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- Christiansson, Marie-Therese
(author)
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Inter-organisatorisk verksamhetsutveckling : metoder som stöd vid utveckling av partnerskap och informationssystem
- 1998
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Dagens sätt att bedriva affärer sker allt mer i form av partnerskap. Kunder, leverantörer och partners fördelar aktiviteter och resurser mellan varandra i inter-organisatoriska (IO) affärsprocesser för att skapa vinna-vinna situationer och gemensamma konkurrensfördelar. Denna samverkan innebär bl a att koordinera aktiviteter, resurser och datautbyte mellan parter då affärsrelationer är beroende av att information, material och betalningar flödar på ett strukturerat sätt mellan parter. Informationsutbyte krävs för att tillgodose kunskapsbehov och stöd för personers handlingar. Att utforma inter-organisatoriska informationssystem (IOIS) innebär att utforma IS/IT-stöd för parter internt och i samverkan och möjliggöra nya sätt att bedriva affärer. Syftet med mina studier är att klargöra vad inter-organisatorisk verksamhetsutveckling (IOVU) kan innebära för att utveckla partnerskap och IOIS. Studier har bedrivits i form av gemensam kunskapsutvecking med konsultföretaget Frontec, litteraturstudier, metodanalyser och metodprövande aktionsforskning under en IO förändringsanalys som PartnerTech AB gemensamt bedrivit med en kund. En väsentlig del av arbetet har inneburit vidareutveckling och anpassning av metoder för IOVU. Metodutveckling har i första hand baserats på SIMMetoden och Frontec:s arbetsmetodik. Uppföljningsintervjuer har utförts med projektdeltagare för att lära av deras erfarenheter från metodtillämpning och projektets effekter på samverkan. Avhandlingen har resulterat i begreppsutveckling inom området, erfarenheter av metoder i användning och metodrekommendationer för att stödja IOVU. Synsätt och metodrekommendationer visar hur IOVU kan stödjas i form av projektstrategi, metodkomponenter och arbets-former för att utveckla partnerskap och IOIS. Denna licentiatavhandling är baserad på arbete inom forskningsprojektet VINST som bedrivitsmed ekonomiskt stöd från forskningsprogrammet "Samarbete och Teknik", NUTEK och Rådet för Arbetslivsforskning. Övrig finansiering med hjälp av Högskolan i Borås, Högskolan i Karlstad, Frontec och PartnerTech AB
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- Friman, Margareta
(author)
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Satisfaction with public transport services
- 1998
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Satisfaction is assumed to be an important cause of attitude change by acting as a mediator between preexposure and postexposure attitudes. A number of factors account for whether one is satisfied or not with a specific performance. One factor is expectations, another one performance, and a third factor disconfirmation of expectations. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate factors that have an impact on the satisfaction with public transport services. More specifically, the relationships were investigated between negative critical incidents, satisfaction with perceived service quality, and overall satisfaction. Also important was to find out what constitute quality and satisfaction in public transport services. Two studies were conducted. In Study I data were analyzed from customer complaints, onboard interviews, and a mail survey. The results suggested that employee behavior, reliability, simplicity, and design constitute perceived quality attributes in public transport services. Study II confirmed these results by means of further analyses of the covariances of rated frequencies of remembered negative critical incidents as well as of ratings of perceived service quality attributes. Furthermore, the frequency of negative critical incidents, defined as disconfirmation of expectations, was found to negatively affect overall satisfaction. However, the relationship was not direct but mediated by satisfaction with perceived service quality attributes. Thus, it is suggested that when the number of negative critical incidents increase, the effect is coded as perceived service quality attributes. In addition, the frequency of negative critical incidents increases with the frequency of use that is directly related to overall satisfaction and the degree of choice with different means of transportation
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- Håkansson, Helena
(author)
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Ethanol Pulping of Reed Canary Grass
- 1995
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of processing an agricultural crop grown in Sweden to usable pulp. A further purpose was to study ethanol pulping applied to a non-wood raw material.The first part of this thesis deals with the criteria for selecting a fibre crop for further studies. Based on the content of fibres and the harvested yield reed canary grass was found to be the most interesting crop. The effect on fibre content of the amount of leaves was investigated and it was found that leaves contain a very small amount of fibres. If the amount of leaves in the crop is 25 % or less they have a rather small influence, however. In the second part of the thesis the studies of ethanol-alkali pulping and autocatalysed acidic ethanol pulping of reed canary grass are reported. The effects of the pulping conditions in the two methods were investigated using a response surface methodology. In ethanol-alkali pulping, the results were compared at the point of fibre liberation, which occurred at a kappa number of about 13. The shortest cooking time (80 min) required to reach kappa number 13 was obtained at an ethanol concentration of about 32 %, a liquor-to-raw material ratio of 4 l/kg and an alkali charge of 25 %. The highest pulp yield at kappa number 13 was obtained at about 38 % ethanol, 15 % alkali and any of the investigated liquor-to-raw material ratios (4 to 10 l/kg). In autocatalysed ethanol pulping, the results were compared at the end of the bulk delignification. The lowest possible kappa number (about 35) was obtained using 60 % ethanol at a liquor-to-raw material ratio of 10 l/kg.Some paper properties were investigated on an unbleached soda pulp from reed canary grass,an unbleached ethanol-alkali pulp from reed canary grass, an unbleached ethanol pulp from reed canary grass and a bleached (ODED) ethanol pulp from reed canary grass. For comparison, the properties of an unbleached and a bleached industrial birch kraft pulp were tested. The strength properties of the reed canary grass pulps are generally lower than those of the birch pulps.The investigated ethanol pulping techniques can be used for the pulping of reed canary grass. The pulps are not suitable in products where strength is important. They may be useful, however, as e.g. a component in printing paper.
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