| 1. |
- Perman, Jeanna, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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The VLDL receptor promotes lipotoxicity and increases mortality in mice following an acute myocardial infarction.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical investigation. - 1558-8238. ; 121:7, s. 2625-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Impaired cardiac function is associated with myocardial triglyceride accumulation, but it is not clear how the lipids accumulate or whether this accumulation is detrimental. Here we show that hypoxia/ischemia-induced accumulation of lipids in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts is dependent on expression of the VLDL receptor (VLDLR). Hypoxia-induced VLDLR expression in HL-1 cells was dependent on HIF-1α through its interaction with a hypoxia-responsive element in the Vldlr promoter, and VLDLR promoted the endocytosis of lipoproteins. Furthermore, VLDLR expression was higher in ischemic compared with nonischemic left ventricles from human hearts and was correlated with the total lipid droplet area in the cardiomyocytes. Importantly, Vldlr-/- mice showed improved survival and decreased infarct area following an induced myocardial infarction. ER stress, which leads to apoptosis, is known to be involved in ischemic heart disease. We found that ischemia-induced ER stress and apoptosis in mouse hearts were reduced in Vldlr-/- mice and in mice treated with antibodies specific for VLDLR. These findings suggest that VLDLR-induced lipid accumulation in the ischemic heart worsens survival by increasing ER stress and apoptosis.
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| 2. |
- Brostrom, A., et al.
(författare)
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Investing in Localized Relationships with Universities: What are the Benefits for RD Subsidiaries of Multinational Enterprises?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - 1366-2716. ; 16:1, s. 59-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of a long-standing interest in the distribution of knowledge spillovers from university research, there is only limited theoretical understanding of if and when opportunities to interact with a research university constitute a significant force of attraction for globally mobile investment in RD. Based on an empirical investigation of the benefits of interaction with universities, this paper proposes an analytical framework and four ideal types of strategy for localised collaboration between RD subsidiaries and universities. This taxonomy, which largely transcends industry sectors, and the illustrative cases presented in this paper provide insights into the potential scope for localised university-industry interaction from the perspective of multinational enterprises. By connecting the empirical results to the question whether these benefits are significant enough to enhance a region's attractiveness as a location for RD, we are able to develop a better understanding of the alternative strategies for policymakers and university leaders interested in stimulating such linkages.
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| 3. |
- Berndes, Göran, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Multifunctional biomass production systems - an overview with presentation of specific applications in India and Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr. - 1932-104X. ; 2:1, s. 16-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This perspective discusses multi-functional biomass production systems, which are located, designed, integrated and managed so as to provide specific environmental services, in addition to biomass supply. Besides discussing the general concept and outlining a range of different possible applications, we present in somewhat more detail specific applications of such systems for the cases of Sweden and India. The overall conclusion is that the environmental benefits from a large-scale establishment of multi-functional biomass production systems could be substantial. Given that suitable mechanisms to put a premium on the provided environmental services can be identified and implemented, additional revenues can be linked to biomass production systems and this could enhance the socioeconomic attractiveness and significantly improve the competitiveness of the produced biomass on the market. The provision of additional environmental services also contributes to local sustainable development, which is in many cases a prerequisite for local support for the production systems. (C) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. - 1523-4681. ; 27:6, s. 1390-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adipocytes and osteoblasts share a common progenitor, and there is, therefore, potential for both autocrine and endocrine effects of adiponectin on skeletal metabolism. The aim of the present study was to determine whether high serum adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of fracture in elderly men. We studied the relationship between serum adiponectin and the risk of fracture in 999 elderly men drawn from the general population and recruited to the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Baseline data included general health questionnaires, lifestyle questionnaires, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), serum adiponectin, osteocalcin, and leptin. Men were followed for up to 7.4 years (average, 5.2 years). Poisson regression was used to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin, other risk variables and the time-to-event hazard function of fracture. Median levels of serum adiponectin at baseline were 10.4 mu g/mL (interquartile range, 7.714.3). During follow-up, 150 men sustained one or more fractures. The risk of fracture increased in parallel with increasing serum adiponectin (hazard ratio HR/SD, 1.46; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.231.72) and persisted after multivariate-adjusted analysis (HR/SD, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.091.55). Serum adiponectin shows graded stepwise association with a significant excess risk of fracture in elderly men that was independent of several other risk factors for fracture. Its measurement holds promise as a risk factor for fracture in men. (C) 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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| 5. |
- Jörnsten, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
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Network modeling of the transcriptional effects of copy number aberrations in glioblastoma
- 2011
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Ingår i: Molecular Systems Biology. - 1744-4292. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) are a hallmark of cancer genomes. However, little is known about how such changes affect global gene expression. We develop a modeling framework, EPoC (Endogenous Perturbation analysis of Cancer), to (1) detect disease-driving CNAs and their effect on target mRNA expression, and to (2) stratify cancer patients into long-and short-term survivors. Our method constructs causal network models of gene expression by combining genome-wide DNA-and RNA-level data. Prognostic scores are obtained from a singular value decomposition of the networks. By applying EPoC to glioblastoma data from The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium, we demonstrate that the resulting network models contain known disease-relevant hub genes, reveal interesting candidate hubs, and uncover predictors of patient survival. Targeted validations in four glioblastoma cell lines support selected predictions, and implicate the p53-interacting protein Necdin in suppressing glioblastoma cell growth. We conclude that large-scale network modeling of the effects of CNAs on gene expression may provide insights into the biology of human cancer. Free software in MATLAB and R is provided.
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| 6. |
- Nyberg, Lena K., et al.
(författare)
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A single-step competitive binding assay for mapping of single DNA molecules
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - 0006-291X. ; 417:1, s. 404-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical mapping of genomic DNA is of relevance for a plethora of applications such as scaffolding for sequencing and detection of structural variations as well as identification cif pathogens like bacteria and viruses. For future clinical applications it is desirable to have a fast and robust mapping method based on as few steps as possible. We here demonstrate a single-step method to obtain a DNA barcode that is directly visualized using nanofluidic devices and fluorescence microscopy. Using a mixture of YOYO-1, a bright DNA dye, and netropsin, a natural antibiotic with very high AT specificity, we obtain a DNA map with a fluorescence intensity profile along the DNA that reflects the underlying sequence. The netropsin binds to AT-tetrads and blocks these binding sites from YOYO-1 binding which results in lower fluorescence intensity from AT-rich regions of the DNA. We thus obtain a DNA barcode that is dark in AT-rich regions and bright in GC-rich regions with kilobasepair resolution. We demonstrate the versatility of the method by obtaining a barcode on DNA from the phage T4 that captures its circular permutation and agrees well with its known sequence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Wallerstedt, S., et al.
(författare)
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Moderate hyperkalemia in hospitalized patients with cirrhotic ascites indicates a poor prognosis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521. ; 48:3, s. 358-365
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Development of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis is an ominous sign with a poor outcome. A liver transplantation must be considered, and it then becomes important to know if there are any factors indicating a worsened prognosis. Material and methods. We used official registers for a follow-up study of at least 5 years considering the prognosis of 155 prospectively recruited in-patients with cirrhotic ascites from medical units at nine Swedish university hospitals. All patients had undergone at least one diagnostic ascites tap, and had initially been questioned about background factors and physically examined according to a standardized case record form, followed by sampling of blood, urine, and ascites. Results. Death occurred within 1 year after inclusion in 53% of the cases, and was primarily liver-related in 70%. In a multivariable analysis, the two ordinary variables that showed the strongest correlation with risk of death were serum potassium and abdominal tenderness. All 22 patients with a serum potassium concentration of at least 4.8 mmol/L (maximum 5.8 mmol/L) died within 1 year after inclusion. Potassium concentration was related to renal function and potassium-saving drugs. Conclusion. This follow-up study of a prospectively recruited cohort of in-patients with cirrhotic ascites confirms their poor prognosis. Awareness of an elevated serum potassium value, which would reflect a threatened renal function, seems essential, because it may offer a simple way to identify cases with the worst prognosis. An area for further research should be to explore the significance of including serum potassium in prognostic models.
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| 8. |
- Svensson, Richard Berntsson, et al.
(författare)
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Prioritization of quality requirements: State of practice in eleven companies
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE 19th International Requirements Engineering Conference, RE 2011; Trento; 29 August 2011 through 2 September 2011. - 978-145770923-4 ; s. 69-78
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Requirements prioritization is recognized as an important but challenging activity in software product development. For a product to be successful, it is crucial to find the right balance among competing quality requirements. Although literature offers many methods for requirements prioritization, the research on prioritization of quality requirements is limited. This study identifies how quality requirements are prioritized in practice at 11 successful companies developing software intensive systems. We found that ad-hoc prioritization and priority grouping of requirements are the dominant methods for prioritizing quality requirements. The results also show that it is common to use customer input as criteria for prioritization but absence of any criteria was also common. The results suggests that quality requirements by default have a lower priority than functional requirements, and that they only get attention in the prioritizing process if decision-makers are dedicated to invest specific time and resources on QR prioritization. The results of this study may help future research on quality requirements to focus investigations on industry-relevant issues.
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| 9. |
- Woxenius, Johan, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Utilising more of the loading space in intermodal line trains – measures and decision support
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computers in industry. - 0166-3615. ; 64:2, s. 146-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus of this article is to identify, characterise and qualitatively evaluate the existing measures for increasing the utilisation of loading space in intermodal road–rail freight line trains. Normally, these trains operate like intercity passenger trains, because they make short unit load transhipment stops along rail corridors in order to travel comparatively small and short flows. The measures for loading space utilisation include adapting the train’s capacity, changing the departure times, altering the train routes and sending trucks to different terminals as well as replacing rail transport with trucks. Some of the measures require improved information sharing, and executives can strengthen the effect of the measures by adding decision support systems and price incentives to transport buyers.
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| 10. |
- Ahmed, Istaq, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and structural characterization of perovskite type proton conducting BaZr1-xInxO3-delta (0.0 <= x <= 0.75)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. ; 177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid state sintering has been used to prepare the cubic perovskite structured compounds BaZr1-xInxO3-delta (0.0 <= x <= 0.75). Analysis of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) data reveals that the unit cell parameter, a, increases linearly with an increased Indium concentration. XRPD data was also used to demonstrate the completion of sample hydration, which was reached when the materials showed a set of single-phase Bragg-peaks. Dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data showed that approx. 89% of the total number of available oxygen vacancies can be filled in BaZr1-xInxO3-delta for x=0.50, and that the maximum water uptake occurs below 300 degrees C. Rietveld analysis of the room temperature neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data confirmed the average cubic symmetry (space group Pm-3m), and an expansion of the unit cell parameter after the hydration reaction. The strong O-H stretch band, 2500-3500 cm(-1), in the infrared absorbance spectrum clearly manifests the presence of protons in the hydrated material. Proton conductivity of hydrated BaZr1-xInxO3-delta, x=0.75 was investigated during heating and cooling cycles under dry argon atmosphere. The total conductivity during the heating cycle was nearly two orders of magnitude greater than that of cooling cycle at 300 degrees C, whilst these values were similar at higher temperatures i.e. T > 600 degrees C.
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