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Sökning: swepub > Karlstads universitet > Göteborgs universitet

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1.
  • Henoch, Ingela, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Perception of quality of care : Comparison of the views of patients' with lung cancer and their family members
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 21:3-4, s. 585-594
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims and objectives. To explore potential differences within dyads of patients with lung cancer and family members judgment of different aspects of quality of care and relationships between quality of care and personal and health-related characteristics. Background. High quality of care is important for acceptable quality of life in patients in palliative care. If patients are unable to participate in quality of care assessments or decision-making, family members might often act as proxies, despite the complicated nature of their own situation. Design. Cross-sectional survey design. Method. A patient and family member version of the abbreviated questionnaire Quality from Patients' Perspective, with additional items about perceived health and opinions about care, was mailed to members of the Swedish lung cancer Patient Organisation. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to identify potential differences within 51 patient-family member dyads' quality of care ratings. Relationships between Quality from Patients' Perspective dimensions and demographic and healthrelated variables were examined with Spearman's correlations. Results. Patient-family member dyads had high levels of agreement in ratings of perceived reality of quality of care. Family members generally rated the subjective importance of individual items higher than did the patient in the dyad, with significant difference in the dimension ` socio-cultural approach'. Older patients were found to rate the physical-technical conditions higher than younger patients, in relation to perceived reality but not subjective importance. Women family members were found to rate the subjective importance of medical-technical competence, identity-oriented approach and socio-cultural approach significantly higher than men did. Conclusions. Patients with lung cancer and their family members agree in ratings of the perceived reality, but they differ more in ratings of the subjective importance of quality of care. When patients are unable to communicate their preferences, family members' opinions could be used as proxies concerning concrete aspects of quality of care. Concerning more subjective aspects, family members' ratings should be interpreted with precaution, as it could diverge from patients' own opinion. Relevance to clinical practice. The perceptions of the importance of different aspects of quality of care were less related to health status than were judgments of quality of care received. This might suggest that the care patients received fulfilled neither the patients' nor family members' expectations, which is an important message to healthcare professionals and which would demand further exploration.
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2.
  • Persson, Jessica, et al. (författare)
  • Oral Care Cards as a Support in Daily Oral Care of Frail Older Adults: Experiences and Perceptions of Professionals in Nursing and Dental Care-A Qualitative Study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601 .- 1661-7827. ; 19:15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Frail older adults often have poor oral health. In Sweden, oral care cards are designed to be used as an interprofessional tool for documenting the oral health status of older adults with extensive care needs and to describe oral care recommendations. The aim of this study was to explore nursing and dental professionals' experiences and perceptions of oral care cards. Nursing and dental care staff were interviewed in groups or individually. The recorded data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A theme emerged: Navigating an oral care responsibility that is not anchored in the nursing and dental care context. The theme was elucidated in three categories: "Accessibility and usefulness", "Coordination between nursing and dental care", and "Ethical approach". The participants perceived a lack of surrounding frameworks and collaboration concerning oral care and the use of oral care cards. An oral care card could ideally facilitate interprofessional and person-centered oral care. However, oral health does not seem to have found its place in the nursing care context. Further research is needed to investigate how oral care cards ought to be developed and designed to support oral health care work.
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3.
  • Franck, Olof, 1958, et al. (författare)
  • Editorial Nordidactica 2018:2
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : CSD Karlstad. - 2000-9879. ; :2018:2, s. i-ii
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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5.
  • Hellqvist, Lena, 1960-, et al. (författare)
  • Tobacco use in relation to socioeconomic factors and dental care habits among Swedish individuals 15-70 years of age, 1983-2003.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5037 .- 1601-5029. ; 7:1, s. 62-70
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the use of tobacco and changes in its use over time among individuals living in Jönköping, Sweden, and to analyse tobacco habits in relation to socioeconomic conditions, personality aspects and dental care habits. METHODS: This study comprised three epidemiological cross-sectional studies, involving a random selection of individuals aged between 15 and 70 years, and was conducted in 1983, 1993 and 2003. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. RESULTS: The results revealed a statistically significant reduction from 34% tobacco users in 1983 to 27% in 1993 and 28% in 2003. The main decrease was seen among smokers. At the same time, the number of users of snuff increased in all the age groups between 20 and 60 years of age. The use of tobacco was therefore largely unchanged in 1993 and 2003. In 2003, there was a statistically significant difference between users and non-tobacco users when it came to the frequency of dental visits; more tobacco users than non-tobacco users did not visit a dentist at all or did not visit a dentist regularly. In 1993, non-tobacco users brushed their teeth more frequently than tobacco users and this difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: During the 20-year study, there was a reduction in the number of smokers and an increase in the number of snuff users. There was a difference between tobacco users and non-tobacco users when it came to the frequency of dental visits and oral hygiene habits.
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6.
  • Delbro, Dick, et al. (författare)
  • Induction and cellular expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase during dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis in rats
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 132:6, s. 599-612
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to investigate thecellular and molecular expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) as a marker of activated macrophages in macrophage dependent dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. In normal colon, TRAP+/CX3CR1+ macrophages were located in the upper part of the lamina propria. In the early stage (day 13) of acute colitis prior tohistopathological changes, induction of the cytokinesTNF, IL-12 and IFNgamma occurred concomitant withincreased mRNA and enzyme activity of TRAP along witha slight increase of TRAP immunolabelling in macrophages of the upper lamina propria, suggesting induction of TRAP in resident macrophages. Among these cytokines,TNFalpha up-regulated TRAP expression in the RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cell line. In a later phase (day 7) with fulminant colitis, a massive infiltration of macrophages including recruited TRAP+/CCR2+ cells was observed also in the lower part of the lamina propria as well as in the submuscular layer. Additionally, diVerentiated cellularexpression of pro- and mature TRAP also suggest thatmucosal macrophages in the lower part of lamina propriabordering the sub-mucosa provide a source of replenishment of macrophages situated in the upper lamina propria.In conclusion, induction of TRAP provides an early sign of macrophage responsiveness in DSS induced colitis
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7.
  • Östberg, Anna-Lena, et al. (författare)
  • Oral impacts on daily performances: associations with self-reported general health and medication.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; , s. 1-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of general diseases and medication on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a Swedish adult population using the Swedish version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP). Material and methods. A three-site sample of 200 adults (20-86 years; participation rate 70%) was interviewed using the OIDP, and a medical anamnesis was performed in 2006-7. A self-reported questionnaire provided complementary socio-economic data. Results. The burden of medical diagnoses and medications was greatest among the older participants in the study. The mean number of medicines in regular users was: >/= 60 years, 3.6 (SD 2.6); 40-59 years, 1.9 (SD 1.5); and 20-40 years, 1.9 (SD 1.8) (p = 0.013). There were no gender differences in general health or medication variables. Self-reported health, medical diagnoses and medication were significantly and consistently associated with the OIDP score: subjects with >/= 1 diagnosis, OR 2.22 (95% CI 1.19-4.14) and subjects with >/= 1 medicines, OR 1.85 (95% CI 1.01-3.40) versus those without diagnoses or medication. However, there was a clear gradient: OIDP scores increased with increasing numbers of diagnoses and medicines. Conclusion. The Swedish version of the OIDP was found useful for measuring impacts of general health and medication on OHRQoL. Dental care should pay special attention to patients with medical conditions or who are on medication, because these patients are more likely to experience oral impacts on daily performances.
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8.
  • Abraham, Getahun Yacob (författare)
  • Education for Democracy? : Life Orientation: Lessons on Leadeship Qualities and Voting in South African Comprehensive Schools
  • 2010
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This study takes as its starting point how teachers understand, interpret and teach social development aspects of Life Orientation in South African comprehensive schools. The specific focus is on lessons on leadership qualities and voting for third grade learners in four schools, each dominated by either Black, Coloured, White or mixed groups of learners. Field work with an ethnographic approach and a qualitative strategy was used to gain access to empirical data. Policy and curriculum documents, guidelines and textbooks were used. Classroom observations in four classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers were conducted. Theoretical concepts of construction, deconstruction and reconstruction are applied. Ulf P Lundgren’s Frame Factor Theory is used to study school organization. Basil Bernstein’s Pedagogical Devices are considered when examining the different levels of pedagogical activities. To be a teacher in South Africa one needs to attend at least two years of teacher education after completing high school. Teachers in the classes studied underwent their teacher education during apartheid years. Due to limited in-service training, they sometimes experience problems of understanding and interpreting the learning area, which they usually tackle by consulting documents, colleagues or school authorities. The learners’ understanding varied based on their family background and type of school they attended. There were enormous differences in material, financial and organisational resources between classes and schools. The resources for teaching leadership qualities and voting were not, however, different between the classes. The lessons were teacher dominated and direct transmission was used as a method. The way teachers facilitated the lesson on leadership qualities and voting varied but all showed some democratic shortcomings. Apart from answering questions, learners were neither invited nor encouraged to participate to further their understanding of the theme. Limited aspects of leadership qualities were discussed, individual leaders’ roles were emphasised and the teachers picked candidates for class leaders in three of the classes. It was also evident that the class environments were not suitable for critical or creative thinking and democratic upbringing. The schools reproduced norms, values, languages and cultures of the different groups. Officially, teachers emphasised the common national South African identity. This emphasis on national identity could disguise the injustice some groups experience in society.
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10.
  • Josefsson, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Motivation till motion och fysisk aktivitet
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Hälsa och Livsstil : forskning och praktiska tillämpningar. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144058405 ; , s. 207-225
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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