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Sökning: swepub > Karlstads universitet > Järnström Lars

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  • Nestorson, A., et al. (författare)
  • Control of aroma permeability in latex coatings by altering the vinyl acid content and the temperature around Tg
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Polymer testing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0142-9418 .- 1873-2348. ; 26:7, s. 916-926
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mass transport of four different aroma compounds (ethyl butyrate, 1-hexanol, heptanal and limonene) through styrene-acrylate latex dispersion coatings with different amounts of vinyl acid groups has been studied using a permeation cell. The permeation test was studied above and below the glass transition temperature of the styrene-acrylate latex films in order to study the influence of changes in free volume and polymer rigidity on the aroma permeation induced by glassy-rubbery transition. An increase in the carboxylic acid content of the latices reduced the diffusivity. The solubility of all the aroma compounds tended to increase with increasing carboxylic acid groups content in the latex films, including the non-polar limonene. Other factors than polarity and chemical attraction forces including volatility and molar volume of the aroma compounds thus affected the mass transfer. Since solubility and diffusion oppose each other, the differences in permeability towards aroma compounds between the latex films were small. Below the glass transition temperature, the free volume is less, resulting in a lower mobility of the permeants and, therefore, a lower diffusivity than above the glass transition. A small increase in solubility was seen at the lower temperature, probably due to the lower volatility of the aroma compounds. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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  • Nestorson, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Interactions between aroma compounds and latex films : Partition coefficients and influence on latex film formation
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Packaging technology & science. - : Wiley. - 0894-3214 .- 1099-1522. ; 19:2, s. 71-82
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The potential of various latex grades to take up, retain and release different types of aroma compound has been explored. The latex grades used included two styrene-acrylate latices and two styrene-butadiene latices, of which one contained talc. The aroma compounds used were ethyl butyrate, 1-hexanol, heptanal, 3-octanone, ?-pinene and limonene dissolved in propylene glycol. It was shown that talc improves both the uptake of aroma compounds in the dispersion phase and the retention during the film formation process. However, the styrene-acrylate latex had a greater ability than the styrene-butadiene latex to hold the aroma compounds once the films were formed. These results have been compared to calculated solubility parameters. The uptake of 1-hexanol and propylene glycol in the latex dispersions were higher than expected from the theoretical calculations, probably because of the amphiphilic nature of these molecules. In addition, the influence of aroma compounds on the film formation was evaluated.
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  • Menzel, Carolin, et al. (författare)
  • Molecular structure of citric acid cross-linked starch films
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 96:2, s. 270-276
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of citric acid (CA) on starch films has been examined. A new method to detect cross-linkingof starch by CA in solution-cast films by molecular weight measurements is described. Furthermore, wemanaged to distinguished between free, mono- and di-esterified CA and quantify di-ester content withinstarch films by using a modification in the method of complexometric titration with copper(II)-sulfate.Cross-linking of starch by CA occurred at low temperature, 70◦C, which we assumed is so far the lowesttemperature reported where cross-linking reaction occurred. This is essential for starch coating applica-tions within paper industry since no high temperatures for curing will be required. However, curing at150◦C and high CA concentrations, 30 pph, increased cross-linking reaction. Furthermore, the physicalproperties like water solubility, gel content and glass transition temperature, were highly reflected bychanges in the molecular structure i.e. cross-linking and hydrolysis, as well as CA content and curingtemperature.
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