| 1. |
- Tseli, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic Factors for Physical Functioning After Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation in Patients With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 35:2, s. 148-173
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate prognostic factors for long-term (≥6 mo) physical functioning in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain following multidisciplinary rehabilitation (MDR).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic searches conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL revealed 25 original research reports, published 1983-2016, (n=9436). Potential prognostic factors relating to initial pain and physical and psychological functioning were synthesized qualitatively and quantitatively in random effects meta-analyses. The level of evidence (LoE) was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).RESULTS: Pain-related factors (intensity and chronicity) were not associated with function/disability at long-term follow-up, odds ratio (OR)=0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.65-1.07 and OR=0.97; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00, respectively (moderate LoE). A better function at follow-up was predicted by Physical factors; higher levels of initial self-reported functioning, OR=1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13 (low LoE), and Psychological factors; low initial levels of emotional distress, OR=0.77; 95% CI, 0.65-0.92, low levels of cognitive and behavioral risk factors, OR=0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93 and high levels of protective cognitive and behavioral factors, OR=1.49; 95% CI, 1.17-1.90 (moderate LoE).DISCUSSION: While pain intensity and long-term chronicity did not predict physical functioning in chronic pain patients after MDR, poor pretreatment physical and psychological functioning influenced the prognosis negatively. Thus, treatment should further target and optimize these modifiable factors and an increased focus on positive, psychological protective factors may perhaps provide an opening for yet untapped clinical gains.
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| 2. |
- Tseli, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of multidisciplinary rehabilitation outcomes in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain : protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Systematic Reviews. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2046-4053. ; 6:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a major public health problem. Early prediction for optimal treatment results has received growing attention, but there is presently a lack of evidence regarding what information such proactive management should be based on. This study protocol, therefore, presents our planned systematic review and meta-analysis on important predictive factors for health and work-related outcomes following multidisciplinary rehabilitation (MDR) in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.METHODS: We aim to perform a synthesis of the available evidence together with a meta-analysis of published peer-reviewed original research that includes predictive factors preceding MDR. Included are prospective studies of adults with benign, chronic (> 3 months) musculoskeletal pain diagnoses who have taken part in MDR. In the studies, associations between personal and rehabilitation-based factors and the outcomes of interest are reported. Outcome domains are pain, physical functioning including health-related quality of life, and work ability with follow-ups of 6 months or more. We will use a broad, explorative approach to any presented predictive factors (demographic, symptoms-related, physical, psychosocial, work-related, and MDR-related) and these will be analyzed through (a) narrative synthesis for each outcome domain and (b) if sufficient studies are available, a quantitative synthesis in which variance-weighted pooled proportions will be computed using a random effects model for each outcome domain. The strength of the evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.DISCUSSION: The strength of this systematic review is that it aims for a meta-analysis of prospective cohort or randomized controlled studies by performing an extensive search of multiple databases, using an explorative study approach to predictive factors, rather than building on single predictor impact on the outcome or on predefined hypotheses. In this way, an overview of factors central to MDR outcome can be made and will help strengthen the evidence base and inform a wide readership including health care practitioners and policymakers.SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42016025339.
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| 3. |
- Wallin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Newborn individual development care and assessment program (NIDCAP) : a systematic review of the literature
- 2009
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Ingår i: Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1545-102X .- 1741-6787. ; 6:2, s. 54-69
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Important advancements have been made in the care of preterm infants. Health services have introduced various methods aimed at promoting attachment, breastfeeding, and neurological development. The Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP), developed to stimulate preterm infants at levels adapted to the child's degree of neurological maturity, is increasingly being used.Objectives: The aim was to investigate the impact of NIDCAP on the psychomotor development, neurological status, medical/nursing care outcomes, and parental perceptions. A further aim was to evaluate the cost-related effects of NIDCAP.Data Extraction and Analysis: A literature search up to September 2007 was performed. The reviewed papers were assessed for methodological quality and only statistically significant findings were extracted.Findings: The evidence compiled on the effects of NIDCAP is based on 12 articles from six randomized controlled trials that included approximately 250 children. Each of the studies was assessed as having medium quality. Most of the studies were small and many investigated a huge number of outcome variables, which decreased their scientific strength. On outcome variables in which a significant difference was found between the intervention (NIDCAP) and control groups, most studies showed better results for the NIDCAP group. This was particularly valid for cognitive and psychomotor development. Four studies also showed a reduced need for respiratory support for the NIDCAP group. No studies were identified that weighed the total cost of NIDCAP against its effects.Conclusions: Despite promising findings, primarily on cognitive and motor development, the scientific evidence on the effects of NIDCAP is limited. Shortcomings in design and methods in the reviewed studies hamper far-reaching claims on the effectiveness of the method. Scientific grounds for assessing the effects of NIDCAP would be substantially enhanced by a sufficiently comprehensive study with extended follow-up and a clear focus on a few important outcome variables.
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| 4. |
- Hofman, Hannelore, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ experiences with the application of medical adhesives to the skin : a qualitative systematic review protocol
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Medical adhesives are adhesives used in medical devices to establish and maintain contact with the body over a period of time (usually by application to the skin) and are widely used in most care settings. Application of medical adhesives to the skin can lead to skin stripping, mild or severe allergic reactions and skin irritation that may manifest as redness, itching or rash. Adhesive-related skin injury can lead to infection, delayed wound healing and an increased risk of scarring. These injuries can cause severe discomfort and pain, and can affect the patient’s quality of life. A systematic review summarising patient’s experiences on this topic will contribute to informing adhesive producers and policy makers, and guiding further development and improvement of available technologies.Methods and analysis: This systematic review protocol is based on the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline. A systematic search will be conducted in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO. In addition, manual searches will be performed, reviewing the reference lists of relevant reviews and articles included for quality assessment. Qualitative studies using various methods will be considered for inclusion. Screening of title, abstract and full text will be done by two reviewers. The methodological quality of studies under consideration will be critically assessed by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Qualitative Research. Data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers using a predefined data extraction form. Meta-aggregation will be used to summarise the evidence.Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval or consentis required because no participants will be recruited.This systematic review protocol is published in an openaccess journal to increase transparency of the researchmethods used. Results will be disseminated at nationaland international conferences.
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| 5. |
- Rasoal, Dara, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Ethics Support for Healthcare Personnel : An Integrative Literature Review
- 2017
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Ingår i: HEC Forum. - Dordrecht, Netherlands : Springer. - 0956-2737 .- 1572-8498. ; 29:4, s. 313-346
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes which clinical ethics approaches are available to support healthcare personnel in clinical practice in terms of their construction, functions and goals. Healthcare personnel frequently face ethically difficult situations in the course of their work and these issues cover a wide range of areas from prenatal care to end-of-life care. Although various forms of clinical ethics support have been developed, to our knowledge there is a lack of review studies describing which ethics support approaches are available, how they are constructed and their goals in supporting healthcare personnel in clinical practice. This study engages in an integrative literature review. We searched for peer-reviewed academic articles written in English between 2000 and 2016 using specific Mesh terms and manual keywords in CINAHL, MEDLINE and Psych INFO databases. In total, 54 articles worldwide described clinical ethics support approaches that include clinical ethics consultation, clinical ethics committees, moral case deliberation, ethics rounds, ethics discussion groups, and ethics reflection groups. Clinical ethics consultation and clinical ethics committees have various roles and functions in different coun-tries. They can provide healthcare personnel with advice and recommendations regarding the best course of action. Moral case deliberation, ethics rounds, ethics discussion groups and ethics reflection groups support the idea that group reflection increases insight into ethical issues. Clinical ethics support in the form of a ‘‘bot-tom-up’’ perspective might give healthcare personnel opportunities to think and reflect more than a ‘‘top-down’’ perspective. A ‘‘bottom-up’’ approach leaves the healthcare personnel with the moral responsibility for their choice of action in clinical practice, while a ‘‘top-down’’ approach risks removing such moral responsibility.
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| 6. |
- Strandberg, Thomas, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting empathy in social care for older people
- 2012
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Ingår i: Working with Older People. - London, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1366-3666 .- 2042-8790. ; 16:3, s. 101-110
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify connections between empathy and social care and to describe aspects of empathy in social care work, by bringing together research from different fields.Design/methodology/approach: Five doctoral theses which discussed empathy among care workers of older people in Sweden were analysed as a group. The theses had been published over the period 1996 to 2007. Methodologically, the examination underpinned an interpretive content analysis.Findings: The meta-analysis revealed conflicting feelings among care workers. Most experienced frustration when they were not able to express empathy in their working practices. Empathy was typically hindered by lack of time, care workers' own needs, and inflexible home care systems. However, a key element of the job-satisfaction reported by care workers appeared to be its empathic nature. Most care workers perceive encounters with older people as opportunities to respond empathically rather than indifferently. The implications of these findings are discussed.Originality/value: The study is an overview that attempts to build a bridge across the two concepts, social care and empathy. The main strength of this analysis is its originality of approach undertaking a specific literature review and reflecting on a subject that has not previously been explored in the Swedish context.
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| 7. |
- Mulinari, Shai, et al.
(författare)
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Sociologisk forskning om covid-19-pandemin : en introduktion
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - Annelöv : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 58:1-2, s. 5-14
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A pandemic is a crisis and as such, in many ways, an entirely new situation. It is a situation in which there are scientific as well as societal uncertainties and where the routines of everyday life are overturned. The Covid-19 pandemic has made visible already established social structures and inequalities, but it has also exacerbated existing power relations and vulnerabilities. In this article, we introduce the contributions to the special issue of Sociologisk Forskning on how society and people’s lives have been affected by the corona crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic. We also give an overview of some of the themes that are picked up by sociologists and social scientists internationally as well as nationally in Sweden, when trying to make sense of the meaning and effects of the Covid-19 pandemic.
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| 8. |
- Harvey, Frida, Adjunkt i matematik, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of Collaborative Learning in Teacher Professional Development : A Systematic Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mathematics Teacher Education and Development. - : Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. - 1442-3901. ; 24:1, s. 72-95
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Professional Learning Communities (PLC) have been used increasingly in designing and discussing teachers' professional development, but how PLC are organised and framed differ between contexts. There is a lack of meta-level studies that aim to define and compare different ways of organising PLC. In this literature review of 32 studies, Cultural-historical Activity Theory (CHAT) is used as an analytical lens to examine different models for PLC in mathematics. By examining and comparing PLC in mathematics, the review aims to expand understanding of how PLC in mathematics can be organised and framed. The result revealed three distinctive activity systems with different objects: developing norms for collaboration, developing teachers’ understanding about mathematics and its teaching, and developing teachers’ repertoire of teaching actions. The activity systems vary concerning the use of mediating artifacts and the norms that regulate each activity system, but are similar regarding participants, context, and division of labor. The review indicates that the teachers participating in PLC in mathematics change their norms of collaboration, enhance their understanding of mathematics and its teaching, and/or enhance their ability to design and carry out mathematics teaching. Our findings can assist designers, organisers, participants, and researchers in making informed decisions about PLC in mathematics.
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| 9. |
- Hägglund, Doris
(författare)
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A systematic literature review of incontinence care for persons with dementia : the research evidence
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:3-4, s. 303-312
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Backgroud. Urinary/faecal incontinence in persons with dementia is a potentially treatable condition. However, which type of incontinence care is most appropriate for persons with dementia remains undecided. Aim. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of literature on incontinence care in persons with dementia focusing on assessment/management and prevention. Design. A systematic search of the literature. Method. The search was performed in the CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Results. Of the 48 papers analysed, two were systematic literature reviews of management of urinary incontinence including persons with dementia. These reviews showed that the best-documented effect of toilet assistance for urinary incontinence in elderly persons with/without dementia had prompted voiding. However, prompted voiding in persons with dementia raises ethical concerns related to the person's integrity and autonomy. Timed voiding in combination with additional interventions like incontinence aids, staff training on the technique of transferring participants from bed to commode and pharmacological treatment decreased the number of urinary incontinence episodes in older persons with/without dementia. There is good scientific evidence that prevention of urinary incontinence in elders with/without dementia decreases incontinence or maintains continence. However, the evidence is insufficient to describe the state of knowledge of faecal incontinence. Conclusions. Toilet assistance, including timed voiding in combination with additional interventions and prompted voiding, are the available evidence-based interventions; however, nursing incontinence care is an experience-based endeavour for persons with dementia. Relevance to clinical practice. There is a lack of evidence-based nursing interventions related to incontinence care for persons with dementia. More research is needed to show whether experience-based incontinence care is effective and which activities are most appropriate for persons with dementia. However, the practice of effective nursing will only be realised by using several sources of evidence, namely research, clinical experience and patient experience.
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| 10. |
- Mantell, Andy, et al.
(författare)
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Social work-generated evidence in traumatic brain injury from 1975 to 2014 : A systematic scoping review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Health & Social Care in the Community. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0966-0410 .- 1365-2524. ; 26:4, s. 433-448
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Network for Social Workers in Acquired Brain Injury (INSWABI) com-missioned a systematic scoping review to ascertain the social work-generated evidence base on people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) of working age. The review aimed to identify the output, impact and quality of publications authored by social workers on this topic. Study quality was evaluated through assessment frameworks drawn from the United Kingdom National Service Framework for Long- Term Conditions. In the 40- year period from 1975 to 2014, 115 items were published that met the search criteria (inter-vention studies, n = 10; observational studies, n = 52; literature reviews, n = 6; expert opinion or policy analysis, n = 39; and others, n = 8). The publications could be grouped into five major fields of practice: families, social inclusion, military, inequalities and psy-chological adjustment. There was a significant increase in the number of publications over each decade. Impact was demonstrated in that the great majority of publications had been cited at least once (80.6%, 103/115). Articles published in rehabilitation jour-nals were cited significantly more often than articles published in social work journals. A significant improvement in publication quality was observed across the four decades, with the majority of studies in the last decade rated as high quality.
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