that small businesses in Sweden show remarkably high levels of e-commerce adoption. The study shows strong penetration of web site and e-mail use among small businesses in Sweden, but also that advanced applications are still not broadly applied.Originality/value: Statistics presented by the OECD have recurrently shown that the Scandinavian countries are in the lead as regards building an ICT infrastructure. Sweden’s leading position in ICT has been confirmed by several studies. Because of scarce resources and lack of knowledge, small businesses are generally known to be lagging in terms of ICT use. This study empirically explores small business e-commerce development in Sweden and contributes to the stream of research aiming at benchmarking e-commerce development
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| 7. |
- Gill, Peter Edward, et al.
(författare)
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On using concept-maps to study school-children's understanding of leisure-time
- 2008
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Ingår i: Leisure Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0261-4367 .- 1466-4496. ; 27:2, s. 213-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In striving to organise learning experiences it is important to understand how children perceive and relate to the learning environments they are presented and confronted with. It is important therefore to study how children perceive the notion of 'leisure' as an abstract concept. An example of how concept-mapping can be used to study children's conception of 'leisure-time' is presented. Forty-three Swedish 5th (n = 18) and 9th (n = 25) class children (average ages: 12 and 16) were presented with otherwise blank A4 pages with the root concept 'leisure-time' encircled and were asked to draw a spontaneous concept-map. For a sub-sample (quasi-experimental design) some additional concept-nodes, based on research findings (levels of location practice), were indicated in their maps. How maps may be analysed using numerical and content analysis, and ranges of hierarchical organisation of descriptive terms is described. About 1000 concepts (with repetitions) were inscribed. On the basis of one map per subject, numerical analysis was used to search for differences in width, depth and hierarchical structure (no age-group (school class) or gender differences were found). Content analysis was used to show how deep gender differences in conceptualisations could lie hidden behind statistical similarities. It is concluded that concept-maps may be used successfully to study abstract concepts such as of children's notions of leisure.
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| 8. |
- Lassen, Anne Dahl, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of worksite interventions promoting healthier food and/or physical activity habits among employees working 'around the clock' hours : a systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Food & Nutrition Research. - : SNF Swedish Nutrition Foundation. - 1654-6628 .- 1654-661X. ; 62
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a systematic review of randomised studies on the impact of worksite interventions to promote healthier food and/or physical activity among people who work irregular hours 'around the clock', that is, outside of ordinary daytime working hours. The population-intervention-comparator-outcomes-study (PICOS) design format was used. Data sources were PubMed and CINAHL. An updated search was conducted on October 2017 using Google Scholar and the related articles function in PubMed on initially included studies to identify additional studies. Risk of bias was used to assess study quality. A total of seven studies (reports published in 14 papers) were included in the systematic review: Two interventions with a broader lifestyle approach, three focusing on physical exercise and two on providing healthier food or meal options. The studies had sample sizes from 30 to 1,000 and targeted a mixture of occupations, including both male- and female-dominated occupational groups. The interventions lasted from 2 to 12 months. Only one had an extended follow-up. In general, the studies showed small-to-moderate effect sizes on several measures, including dietary and/or physical activity measures, suggesting acceptable effectiveness for interventions involving community-level behaviour change. Our findings highlight a need to further develop and implement well-designed health promotion interventions with comparable outcome measures and effect size reports. A mixture of health promotion strategies is recommended for future practice in this target population, including individually tailored programmes, improving the food and physical activity environment and using broader lifestyle approaches including the use of participatory and empowerment strategies. While more research is needed in this field, the existing knowledge base on effective approaches awaits translation into practice.
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| 9. |
- Lennernäs, Maria, 1956-
(författare)
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Att äta är en fråga om tajmning : klinisk översikt
- 2010
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 107:36, s. 2084-2095
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dygnsrytm, hunger, törst, mättnad, temperatur, sexlust, blodsockermobilisering, substratutnyttjande och energiomsättning styrs från kärnor i hypotalamus.Dygnsrytmen styr beteende och fysiologiska processer till rätt tidpunkt för att hushålla med kroppens resurser. Vävnader och organ ska inte belastas kontinuerligt eller oväntat.Nattätande och dagsömn desynkroniserar dygnsrytmen.Åldersförändringar i hypotalamus orsakar aptitbortfall, tidsdesorientering, uttorkning och sömnstörningar hos äldre, som kan behöva äta frekvent och ha kortare nattfasta.Dygns- och måltidsrytmen bör utredas vid metabola störningar och fetma.Vid anorexi, bulimi, typ 2-diabetes, sängvätning och senil demens bör dygnsrytmens prestanda utredas – testa kronoterapi.
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| 10. |
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