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- Friis, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Review of social epidemiologic research on migrants' health : findings, methodological cautions, and theoretical perspectives
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of social medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 0300-8037. ; 26, s. 173-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phenomenon of world-wide immigration and migration has major implications for the health of the migrants in addition to its impact upon social and other service providers. Studies of migrants that utilize social epidemiologic methods fall within the traditional boundaries of descriptive and analytic approaches; this article reviews some of the studies that exemplify these approaches. It then suggests specific methodological issues and cautions pertaining to research on migrants and provides a theoretical model for organizing the diverse research studies that have been conducted. By stimulating discussion regarding social epidemiologic research on migrants' health, this model is intended to serve as a compass point for future research and needed interventions.
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- Falconer, C, et al.
(författare)
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Different organization of collagen fibrils in stress-incontinent women of fertile age
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6349. ; 77, s. 87-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test the hypothesis that stress urinary incontinence in women is correlated to changes in the paraurethral connective tissue ultrastructure and metabolism.METHODS: Transvaginal biopsies were obtained from the paraurethral connective tissue in women of fertile age with stress urinary incontinence and in matched continent controls. All the stress-incontinent women were characterized with urodynamic investigation. In the biopsies, collagen concentration, measured as hydroxyproline, and the degree of extraction by pepsin digestion were quantified. Proteoglycan composition and concentration were analyzed using Alcian blue precipitation, followed by electrophoretic separation and quantification. Using Northern blots mRNA levels for the collagens I and III, the small proteoglycans decorin and biglycan, and the large proteoglycan versican, were quantified. Collagen organization was examined with transmission electron microscopy and the diameters of collagen fibrils were analyzed with an interactive image analysis system (IBAS, Zeiss/Kontron).RESULTS: The biochemical and morphological analyses exposed a significant difference in the paraurethral connective tissue between stress urinary incontinent women before menopause and comparable controls. The collagen concentration was almost 30% higher and the diameters of the collagen fibrils were 30% larger in the incontinent group of women. Also the organization of the collagen fibrils differed, with considerably higher cross-linking. A higher level of mRNA for collagen I and III in the incontinent group indicates that the differences can be related to an altered collagen metabolism. No change of proteoglycan amount or composition was observed, resulting in a significantly lower proteoglycan/collagen ratio in the incontinent group of women.CONCLUSION: Stress urinary incontinence in fertile women is associated with a change in collagen metabolism resulting in an increased concentration of collagen and larger collagen fibrils. These alterations should result in a more rigid form of extracellular matrix, suggesting a connective tissue with impaired mechanical function.
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- Ahlm, Clas, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of antibodies specific to Puumala virus among farmers in Sweden
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 24:2, s. 104-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serological evidence confirmed that the exposure of humans to Puumala virus is firmly restricted to the northern and central parts of Sweden. In addition the evidence indicated that, in this region, farming is associated with an increased risk of contracting hantavirus infection.
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- Fagerberg, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish nursing students' transition into nursing during education
- 1998
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Ingår i: Western Journal of Nursing Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0193-9459 .- 1552-8456. ; 20:5, s. 605-623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transition from student to nurse involves the influence of several different educational aspects. The aim of this study is to elucidate the transition to the role of a nurse, which Swedish nursing students underwent during their 3 years in nursing education, as described from the perspective of their experiences with elderly patients. Interviews were conducted with the students at the end of each academic year, and the students wrote diaries about their clinical education in the second and third years. The narratives were analyzed with a phenomenological-hermeneutic method, and six themes appeared vital for the transition into nursing. The study implies a continuous process during education, involving many aspects of the transition from a student with a genuine and natural interest to care for others to a registered nurse ready to take up her first position. Cooperation with other team members had a strong influence on the students.
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- Frisen, J, et al.
(författare)
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Nerve growth factor induces process formation in meningeal cells : Implications for scar formation in the injured CNS
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurosci, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Med Nobel Inst, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Biomed Ctr, Dept Dev Neurosci, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, Brain Tumor Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B4, Canada. : SOC NEUROSCIENCE. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 18, s. 5714-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces the differentiation and supports the survival of subpopulations of neurons in the PNS and CNS. Here we report that meningeal cells in the pia mater express immunoreactivity and mRNA for both known NGF receptors, the low-affinity receptor p75 and the tyrosine kinase receptor trkA. NGF induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of trkA in meningeal cells in vitro. NGF does not stimulate proliferation of primary meningeal cells but induces process outgrowth. p75- and trkA-immunoreactive meningeal cells with long processes, resembling NGF-treated cells in vitro, are abundant in the scar tissue that forms at spinal cord lesions in rat and cat. These data suggest that NGF, which is expressed at increased levels in the brain and spinal cord after lesions, may be involved in scar formation in the injured CNS.
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