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| 3. |
- Wilde-Larsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Begreppet vårdkvalitet
- 1994
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Ingår i: I G. Udén (Red.), Kvalitets-säkring inom omvårdnad: Olika perspektiv (sid 37-46). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. ; , s. 37-46
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Zirconium nitride based transparent heat mirror coatings : preparation and characterisation
- 1994
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Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 32:2, s. 199-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transparent heat mirror coatings based on thin zirconium nitride films have been prepared using reactive magnetron sputtering. The zirconium nitride films have been sandwiched between layers of zirconium oxide. It is shown that the multilayer configuration ZrO2/ZrN/ZrO2 can be used as solar control coatings on window glazings. A visible transmittance of around 60% and a thermal emittance lower than 0.2 can be obtained, and the ratio between visible transmittance and total solar transmittance can be as high as 1.7. The influence of substrate temperature on the optical quality of the films is evaluated and it is shown that the crystal structure of the first oxide layer is of importance for the optical quality of the nitride. The influence of preparation conditions and accelerated ageing has been modelled using the optical constants of thin films prepared under identical conditions as the films in the multilayer coatings.
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- Hall-Lord, M-L., et al.
(författare)
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Elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care : A grounded theory study
- 1994
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Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 10:2, s. 133-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to develop a theoretical understanding of elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care, using a grounded theory approach. 18 patients, 7 women and 11 men, were interviewed and observed in an intensive care unit (ICU). Their average age was 76.5, varying from 70–85. A model was generated from data, according to which elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care can be described as four interrelated aspects: a sensory, an intellectual, an emotional, and an existential dimension. 16 categories form the four dimensions. The categories, in turn, are grounded in a number of interview and observational data. The sensory dimension is formed by the categories physical pain, physical discomfort, fatigue, and breathing problems, and the intellectual dimension by the categories not knowing, difficulty in expressing oneself/not being understood and confused perception of reality. The categories in the emotional dimension are worry, fear, resignation, bitterness, anger/irritation and dependency. Finally, the existential dimension is formed by the categories despair, threat to life and death acceptance. The categories within the four dimensions may be separate, but often they interact and influence each other in various ways. The model is discussed in relation to existing models and definitions of pain, where the intellectual and existential dimensions in particular have not been emphasized in a similar way.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the prognostic value of the Health Assessment Form among patients clinically ready for discharge
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 2:2, s. 77-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to identify patterns of physical, psychological, and social conditions that may be of prognostic value when it comes to assessing continued care of patients clinically ready for discharge; a related aim was to evaluate instruments used for this identification, especially a Swedish version of the health assessment form. The sample consisted of 53 consecutive patients (mean age 82.8 years, SD = 6.6 years) All patients came from their own homes and were admitted to surgical and orthopaedic departments. Interviews were carried out on the day the patients were assessed as medically ready for discharge, and a second time 1 month later. The health assessment form measured the persons' social and environmental situation, health history, and functional health status, and another instrument measured the persons' sense of coherence. Few significant differences in functional health status were noted between persons who could return to their homes (n =25) and persons who were referred to institutions after discharge (n = 17). However, the persons being referred to institutions showed less favourable scores within the areas of mood, sense of coherence, and worries about their home accommodation situation. When another sub-group was included (patients who died between the interview occasions; n = 8), significant differences were also noted in the health functions breathing, digestion, elimination, and body movement. Sense of coherence had a significant prognostic value for the continued care after discharge irrespective of whether the deceased patients were included or not.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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Daughters helping their elderly mothers : Impact of early attachment, daughter's trait anxiety, and helping interaction characteristics
- 1994
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397 .- 0907-2055. ; 3:3, s. 167-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to explore the relationships between early attachment between mother and daughter, the adult daughter's general anxiety level, and characteristics of the helping interaction between the adult daughter and her elderly mother on the one hand and the quality of this help on the other. One sample consisted of 46 Swedish women (mean age: 55 years) who acted as informal caregivers for their elderly mothers. A second sample consisted of 106 Swedish female nursing students (mean age: 27 years). The participants rated the quality of the practical, physical and psychosocial help they gave their elderly mothers (imagined helping activities in a predefined situation among the nursing students). Subjects also rated their mother's degree of caring and overprotection in childhood, their own trait anxiety, and various characteristics of their helping interactions. A high degree of motherly caring and a low degree of motherly overprotection in childhood covaried with a lower level of trait anxiety in the adult daughters. These conditions, in turn, covaried with mutual friendliness during the helping interactions. All these conditions covaried with high-quality psychosocial support. The quality of practical help and physical caring covaried with friendliness during the helping interactions only.
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