| 1. |
- Bjerregaard, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for anastomotic leakage in colonic procedures within an ERAS-protocol : A retrospective cohort study from the Swedish part of the international ERAS-database
- 2024
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Research on anastomotic leakage (AL) in colonic procedures within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol has not yet been conducted. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for AL after colonic surgery.Methods: The study included all consecutively recorded patients operated with colonic resection surgery in the Swedish part of the international ERAS (R) Interactive Audit System (EIAS) between September 2009 and June 2022. The cohort was analyzed and evaluated regarding risk factors for AL.Results: Altogether 10,632 patients were included, 10,219 were without AL and 413 (3.9%) were with AL. After adjusted analysis, male sex (4.6% AL), OR: 1.49; 95% CI (1.16-1.90), obesity (4.8% AL), OR: 1.62; 95% CI (1.18-2.24), previous surgery (4.4% AL), OR: 1.45; 95% CI (1.14-1.86), open surgery (4.4% AL), OR: 1.36; 95% CI (1.02-1.83), anastomosis between small bowel and rectum (13.1% AL), OR: 3.97; 95% CI (2.23-7.10), stapled anastomosis (5.3% AL), OR: 2.46; 95% CI (1.79-3.38), inhalation anesthesia (4.2% AL), OR: 1.80; 95% CI (1.26-2.57), and conversion to open surgery (5.5% AL), OR 1.49; 95% CI (1.02-2.19) were significant risk factors for AL. Although pre and intraoperative compliance to the ERAS-protocol was similar, excess of fluids day 0 was an independent predictor for AL.Conclusion: Male sex, obesity, previous surgery, open surgery, stapled anastomotic technique, anastomosis between small bowel and rectum, inhalation anesthesia, conversion to open surgery, and among ERAS interventions, excess of fluids day 0, were significant risk factors for AL.
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| 2. |
- Grant, Michael C., et al.
(författare)
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Perioperative Care in Cardiac Surgery : A Joint Consensus Statement by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Cardiac Society, ERAS International Society, and The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0003-4975 .- 1552-6259. ; 117:4, s. 669-689
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs have been shown to lessen surgical insult, promote recovery, and improve postoperative clinical outcomes across a number of specialty operations. A core tenet of ERAS involves the provision of protocolized evidence-based perioperative interventions. Given both the growing enthusiasm for applying ERAS principles to cardiac surgery and the broad scope of relevant interventions, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel was assembled to derive a list of potential program elements, review the literature, and provide a statement regarding clinical practice for each topic area. This article summarizes those consensus statements and their accompanying evidence. These results provide the foundation for best practice for the management of the adult patient undergoing cardiac surgery.
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| 3. |
- Varadhan, Krishna K, et al.
(författare)
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The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for patients undergoing major elective open colorectal surgery : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - Edinburgh, United Kingdom : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 97, s. 35-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: The aim of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway is to attenuate the stress response to surgery and enable rapid recovery. The objective of this meta-analysis was to study the differences in outcomes in patients undergoing major elective open colorectal surgery within an ERAS pathway and those treated with conventional perioperative care.Methods: Medline, Embase and Cochrane database searches were performed for relevant studies published between January 1966 and November 2009. All randomized controlled trials comparing ERAS with conventional perioperative care were selected. The outcome measures studied were length of hospital stay, complication rates, readmission rates and mortality.Results: Six randomized controlled trials with 452 patients were included. The number of individual ERAS elements used ranged from 4 to 12, with a mean of 9. The length of hospital stay [weighted mean difference (95% confidence interval): -2.55 (-3.24, -1.85)] and complication rates [relative risk (95% confidence interval): 0.53 (0.44, 0.64)] were significantly reduced in the enhanced recovery group. There was no statistically significant difference in readmission and mortality rates.Conclusion: ERAS pathways appear to reduce the length of stay and complication rates after major elective open colorectal surgery without compromising patient safety.
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| 4. |
- Bang, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Free dissociable IGF-I : Association with changes in IGFBP-3 proteolysis and insulin sensitivity after surgery
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 35:2, s. 408-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients receiving a carbohydrate drink (CHO) before major abdominal surgery display improved insulin sensitivity postoperatively and increased proteolysis of IGFBP-3 (IGFBP-3-PA) compared to patients undergoing similar surgery after overnight fasting. Aims: We hypothesized that serum IGFBP-3-PA increases bioavailability of circulating IGF-I and preserves insulin sensitivity in patients given CHO. Design: Matched control study. Methods: At Karolinska University Hospital, patients given CHO before major elective abdominal surgery (CHO,n = 8) were compared to patients undergoing similar surgical procedures after overnight fasting (FAST,n = 10). Results from two different techniques for determination of free-dissociable IGF-I (fdIGF-I) were compared with changes in IGFBP-3-PA and insulin sensitivity. Results: Postoperatively, CHO displayed 18% improvement in insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic clamp) and increased IGFBP-3-PA vs. FAST. As determined by IRMA, fdIGF-I increased by 48 +/- 25% in CHO while fdIGF-I decreased by 13 +/- 18% in FAST (p < 0.01 vs. CHO, when corrected for duration of surgery). However, fdIGF-I determined by ultra-filtration decreased similarly in both groups (-22 +/- 8% vs. -25 +/- 8%, p = 0.8) and IGFBP-1 increased similarly in both groups. Patients with less insulin resistance after surgery demonstrated larger increases in fdIGF-I by IRMA (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). Fifty-three % of the variability of the changes in fdIGF-I by IRMA could be explained by changes in IGFBP-3-PA and total IGF-I levels (p < 0.05), while IGFBP-1 did not contribute significantly. Conclusion: During conditions when serum IGF-I bioavailability is regulated by IGFBP-3 proteolysis, measurements of fdIGF-I by IRMA is of physiological relevance as it correlates with the associated changes in insulin sensitivity.
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| 5. |
- Barazzoni, R, et al.
(författare)
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Carbohydrates and insulin resistance in clinical nutrition : Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 36:2, s. 355-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing evidence underscores the important role of glycemic control in health and recovery from illness. Carbohydrate ingestion in the diet or administration in nutritional support is mandatory, but carbohydrate intake can adversely affect major body organs and tissues if resulting plasma glucose becomes too high, too low, or highly variable. Plasma glucose control is especially important for patients with conditions such as diabetes or metabolic stress resulting from critical illness or surgery. These patients are particularly in need of glycemic management to help lessen glycemic variability and its negative health consequences when nutritional support is administered. Here we report on recent findings and emerging trends in the field based on an ESPEN workshop held in Venice, Italy, 8-9 November 2015. Evidence was discussed on pathophysiology, clinical impact, and nutritional recommendations for carbohydrate utilization and management in nutritional support. The main conclusions were: a) excess glucose and fructose availability may exacerbate metabolic complications in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver and can result in negative clinical impact; b) low-glycemic index and high-fiber diets, including specialty products for nutritional support, may provide metabolic and clinical benefits in individuals with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes; c) in acute conditions such as surgery and critical illness, insulin resistance and elevated circulating glucose levels have a negative impact on patient outcomes and should be prevented through nutritional and/or pharmacological intervention. In such acute settings, efforts should be implemented towards defining optimal plasma glucose targets, avoiding excessive plasma glucose variability, and optimizing glucose control relative to nutritional support.
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| 6. |
- Blixt, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of glucose control in liver surgery on glucose kinetics and insulin resistance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 40:7, s. 4526-4534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Clinical outcome is negatively correlated to postoperative insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The magnitude of insulin resistance can be modulated by glucose control, preoperative nutrition, adequate pain management and minimal invasive surgery. Effects of glucose control on perioperative glucose kinetics in liver surgery is less studied.METHODS: 18 patients scheduled for open hepatectomy were studied per protocol in this prospective, randomized study. In the treatment group (n = 9), insulin was administered intravenously to keep arterial blood glucose between 6 and 8 mmol/l during surgery. The control group (n = 9) received insulin if blood glucose >11.5 mmol/l. Insulin sensitivity was measured by an insulin clamp on the day before surgery and immediately postoperatively. Glucose kinetics were assessed during the clamp and surgery.RESULTS: Mean intraoperative glucose was 7.0 mM (SD 0.7) vs 9.1 mM (SD 1.9) in the insulin and control group respectively (p < 0.001; ANOVA). Insulin sensitivity decreased in both groups but significantly (p = 0.03, ANOVA) more in the control group (M value: 4.6 (4.4-6.8) to 2.1 (1.2-2.6) and 4.6 (4.1-5.0) to 0.6 (0.1-1.8) mg/kg/min in the treatment and control group respectively). Endogenous glucose production (EGP) increased and glucose disposal (WGD) decreased significantly between the pre- and post-operative clamps in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups. Intraoperative kinetics demonstrated that glucose control decreased EGP (p = 0.02) while WGD remained unchanged (p = 0.67).CONCLUSION: Glucose control reduces postoperative insulin resistance in liver surgery. EGP increases and WGD is diminished immediately postoperatively. Insulin seems to modulate both reactions, but mostly the WGD is affected. Intraoperative EGP decreased while WGD remained unaltered.REGISTRATION NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIAL: ANZCTR 12614000278639.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Cardenas, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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The international declaration on the human right to nutritional care : A global commitment to recognize nutritional care as a human right
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 42:6, s. 909-918
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to nutritional care is frequently limited or denied to patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM), to those with the inability to adequately feed themselves or to maintain their optimal healthy nutritional status which goes against the fundamental human right to food and health care. That is why the International Working Group for Patient's Right to nutritional care is committed to promote a human rights based approach (HRBA) in the field of clinical nutrition. Our group proposed to unite efforts by launching a global call to action against disease-related malnutrition through The International Declaration on the Human Right to Nutritional Care signed in the city of Vienna during the 44th ESPEN congress on September 5th 2022. The Vienna Declaration is a non-legally binding document that sets a shared vision and five principles for implementation of actions that would promote the access to nutritional care. Implementation programs of the Vienna Declaration should be promoted, based on international normative frameworks as The United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Rome Declaration of the Second International Conference on Nutrition and the Working Plan of the Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025. In this paper, we present the general background of the Vienna Declaration, we set out an international normative framework for implementation programs, and shed a light on the progress made by some clinical nutrition societies. Through the Vienna Declaration, the global clinical nutrition network is highly motivated to appeal to public authorities, international governmental and non-governmental organizations and other scientific healthcare societies on the importance of optimal nutritional care for all patients.
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| 9. |
- Currie, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of Enhanced Recovery Protocol Compliance on Elective Colorectal Cancer Resection Results From an International Registry
- 2015
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 261:6, s. 1153-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) care has been shown in randomized clinical trials to improve outcome after colorectal surgery compared to traditional care. The impact of different levels of compliance and specific elements, particularly out with a trial setting, is poorly understood.Objective: This study evaluated the individual impact of specific patient factors and perioperative enhanced recovery protocol compliance on postoperative outcome after elective primary colorectal cancer resection.Methods: The international, multicenter ERAS registry data, collected between November 2008 and March 2013, was reviewed. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, and perioperative ERAS protocol compliance were assessed. Linear regression was undertaken for primary admission duration and logistic regression for the development of any postoperative complication.Findings: A total of 1509 colonic and 843 rectal resections were undertaken in 13 centers from 6 countries. Median length of stay for colorectal resections was 6 days, with readmissions in 216 (9.2%), complications in 948 (40%), and reoperation in 167 (7.1%) of 2352 patients. Laparoscopic surgery was associated with reduced complications [odds ratio (OR) = 0.68; P < 0.001] and length of stay (OR = 0.83, P < 0.001). Increasing ERAS compliance was correlated with fewer complications (OR = 0.69, P < 0.001) and shorter primary hospital admission (OR = 0.88, P < 0.001). Shorter hospital stay was associated with preoperative carbohydrate and fluid loading (OR = 0.89, P = 0.001), and totally intravenous anesthesia (OR= 0.86, P < 0.001); longer stay was associated with intraoperative epidural analgesia (OR = 1.07, P = 0.019). Reduced postoperative complications were associated with restrictive perioperative intravenous fluids (OR = 0.35, P < 0.001).Conclusions: This analysis has demonstrated that in a large, international cohort of patients, increasing compliance with an ERAS program and the use of laparoscopic surgery independently improve outcome.
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| 10. |
- Fredriksson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Derangements in mitochondrial metabolism in intercostal and leg muscle of critically ill patients with sepsis-induced multiple organ failure
- 2006
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism. - Bethesda, USA : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 291:5, s. E1044-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Critically ill patients treated for multiple organ failure often develop muscle dysfunction. Here we test the hypothesis that mitochondrial and energy metabolism are deranged in leg and intercostal muscle of critically ill patients with sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Ten critically ill patients suffering from sepsis-induced multiple organ failure and requiring mechanical ventilation were included in the study. A group (n = 10) of metabolically healthy age- and sex-matched patients undergoing elective surgery were used as controls. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis (leg) and intercostal muscle. The activities of citrate synthase and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and IV and concentrations of ATP, creatine phosphate, and lactate were analyzed. Morphological evaluation of mitochondria was performed by electron microscopy. Activities of citrate synthase and complex I were 53 and 60% lower, respectively, in intercostal muscle of the patients but not in leg muscle compared with controls. The activity of complex IV was 30% lower in leg muscle but not in intercostal muscle. Concentrations of ATP and creatine phosphate were, respectively, 40 and 34% lower, and lactate concentrations were 43% higher in leg muscle but not in intercostal muscle. We conclude that both leg and intercostal muscle show a twofold decrease in mitochondrial content in intensive care unit patients with multiple organ failure, which is associated with lower concentrations of energy-rich phosphates and an increased anaerobic energy production in leg muscle but not in intercostal muscle.
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