| 1. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Technical Change, Location and Trade
- 1987
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Ingår i: Papers in regional science (Print). - Umeå : Umeå universitet. - 1056-8190 .- 1435-5957. ; 62:1, s. 13-35
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The difference between the slow adjustment of localized resources and the faster processes of technical change and product renewal cause a relocation pressure on existing production. Introduction of new products, techniques and establishments is stimulated by opportunities to attain temporary monopoly profits and is restrained by sunk costs in older vintages and competition for local resources. Introduction is more frequent in nodes with a rich and varied importstructure. The process can be modelledas a chain of import, production and export cycles with relocation. Conditions for introduction and change of location are analysed by means of a spatial vintage model.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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INNOVATION POLICY INSTRUMENTS
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Lisbon Agenda that was launched in 2000, and had a set time-period of ten years. The purpose of the Lisbon Agenda was to make the EU the most competitive, knowledge-based economy in the world, and at the same time preserving, or even improving social cohesion and maintain environmental sustainability. The Lisbon Agenda had a large number of goals, in both quantified and qualified measures, in different areas. The main instrument that was put forward was the open method of co-ordination (OMC) that includes indicators, benchmarking, peer pressure, and best practise demonstrations. The forthcoming Lisbon Agenda will certainly need new approaches, and new instruments. One of the areas of instruments that can be further explored is innovation policies where the use of R&D and human capital is enhanced. Human capital is a natural part of a knowledge-based economy, and has positive impacts on growth, and jobs in the economy. Innovation policy instruments are diversified and are integrated in many areas of an economy and on many levels, which make them ideal for the next Lisbon Agenda. The instruments can have a general or specific characteristics and some span over the two characteristics.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation, Technology and Knowledge
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper outlines a set of fundamental changes in the global economy that have altered the nature of the innovation process, brought about global challenges, and stimulated cross border phenomena and network formation responses. These changes has brought about an increase of the demand for knowledge as well as changed the conditions for knowledge production and innovation. Against the background of a changing global economy, the purpose of the paper is to make an overview over the role and drivers of innovation, technology and knowledge. The role of absorptive capacity and knowledge flows between economic agents from different spatial units for economic growth is further emphasized. Furthermore, it is recognized in the paper that national innovative productivity depends upon the national innovation systems. Multinationals play an increasingly central role for the transfer of knowledge between different parts of the world. This paper thoroughly examines the way multinationals contribute to innovation, technology and knowledge dispersion. The distribution of knowledge investments is uneven across the globe and the occurrence of the “European paradox” highlights where Europe has failed in this context.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Principles of road pricing
- 1994
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Ingår i: <em>Road Pricing</em>. - Stockholm : Dept. of Infrastructure & Planning, KTH. ; , s. 7-33
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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