| 1. |
- Messina Dahlberg, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Communication in the virtual classroom in higher education : languaging beyond the boundaries of time and space
- 2013
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Ingår i: Learning, Culture and Social Interaction. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-6561 .- 2210-657X. ; 2:3, s. 127-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The empirical study presented here focuses upon naturalistic social interaction in online synchronous communities within higher education. Our interests here relate to accounting for the communicative strategies employed by participants who are dealing with a common task, and how these specific tasks are negotiated within the constraints and opportunities accorded in the multimodal multilingual virtual setting. Taking sociocultural theoretical points of departure, we focus on students' languaging and use of tools when they have access to a range of resources inside the online videoconferencing program. The study is based upon screen recordings of both student-only and teacher-lead meetings during one semester in the online course Italian for beginners offered by a Swedish university. The analysis is two-fold: we provide an overview of the interactional patterns at the general lesson level in the data complemented by a micro-interactional analysis of selected slices of everyday life from two meetings. Our findings indicate that students make use of several resources that dialectically shape how they get positioned within the virtual community culture. These identification processes function as ways of enriching and nurturing learning, both of appropriating the target language, as well as enabling ways of being in multimodal, multilingual communities of practices.
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| 2. |
- Messina Dahlberg, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping Languaging in Digital Spaces : Literacy Practices at Borderlands
- 2016
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Ingår i: Language Learning & Technology. - Honolulu : University of Hawaii * National Foreign Language Resource Center. - 1094-3501. ; 20:3, s. 80-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presented in this article explores the ways in which discursive-technologies shape interaction in digitally-mediated educational settings in terms of affordances and constraints for the participants. Our multi-scale sociocultural-dialogical analysis of the interactional order in the online sessions of an Italian for Beginners language course provided by a university in Sweden is illustrated in terms of an Introduction phase, a Language and Grammar phase, a Discussion phase, and a Concluding phase. Dimensions of TimeSpace shape the organization of the lessons where a range of literacy practices can be identified. A second step in the analysis zooms into the Discussion phase. Taking the concepts of epistemic engine and epistemic domains as points of departure, we explain how the written word shapes the interactional order in online settings. This study highlights how different interactional orders allow for the opening up of new socialization spaces, in which students are more likely to be prevented from getting trapped in their own script of task-oriented activities. Here, participants' cultural processes are complexly layered in digitally-mediated encounters, where their focused orientation towards a variety of offline and online oral and written resources is partly curtailed by the digital environment itself.
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| 3. |
- Messina Dahlberg, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding glocal learning spaces : an empirical study of languaging and transmigrant positions in the virtual classroom
- 2014
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Ingår i: Learning, Media & Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-9884 .- 1743-9892. ; 39:4, s. 468-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of digital tools like computers and tablets in institutional learning arenas give rise to forms of flexibility where time and space boundaries become diffuse. Online learning sites are understood as being crucial today, especially in large parts of the Global North, where anyone anywhere potentially can become a student and have access to educational opportunities. This study focuses on the analysis of recorded sessions, part of an “Italian for (adult) beginners” online course. Our interests relate to accounting for how students negotiate different language varieties, including modalities, and how communication in virtual learning settings enables both flexible participation trajectories and identity positions in and across the boundaries of time and space.The sociocultural and dialogical analyses here are framed in terms of fluidity of “glocal” positions and (trans)languaging that emerge in and across time and space in Technology Mediated Communication. Our findings suggest that online environments support meaning-making where it is possible to identify alternative ways of (co)constructing and mediating learning. Such hybridity as well as the performative character of learning and identity display have important implications for online glocal communities.
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| 4. |
- Messina Dahlberg, Giulia
(författare)
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Languaging in virtual learning sites : studies of online encounters in the language-focused classroom
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses upon a series of empirical studies which examine communication and learning in online glocal communities within higher education in Sweden. A recurring theme in the theoretical framework deals with issues of languaging in virtual multimodal environments as well as the making of identity and negotiation of meaning in these settings; analyzing the activity, what people do, in contraposition to the study of how people talk about their activity. The studies arise from netnographic work during two online Italian for Beginners courses offered by a Swedish university. Microanalyses of the interactions occurring through multimodal video-conferencing software are amplified by the study of the courses’ organisation of space and time and have allowed for the identification of communicative strategies and interactional patterns in virtual learning sites when participants communicate in a language variety with which they have a limited experience.The findings from the four studies included in the thesis indicate that students who are part of institutional virtual higher educational settings make use of several resources in order to perform their identity positions inside the group as a way to enrich and nurture the process of communication and learning in this online glocal community. The sociocultural dialogical analyses also shed light on the ways in which participants gathering in discursive technological spaces benefit from the opportunity to go to class without commuting to the physical building of the institution providing the course. This identity position is, thus, both experienced by participants in interaction, and also afforded by the ‘spaceless’ nature of the online environment.
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| 5. |
- Bagga-Gupta, Sangeeta, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning on-the-go in institutional telecollaboration : Anthropological perspectives on the boundaries of digital spaces
- 2015
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Ingår i: Researching Language Learner Interaction Online. - Texas State University : CALICO. - 9780996316507
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As Digitally Mediated Communication increasingly becomes a dimension of everyday life across the globe, a greater number of individuals have access to newer ways of engaging in learning practices on-the-go. Learning here, i.e. in institutionalized educational settings like the videoconferencing program Adobe Connect explicitly can be conceptualized in terms of participation in distributed networks of relationships across both physical geopolitical as well as virtual spaces.The study presented here is interested in (i) examining the nature of languaging ‘in situ’ in digital institutional learning settings like virtual classroom, including the types of practices that unfold at the boundaries of different glocal communities, and (ii) throwing light upon the relationship(s) between the openness and parallel closure of online glocal spaces. We draw upon ethnographic data from a project at the CCD[1] research group in Sweden. Our anthropologically framed study takes sociocultural and postcolonial perspectives as points of departure and focuses upon screen recordings of online sessions of an Italian for Beginners course (80 hours) offered by a Swedish university.Sociocultural and postcolonial perspectives on culture, language and identity allow us to empirically investigate how students in cyber communities negotiate and co-construct SpaceTime as a single dimension during the institutionally framed agenda of an online language course focused in this study. We argue that in order to understand and empirically study such encounters (or sites of engagement) it is fruitful to use the epistemological lenses of TimeSpace as well as the postcolonial concepts of Third Space and Hybridity. This allows us an analytical shift in focus, from what happens inside a space or a community, to what occurs at the boundaries, in-between (virtual) spaces.Our results highlight the need to focus the distributed-discursive and the discursive-technological constitution of participants’ worlds i.e. humans-in-concert-with-artifacts in the shared space(s) of the virtual classroom, where the boundaries of what is real-tangible and what is curtailed-obscure become both fluid-diffuse and concrete-tangible. Dismantling notions of one nation-one language, facilitated by emerging media practices, it is suggested, also challenges dominant language ideologies based on monolingual-monomodal communication.[1]www.oru.se/humus/ccd/
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Rosén, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Back to roots! : Languaging and constructing home(land) and (be)longing in Swedish national language policies across time.
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The empirically based study presented in this paper draws upon data from two large scale ethnographic studies at the CCD research group at Örebro University, Sweden where sociocultural and postcolonial framings have been employed. Taking the paucity of empirically informed research in the postcolonial literature as a point of departure, this study brings analytical rigor to understandings of human identity and spaces across time.A central aim of this data driven study is to analyze how images of home(land), roots and background are deployed in the (co)constructions of identity positions in national educational policy documents across time in Sweden. Thus, the importance of geographical place of longing and belonging in the categorization of differences and common identity positions in national policies are highlighted. Empirical materials from two ethnographic research projects LISA 21, Languages and Identities in School Arenas in the 21st century and CIC, Categorization, Identity and Communication are critically analyzed. These empirical materials consist of policy documents such as national curricula and syllabus in Sweden from the 1960s to the present times and from the compulsory school years up to adult education. Policies for mainstream education, special education, Sami minority education and immigrant adult education are especially focused.The preliminary results highlight the subtle but significant ways of othering, including those of locating the identity of "the targeted Other" both in the physical body of the Other, as well as (i) the physical spaces of educational settings and (ii) the geopolitical spaces of collective imagined (be)longings (compare Anderson 1991). The targeted Other (and the neutral majority norm) is formulated in and through "webs of understandings" (Bagga-Gupta 2004, 2012) in the languaging in policy texts where identity positions both highlight as well as naturalize specific identity positions to a specific or an original "place of authentic (be)longing". These identity positions include the "newly arrived immigrant" in a parallel educational setting, the "deaf pupil" in a segregated educational setting, the "white pupil with special needs" in a parallel educational setting, the "second generation immigrant pupil" in a mainstream setting, the "national minority Sami pupil" in a segregated educational setting, the adult "newcomer" in a transitory educational setting. The geopolitical spaces of imagined (be)longings include both regional/nation states from which some citizens in Sweden are positioned across time, as well as linguistic heritage bonding (as in the case of the Sami and the deaf). Based upon the juxtaposition of the findings from our data across educational policy settings and time, we argue that categorized as the targeted Other, longing and belonging to a specific (an)other space substantially reinforces the marginalization and exclusion of human beings from important societal arenas. Our findings indicate three central issues: the role of metaphors in conceptualizing otherness and selfhood, the position of language varieties in national discourses of home, homeland, longing and belonging, and shifts in framings of identity positions across time (and particularly in policies from the 1990’s).
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| 8. |
- Rosén, Jenny, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Prata svenska, vi är i Sverige! [Talk Swedish, we are in Sweden!] : A study of practiced language policy in adult language learning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Linguistics and Education. - : Elsevier. - 0898-5898 .- 1873-1864. ; 31, s. 59-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presented here draws upon the ongoing work in project-CIC, Categorization of Identities and Communication. Project-CIC is interested in both the social practices and the discourses that frame a tailored education for adult immigrants in Sweden. The Swedish Language Act from 2009, maintains that "Swedish is the principal language in Sweden", and that "all residents of Sweden are to be given the opportunity to learn, develop and use Swedish". The Act furthermore decrees that persons with "a different mother tongue" are to be "given the opportunity to develop and use their mother tongue". The balance between Swedish as the principle language on the one hand, and a recognition of many language varieties on the other, and which is reflected in such central policy documents, comes also alive in the language learning classroom. Research concerned with the language situation of adult immigrants in different European national contexts is not uncommonly founded upon an understanding of language varieties in terms of being standardized, static and with defined (often national) boundaries. The theoretical framework employed in the study that is presented here approaches language policies in terms of a dialectical relationship between policy and the learning that takes place in the language classroom, using the approach of nexus analysis developed by Scollon and Scollon, wherein the social action is placed into the intersection of discourses in place, interaction order and the collectively framed historical bodies of both participants and institutions. Our analysis sheds light upon how interaction at the micro level is constituted in and at the same time constitutes discourses on a macro level as well as the historical bodies of the participants in the interaction in institutional settings.
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| 9. |
- Rosén, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Shifting identity positions in the development of language education for immigrants : an analysis of discourses associated with ‘Swedish for immigrants’
- 2013
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Ingår i: Language, Culture and Curriculum. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0790-8318 .- 1747-7573. ; 26:1, s. 68-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presented in this paper focuses upon conceptualisations of language and identity in the institutionalised arena that emerged in the post-Second World War period with the specific intention of teaching Swedish to adult immigrants in the nation-state of Sweden. Our analysis focuses upon the development of the educational programme ‘Swedish for immigrants’ over time. Our specific interest relates to how categorisations are framed and what, if any, kinds of labels – pertaining to language and identity – emerge in national and local policy documents from the 1960s onwards. Taking a sociohistorical perspective as a point of departure, our analyses indicate discursive changes with regards to the categories and aims of the educational programme, making certain identity positions more accessible than others at specific times. Focusing upon categories from sociohistorical perspectives helps to reveal the social organisation and institutional means that enable society to process citizenship issues. The complex relationship between the empowerment of the immigrants, on the one hand, and the need for integration or assimilation into society on the other, becomes visible through the analysis of empirical data that spans half a century.
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| 10. |
- Hultin, Eva, 1964-
(författare)
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Samtalsgenrer i gymnasieskolans litteraturundervisning : en ämnesdidaktisk studie
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to analytically discern different conversational genres within the teaching of literature, organized within the framework of the two school subjects in which Swedish is taught in upper secondary school, and to place this teaching of literature in a historical context by relating it to different conceptions of the Swedish subject. To be able to achieve this aim, a curriculum studies approach is combined with an ethnographical one. The ethnographical part of the study was conducted as a classroom study, including five different classes and teachers talking about literature, which took place during the school year 2003/2004 at three different schools in the middle of demographical Sweden. This part of the study also involved qualitative interviews with teachers and students concerning different factors which might have an effect on these conversations. The conversations of the study can be described as a part of the every-day-life of the teaching of those subjects, as the teachers organised these conversations in a way that they usually organise conversations of literature in their classes. However, what the teachers meant by talking about literature appeared to differ among them so radically that these conversations could be analytically discerned as four different conversational genres: The Teaching Examination, Text Oriented Talk, Culturally Oriented Talk, and Informal Book Talk. These four conversational genres are possible to analytically discern using the didactical tool, the analysis of conversational genres, which is developed in the dissertation in relation to Michail Bakhtin’s theory of speech genres. The curriculum part of the study comprises an analysis in three steps to place the teaching of literature in a historical context. In the first step national syllabuses for the subjects Swedish and Swedish as a second language are analysed. In the second step local syllabuses for the subjects are analysed. Finally, in the third step, the teachers’ thoughts, deliberations and ideals forming their teaching of literature are analysed. The teaching where conversational genres have been analytically discerned could then be related to different conceptions of the subject Swedish: Swedish as a Higher Subject of Bildung, Swedish as a Proficiency Subject, and Swedish as an Experience-based Subject. The analyses and discussions in the dissertation contribute to the discussions in the field of Subject-Didactics on the role of literature and conversation within the subjects of Swedish and Swedish as a Second language. Another contribution of the dissertation is the didactical tool, the analysis of conversational genres, which might be used by researchers and teachers for analysis and reflection on conversations in teaching.
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