| 1. |
- Rögnvaldsson, Thorsteinn, et al.
(författare)
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Bioinformatic approaches for modeling the substrate specificity of HIV-1 protease : an overview
- 2007
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Ingår i: Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-7159 .- 1744-8352. ; 7:4, s. 435-451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- HIV-1 protease has a broad and complex substrate specificity, which hitherto has escaped a simple comprehensive definition. This, and the relatively high mutation rate of the retroviral protease, makes it challenging to design effective protease inhibitors. Several attempts have been made during the last two decades to elucidate the enigmatic cleavage specificity of HIV-1 protease and to predict cleavage of novel substrates using bioinformatic analysis methods. This review describes the methods that have been utilized to date to address this important problem and the results achieved. The data sets used are also reviewed and important aspects of these are highlighted.
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| 2. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Status and trends in Swedish dissertations in the area of cardiovascular nursing
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 6, s. 72-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe, cardiovascular nursing (CVN) is a young branch of nursing science. The explicit knowledge contained in CVN dissertations has, so far, not been studied in Europe, and this is especially true in the case of Sweden. Accordingly, the aim of this literature study was to describe the status of and compare trends in Swedish dissertations in the area of CVN in terms of organisational structure, approach, research strategy, social orientation and socio-demographic aspects. The literature search resulted in 29 dissertations and a 26-item questionnaire that illuminated the problem areas. Most dissertations were produced in the universities of Göteborg, Halmstad and Linköping; a minority had a nurse as main supervisor; rehabilitation was the most common CVN approach; very few of the dissertations had an experimental design; and the majority was hospital-based. The main trends were (A) an increase in dissertations that were written during the last 6 years, (B) an increased number of nurses as main supervisors as well as publication in nursing journals, (C) an increase in hospital care settings while a decrease in community settings, and finally, (D) an increased number of dissertations addressing the issues of tertiary prevention as well as focusing on patients and next-of-kin as target groups. An important implication is to stimulate nurse-led interventions at all preventative levels in order to maintain or improve the cardiac health of both healthy and sick individuals, but also in order to visualize CVN and distinguish it from cardiology.
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| 3. |
- Ziegert, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Professional support for next of kin of patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment : a content analysis study of nursing documentation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 16, s. 353-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim and objectives. The aim of this study was to examine the content of nursing documentation with a focus on professional support for next of kin (NoK) of patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment.Background. Professional support in nursing focuses on promotion, maintenance and restoration of health and prevention of illness.Design. The study had a descriptive design and qualitative content analysis was used to search for themes based on descriptions contained in the collected nursing documentation.Methods. The total number of nursing records of patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment (n = 50) for the 5-year period 1998–2002 was included. All nursing documentation was systematic in accordance with the VIPS-documentation model.Results. The professional support could be described within the framework of three themes: to explore NoK's supportive resources, to enable NoK’ readiness in caring for the patient and to co-operate with NoK in the care of the patient in the home, captured by the core theme which described the professional support as a continuous process.Conclusions. Next of kin are a supportive resource in the nursing care of patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment and professional support for NoK focuses on planning their participation in the care of patients in the home.Relevance to clinical practice. Professional support for NoK should be documented in family focused nursing diagnoses, which would make it possible to search for different types of support. Future research might explore nurses’ or NoK's views on carer support.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Bertil, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive finite element methods for hydrodynamic lubrication with cavitation
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 0029-5981 .- 1097-0207. ; 72:13, s. 1584-1604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an adaptive finite element method for a cavitation model based on Reynolds' equation. A posteriori error estimates and adaptive algorithms are discussed, and numerical examples illustrating the theory are supplied.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hildingh, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
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Women's experiences of recovery after myocardial infarction : a meta-synthesis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Heart & Lung. - St. Louis, MO : Mosby Inc.. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 36:6, s. 410-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Women report lower well-being, compared with men, during recovery after myocardial infarction (MI). To support women in their recovery it is important to understand their experiences from their own perspective. However, a single study using a qualitative method does not have the potential to contribute to evidence-based nursing practice, and it is therefore important to synthesize findings from several qualitative studies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to perform a meta-synthesis of findings of women's experiences of recovery after MI. Methods: A meta-synthesis with seven qualitative studies, including a total of 70 women, was performed. Results: Recovery was characterized by subordination and superordination. The women strived to preserve their self, and at the same time they were strongly oriented toward other people. Four concepts emerged: protecting, adjusting, downgrading, and succumbing. Conclusion: Women oscillate between subordination and superordination. Protecting the matriarchy and being a victim of the patriarchy shed light on this ambivalence in the same way as adjusting to the situation and succumbing to the disease do.
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| 8. |
- Lind, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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The degree of adaptive phenotypic plasticity is correlated with the spatial environmental heterogeneity experienced by island populations of Rana temporaria.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Evolutionary Biology. - : Wiley. - 1010-061X .- 1420-9101. ; 20:4, s. 1288-1297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although theoretical models have identified environmental heterogeneity as a prerequisite for the evolution of adaptive plasticity, this relationship has not yet been demonstrated experimentally. Because of pool desiccation risk, adaptation of development rate is important for many amphibians. In a simulated pool-drying experiment, we compared the development time and phenotypic plasticity in development time of populations of the common frog Rana temporaria, originating from 14 neighbouring islands off the coast of northern Sweden. Drying regime of pools used by frogs for breeding differed within and among the islands. We found that the degree of phenotypic plasticity in development time was positively correlated with the spatial variation in the pool-drying regimes present on each island. In addition, local adaptation in development time to the mean drying rate of the pools on each island was found. Hence, our study demonstrates the connection between environmental heterogeneity and developmental plasticity at the island population level, and also highlights the importance of the interplay between local specialization and phenotypic plasticity depending on the local selection pressures.
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| 9. |
- Lindwall, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Depression and exercise in elderly men and women : findings from the Swedish national study on aging and care
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. - Champaign, Illinois : Human Kinetics Publishers. - 1063-8652 .- 1543-267X. ; 15:1, s. 41-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the relationship between light and strenuous exercise and depression, as well as gender differences in this relationship, in a representative sample of 860 elderly Swedish suburb-dwelling men and women in age cohorts from 60 to 96 years, drawn from among participants in the Swedish National Aging and Care study. The relationship between depression and self-reported changes in exercise status over time was also examined. Exercise activities were measured with four survey questions, and depression, with the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale. The inactive elderly had higher depression scores than more active individuals, both in terms of light and strenuous exercise. The continuously active group had lower depression scores than both continuously inactive individuals and individuals reporting a shift from activity to inactivity during the preceding year. Light exercise had a somewhat stronger effect on depression for women.
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| 10. |
- Ericsson, Claes, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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En start för tänket, en bit på väg : Analys av ett utvecklingsprojekt kring kultur och estetik i skolan
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En start för tänket, en bit på väg beskriver och analyserar ett utvecklingsprojekt kring kultur och estetiska lärprocesser. Några skolor i Värmland deltog under tre års tid i det så kallade pilotskoleprojektet, vars huvudsyfte var att ta fram modeller för hur en estetisk dimension skulle kunna genomsyra verksamheten i skolan. Boken har både ett teoretiskt och ett praktiskt anslag. Det teoretiska yttrar sig dels i en genomgång av forskningsläget i Sverige, dels i en diskussion av undersökningsdeltagarnas sätt att definiera en estetisk lärprocess och den kunskapsbildning som kommer till stånd i en sådan. Det praktiska yttrar sig i att de respektive skolornas konkreta arbete skildras. Förutom att boken kan betraktas som en utvärdering av arbetet och sålunda kan utgöra ett underlag för diskussion och reflektion vid de deltagande skolorna, kan den ses som en kunskapsbank för andra skolor som vill fördjupa arbetet med kultur och estetik. Den torde också med fördel kunna användas inom lärarutbildningar där dess dubbla fokus på teori och praktik svarar mot den målsättning som uttrycks i styrdokumenten. Författarna Claes Ericsson och Monica Lindgren har lång erfarenhet av såväl undervisning i estetiska uttrycksmedel i skola och lärarutbildning som av forskning kring kultur och estetik i skolan.
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