| 1. |
- Romanowska, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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An Art-Based Leadership Intervention for Enhancement of Self-Awareness, Humility, and Leader Performance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Personnel Psychology. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1866-5888 .- 2190-5150. ; 13:2, s. 97-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study represents a new cross-disciplinary approach. A year-long art-based leadership intervention was compared to conventional leadership training using a random allocation design. The study has examined whether the art-based intervention has a stronger beneficial impact on leaders' development than the conventional program. Comparison was made utilizing leaders' self-ratings and subordinates' ratings of their leaders' frequency of expressed laissez-faire leadership and capacity to cope with stress. Our findings show a striking difference in the development between the two groups. In addition to displaying less laissez-faire behavior, the leaders in the art intervention appear to have improved their self-awareness, humility, and stress coping, while contrasting results were noted in the conventional group. These findings confirm the earlier results in our research.
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| 2. |
- Romanowska, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Health Effects on Leaders and Co-Workers of an Art-Based Leadership Development Program.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. - Basel : S. Karger AG. - 0033-3190 .- 1423-0348. ; 80:2, s. 78-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There are very few evaluations of the effectiveness of leadership development programs. The purpose of the study was to examine whether an art-based leadership program may have a more beneficial effect than a conventional one on leaders' and their corresponding subordinates' mental and biological stress. Methods:Participating leaders were randomized to 2 year-long leadership programs, 1 art-based and 1 conventional, with follow-up of the leaders and their subordinates at 12 and 18 months. The art-based program built on an experimental theatre form, a collage of literary text and music, followed by writing and discussions focused on existential and ethical problems. Results: After 18 months a pattern was clearly visible with advantage for the art-based group. In the art group (leaders and their subordinates together as well as for subordinates only) compared to the conventional group, there was a significant improvement of mental health, covert coping and performance-based self-esteem as well as significantly less winter/fall deterioration in the serum concentration of the regenerative/anabolic hormone dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate. Conclusions:Our findings indicate a more beneficial long-term health effect of the art-based intervention compared to a conventional approach. Positive results for both standardized questionnaires and biological parameters strengthened the findings. The study provides a rationale for further evaluation of the effectiveness of this alternative educational approach.
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| 3. |
- Söderhjelm, Teresa Martha, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of confidence in leadership role : a qualitative study of the process following two Swedish leadership programmes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Leadership & Organization Development Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0143-7739 .- 1472-5347. ; 39:1, s. 114-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of leadership programmes on leaders and co-workers, as well as which mechanisms are involved in the process. Design/methodology/approach – An analysis was done into 431 free-text answers to questionnaires given to 120 participants in two different leadership programmes and their co-workers six months after their participation, using a grounded theory inspired approach.Findings – The result is a model, linking internal psychological and external behavioural aspects, with the central outcome that leaders gained more confidence in their leadership role through theoretical models learned, and reflection.Research limitations/implications – The course participants as well as the co-workers seemed to experience a positive leadership development indicating a value of participating in the courses.Practical implications – Confidence in leadership role seems important for having positive outcomes of leadership. Although this needs further research, it is something organisations should consider when working with leadership questions.Social implications – The co-workers perceived their leaders to be calmer, more open for discussions, and willing both to give and receive feedback post training. There appears to be an increase in trust both in the leader and reciprocally from the leader in the co-workers.Originality/value – Until now there has not been any systematic research into the effects on participants and co-workers following the programmes, despite the fact that over 100,000 have participated in the courses.
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| 4. |
- Alvinius, Aida, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing visibility and differentiating in recruitment of women as leaders in the armed forces
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Gender Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0958-9236 .- 1465-3869. ; 27:5, s. 534-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recruitment is one of the Swedish Armed Forces' (SAF) main challenges today. Recruiting more women into the organization is one of the organization's aims, as well as providing them with more opportunities for career development. The purpose of this article is to gain a deeper understanding of how female military officers perceive barriers and advantages on their way to higher leadership positions. A total of 10 women from a variety of backgrounds and positions in the armed forces were interviewed. Their ranks ranged from Captain to Colonel and they represented army, naval units and air force. The interviews were analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. The qualitative analysis resulted in two main themes: Supporting visibility of women as leaders and differentiation of women as leaders. The former concerns positive strategies on an individual and organizational level that support an increase in the number of female leaders in the SAF, and is a way of responding to political incitements and the SAF's fundamental values. The second concerns ways how women are portrayed as different and divergent from the male standard. The suggested model may be valuable in recruitment, educational settings and leader development of high-level military officers from a gender perspective.
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| 5. |
- Alvinius, Aida, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Structure versus freedom of action : Leadership during the rescue operation following the 2004 tsunami
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Management. - 1471-4825 .- 1741-5071. ; 7:3-4, s. 304-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to develop a theoretical understanding of leadership during a complex rescue operation following a major disaster in a foreign country. The analysis followed a grounded theory approach. Seventeen informants from three Swedish authorities were interviewed on leadership in the emergency handling of the 2004 tsunami in Southeast Asia. A theoretical conceptualisation was developed which includes three superior categories: antecedent conditions, situational constraints and core aspects of leadership. Within the last-mentioned superior category a core variable was identified: a balance between the need for structure and the need for freedom. Leaders who strive to create structure at the expense of freedom of action are less inclined to delegate and more likely to wear themselves out. Conversely, those who strive to create great freedom of action bypass many links in the organisational chain, thus 'short-circuiting' the organisation as a whole.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Sofia, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Moral Stress in International Humanitarian Aid and Rescue Operations : A Grounded Theory Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ethics and behavior. - : Routledge. - 1050-8422 .- 1532-7019. ; 21:1, s. 49-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humanitarian aid professionals frequently encounter situations in which one is conscious of themorally appropriate action but cannot take it because of institutional obstacles. Dilemmas like this are likely to result in a specific kind of stress reaction at the individual level, labeled as moral stress.In our study, 16 individuals working with international humanitarian aid and rescue operations participatedin semistructured interviews, analyzed in accordance with a grounded theory approach. Atheoretical model of ethical decision making from a moral stress perspective was developed. Thepractical implications of the study are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Wilde-Larsson, Bodil, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Womens’ opinions on intrapartal care : development of a theory-based questionnaire
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Blackwell. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:11-12, s. 1748-1760
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim.To develop a patient questionnaire specific to intrapartal care, based on the theoretical foundation of the general instrument Quality from the Patient's Perspective (QPP).Background.Existing general patient questionnaires do not take intrapartal care aspects fully into account, and available intrapartal-specific patient questionnaires tend to have a weak theoretical foundation.Design.A cross-sectional, nationwide study carried out during a two-week period in 2007 at Swedish maternity units.Method.An intrapartal-specific QPP-questionnaire (QPP-I) was developed by combining a selection of 22 items from the short and long versions of the QPP with 10 newly constructed items. Responses were obtained from 739 women (63% response rate). The dimensionality of the QPP-I was assessed using structural equation modelling (a nested factor model). Non-parametric statistics were used for subgroup comparisons.Results.A nested model with a general factor including all 32 items and 10 subordinate factors was developed. Most scales had acceptable reliability coefficients (0 center dot 73-0 center dot 93), and a meaningful pattern of subgroup differences was obtained.Conclusions.The QPP-I is theory based and has its roots in a patient perspective. It was developed using a nationwide sample of Swedish women receiving intrapartal care, and an advanced statistical method was used. The outcome of this initial empirical trial was promising but needs to be tested in different countries and cultures.Relevance to clinical practice.By combining womens' responses on perceived reality and subjective importance ascribed to the various aspects of care measured, the QPP-I offers the care provider better guidelines on which elements to focus quality improvement work on, than would be the case if only a rank order of perceived reality ratings was available.
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| 8. |
- Klässbo, M., et al.
(författare)
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Examination of passive ROM and capsular patterns in the hip
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Research International. - : Wiley. - 1358-2267 .- 1471-2865. ; 8:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and PurposeThe present study was conducted to examine passive hip range of motion (PROM) for patients with hip dysfunction, including pain, with or without hip osteoarthritis, to arrange and describe PROM patterns and to count the number of hips presenting Cyriax's and Kaltenborn's capsular patterns.MethodThe study is theory-testing, observational, cross-sectional and descriptive. One hundred and sixty-eight patients (mean age 61.7 years, range 36–90 years), 50 with no hip osteoarthritis, 77 with unilateral hip osteoarthritis and 41 with bilateral osteoarthritis, based on radiological reports, were consecutively recruited by physicians in primary health care and orthopaedic settings. One examiner tested PROM bilaterally, by use of a goniometer and a standardized protocol. PROM limitations were calculated by comparing norms from the symptom-free hips (n = 100) in the study, from Kaltenborn and, in patients with unilateral hip osteoarthritis (n = 77), from the non-osteoarthritis hip. The limitations were arranged by size in PROM patterns. The patterns and the numbers of hips with patterns corresponding to Cyriax's and Kaltenborn's capsular patterns were counted.ResultsBetween 68 and 138 PROM patterns were identified by use of different PROM norms for defining limitations. Few osteoarthritis hips showed Cyriax's capsular pattern and none Kaltenborn's capsular pattern.ConclusionsThe concept of capsular pattern for the hip should be re-examined. No support was found in the present study for its existence. It is impossible to anticipate radiological evidence of hip osteoarthritis from the multitude of PROM patterns. Every patient should be regarded as unique.
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| 9. |
- Klässbo, M., et al.
(författare)
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Promising outcome of a Hip School for patients with hip dysfunktion
- 2003
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Ingår i: Arthritis Care and Research. - : Wiley. - 0893-7524 .- 1529-0123 .- 0004-3591. ; 49:3, s. 321-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo evaluate, in an exploratory study, a hip school led by physical therapists for patients with hip dysfunction including pain.MethodsPhysicians in primary care and orthopedic units consecutively recruited patients by residential area to a treatment group (T group; n = 77) and a control group (C group; n = 68), mean age 61.8 years, 59 men, 86 women. Ninety-nine of the 145 subjects had radiologic hip osteoarthritis. Outcome measures were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP).ResultsAfter hip school (6 months) the T group showed greater reduction on the subscales of pain and activity limitations (WOMAC) than the C group. The subscales sleep disturbances, pain, and physical mobility (NHP) showed improvement for the T group compared with at start. The results for the T group persisted after an additional 6 months.ConclusionA hip school may reduce pain and activity limitations and improve health-related quality of life for patients with hip dysfunction including pain.
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| 10. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership behavior changes following a theory-based leadership development intervention : a longitudinal study of subordinates’ and leaders’ evaluations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 58:1, s. 62-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to evaluate effects of leadership courses based on the developmental leadership model at the leadership behavioral level. A longitudinal design was employed with assessments before, one and six months after the leadership courses. The sample consisted of 59 leaders who made self-ratings and were rated by at least three subordinates on each occasion. Leadership behaviors were measured with the Developmental Leadership Questionnaire (DLQ). A limited increase of favorable leadership behaviors and a significant reduction of unfavorable leadership behaviors were found, particularly according to the subordinates’ ratings. A cluster analysis yielded three meaningful leader profiles and showed that this pattern was found in all three profiles, irrespective of how favorably they were rated before the onset of the intervention.
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