| 1. |
- Berntsson Svensson, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Prioritization of quality requirements : State of practice in eleven companies
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE 19th International Requirements Engineering Conference, RE 2011; Trento; 29 August 2011 through 2 September 2011. - Trento : IEEE. - 9781457709234 ; , s. 69-78, s. 69-78
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Requirements prioritization is recognized as an important but challenging activity in software product development. For a product to be successful, it is crucial to find the right balance among competing quality requirements. Although literature offers many methods for requirements prioritization, the research on prioritization of quality requirements is limited. This study identifies how quality requirements are prioritized in practice at 11 successful companies developing software intensive systems. We found that ad-hoc prioritization and priority grouping of requirements are the dominant methods for prioritizing quality requirements. The results also show that it is common to use customer input as criteria for prioritization but absence of any criteria was also common. The results suggests that quality requirements by default have a lower priority than functional requirements, and that they only get attention in the prioritizing process if decision-makers are dedicated to invest specific time and resources on QR prioritization. The results of this study may help future research on quality requirements to focus investigations on industry-relevant issues.
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| 2. |
- Felderer, Michael, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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A testability analysis framework for non-functional properties
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE TESTING, VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION WORKSHOPS (ICSTW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781538663523 ; , s. 54-58
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents background, the basic steps and an example for a testability analysis framework for non-functional properties.
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| 3. |
- Lenberg, Per, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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An initial analysis of differences in software engineers’ attitudes towards organizational change
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 9th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering, CHASE 2016. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Press. - 9781450341554 ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to manage change is important in software engineering organizations, where rapid progress in technologies and constantly evolving methodologies create a turbulent environment. Research has identified employees’ attitudes towards organizational change as a key factor in the change process. Nonetheless, few studies exist that explore such attitudes in a software engineering context. The nature of change efforts is such that they often do not equally affect the various roles in the organization, which indicates that the roles may hold different attitudes. This study aimed to verify the existence of these presumed differences in attitudes towards organizational change between roles in a software engineering organization and to identify factors that contribute to these differences. The result of a survey (N=51) confirmed that there were significant differences, and that the software developers had a more positive attitude towards change and had deeper knowledge about the intended outcome compared to the line managers. The result of in-depth interviews (N=11) revealed that the software engineers evaluate the planned change in relation to the norms, values and standards of their peer group, meaning that an employee will have a positive attitude towards a change if its result is likely to make, or has made, it easier for him/her to uphold the peer group’s norms and values.
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| 4. |
- Marculescu, Bogdan, et al.
(författare)
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Practitioner-Oriented Visualization in an Interactive Search-Based Software Test Creation Tool
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, APSEC. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 1530-1362. - 9781479921430 ; 2, s. 87-92
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Search-based software testing uses meta-heuristic search techniques to automate or partially automate testing tasks, such as test case generation or test data generation. It uses a fitness function to encode the quality characteristics that are relevant, for a given problem, and guides the search to acceptable solutions in a potentially vast search space. From an industrial perspective, this opens up the possibility of generating and evaluating lots of test cases without raising costs to unacceptable levels. First, however, the applicability of search-based software engineering in an industrial setting must be evaluated. In practice, it is difficult to develop a priori a fitness function that covers all practical aspects of a problem. Interaction with human experts offers access to experience that is otherwise unavailable and allows the creation of a more informed and accurate fitness function. Moreover, our industrial partner has already expressed a view that the knowledge and experience of domain specialists are more important to the overall quality of the systems they develop than software engineering expertise. In this paper we describe our application of Interactive Search Based Software Testing (ISBST) in an industrial setting. We used SBST to search for test cases for an industrial software module and based, in part, on interaction with a human domain specialist. Our evaluation showed that such an approach is feasible, though it also identified potential difficulties relating to the interaction between the domain specialist and the system.
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| 5. |
- Gren, Lucas, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Group Maturity and Agility, Are They Connected? - A Survey Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2015), August 26-28. - : IEEE. - 9781467375856
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus on psychology has increased within software engineering due to the project management innovation "agile development processes". The agile methods do not explicitly consider group development aspects, they simply assume what is described in group psychology as mature groups. This study was conducted with 45 employees and their twelve managers (N=57) from two SAP customers in the US that were working with agile methods, and the data were collected via an online survey. The selected Agility measurement was correlated to a Group Development measurement and showed significant convergent validity, i.e., A more mature team is also a more agile team. This means that the agile methods probably would benefit from taking group development into account when its practices are being introduced.
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| 6. |
- Gren, Lucas, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Work Motivational Challenges Regarding the Interface Between Agile Teams and a Non-Agile Surrounding Organization: A case study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Agile Conference (AGILE), 2014. July 28 2014-Aug.. - : IEEE Press. - 9780769552224 ; , s. 11-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are studies showing what happens if agile teams are introduced into a non-agile organization, e.g. higher overhead costs and the necessity of an understanding of agile methods even outside the teams. This case study shows an example of work motivational aspects that might surface when an agile team exists in the middle of a more traditional structure. This case study was conducted at a car manufacturer in Sweden, consisting of an unstructured interview with the Scrum Master and a semi-structured focus group. The results show that the teams felt that the feedback from the surrounding organization was unsynchronized resulting in them not feeling appreciated when delivering their work. Moreover, they felt frustrated when working on non-agile teams after have been working on agile ones. This study concludes that there were work motivational affects of fitting an agile team into a non-agile surrounding organization, and therefore this might also be true for other organizations.
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| 7. |
- Lenberg, Per, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Human factors related challenges in software engineering - An industrial perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: 8th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE). - : IEEE. - 9781467370318
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2015 IEEE. It is increasingly recognised that successful Software Engineering not only depends on technical or process issues, but requires attention to human factors. Researchers include such aspects which has led to both new theories and refined methods. However, it is not clear if professionals in the software industry agree that human factors are critical and what the related challenges and possibilities are. The purpose of the present study is to address this discrepancy. Using a qualitative research method, we elicited information about how and why human factors affect Software Engineering projects, which challenges are of special interest and the context in which they arise. Thematic analysis of data from interviews with nine senior software professionals in multiple Swedish software companies of differing size identified four main challenging areas. As supported by existing research, customer relations and communications were highlighted as important, but so too is the need for more holistic and multi-dimensional solutions and the importance of human factors in software organisational change. In addition, quantitative results indicate that the professionals see the organisational and group aspects as more important than the individual aspect. Our results can help to focus future research on matters that software practitioners consider important.
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| 8. |
- Lenberg, Per, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Behavioral Software Engineering
- 2014
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Ingår i: CHASE 2014 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450328609 ; , s. 48-55
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout the history of Software Engineering (SE) it has been repeatedly found that the humans involved, i.e. the engineers and developers in addition to other stakeholders, are a key factor in determining project outcomes and success. However, the amount of research that focuses on human aspects has been limited compared to research with technology or process focus. With increasing maturity of the field, interest in agile methods and a growing dissatisfaction with the continued challenges of developing high-quality software on time, the amount of SE research putting human aspect in primary focus has increased. In this paper we argue that a synthesized view of the emerging human-focused SE research is needed and can add value through giving focus, direction and help identify gaps. Taking cues from the addition of Behavioral Economics as an important part of the area of Economics we propose the term Behavioral Software Engineering (BSE) as an umbrella concept for research that focus on behavioral and social aspects in the work activities of software engineers. We propose that a model based on three units of analysis can give structure and point to concepts that are important for BSE. To add detail to this model we are conducting a systematic review to map out what is currently known. To exemplify the model and the area we here present the results from a subset of the identified concepts.
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| 9. |
- Marculescu, Bogdan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Objective re-weighting to guide an interactive search based software testing system
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2013; Miami, FL; United States; 4 December 2013 through 7 December 2013. - Miami : IEEE. ; 2, s. 102-107
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even hardware-focused industries today develop products where software is both a large and important component. Engineers tasked with developing and integrating these products do not always have a software engineering background. To ensure quality, tools are needed that automate and support software testing while allowing these domain specialists to leverage their knowledge and experience. Search-based testing could be a key aspect in creating an automated tool for supporting testing activities. However, domain specific quality criteria and trade-offs make it difficult to develop a general fitness function a priori, so interaction between domain specialists and such a tool would be critical to its success. In this paper we present a system for interactive search based software testing and investigate a way for domain specialists to guide the search by dynamically re-weighting quality goals. Our empirical investigation shows that objective reweighing can help a human domain specialist interactively guide the search, without requiring specialised knowledge of the system and without sacrificing population diversity.
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| 10. |
- Kashfi, Pariya, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual ux-aware model of requirements
- 2016
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783319449012 ; 9856, s. 234-245, s. 234-245
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- User eXperience (UX) is becoming increasingly important for success of software products. Yet, many companies still face various challenges in their work with UX. Part of these challenges relate to inadequate knowledge and awareness of UX and that current UX models are commonly not practical nor well integrated into existing Software Engineering (SE) models and concepts. Therefore, we present a conceptual UX-aware model of requirements for software development practitioners. This layered model shows the interrelation between UX and functional and quality requirements. The model is developed based on current models of UX and software quality characteristics. Through the model we highlight the main differences between various requirement types in particular essentially subjective and accidentally subjective quality requirements. We also present the result of an initial validation of the model through interviews with 12 practitioners and researchers. Our results show that the model can raise practitioners’ knowledge and awareness of UX in particular in relation to requirement and testing activities. It can also facilitate UX-related communication among stakeholders with different backgrounds.
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