| 1. |
- Hederos, Carl-Axel, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of clinically diagnosed asthma with parental assessment of children's asthma in a questionnaire
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 18:2, s. 135-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological evaluations of the prevalence of asthma are usually based on written questionnaires (WQs) in combination with validation by clinical investigation. In the present investigation, we compared parental assessment of asthma among their preschool children in response to a WQ with the corresponding medical records in the same region. An International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-based WQ was answered by 75% of the parents of 6295 children aged 1–6 yr. Clinically diagnosed asthma, recorded in connection with admissions to the hospital or a visit to any of the outpatient clinics in the same region, were analysed in parallel. Finally, a complementary WQ was sent to the parents of children identified as asthmatic by either or both of this approaches. In response to the WQ 5.9% were claimed to suffer from asthma diagnosed by a doctor. According to the medical records, the prevalence of clinically diagnosed asthma was 4.9%. The estimated prevalence among children requiring treatment for their asthma was 4.4%. The sensitivity of the WQ was 77%, the specificity 97.5%. In the 1–2 yr age group the sensitivity was only 22%. This WQ was able to identify 54% of the children with a medical record of asthma. Forty percent of the children claimed by their parents to be asthmatic had no medical record of asthma. An ISAAC-based parentally completed WQ provided an acceptable estimation of the prevalence of asthma in children 2–6 yr of age, although only half of the individual patients identified in this manner are the same as those identified clinically.
|
|
| 2. |
- Josefsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Registered nurses' education and their views on competence development in municipal elderly care in Sweden : a questionnaire survey
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 44:2, s. 245-258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recent changes of municipal elderly care in Sweden have resulted in that persons 65 years and older, previously nursed in hospital facilities, are now being cared for in the municipality. This change has had a significant impact on the work situation of registered nurses (RNs) and calls for appropriate educational preparation to enable RNs to undertake their new roles effectively. Aim: The main focus was to describe RNs' education and their view of competence development in municipal elderly care. Another aim was to compare RNs working solely in dementia care (DC) with those working in general elder care (GC) of older persons with diverse diagnoses. Design: A non-experimental, descriptive design with a survey research approach was used. Settings: Sixty special housing with subunits including those offering daytime activities in a large city in the middle of Sweden. Participants: The number of participating RNs was a total of 213, with a response rate of 62.3%. Of the 213 RNs, 95 (44.6%) worked in DC, and 118 (55.4%) in GC. Method: A questionnaire survey. Results: The findings showed that RNs possessed a broad range of competence. The majority lacked a bachelor's degree in nursing. Few had adequate specialist competence. RNs' in DC wanted to invest more in competence development whereas RNs in GC were more motivated to attain greater authority in the making of important decisions and to seek another position. Conclusion: An important future prospect is to develop the competence of RNs in elderly care. In order to ensure high quality and security in elderly care, it is also essential to increase the number of RNs with specialist competence. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 3. |
- Josefsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Work situation of registered nurses in municipal elderly care in Sweden : a questionnaire survey
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 44:1, s. 71-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Organizational changes have occurred in municipal elderly care in Sweden during the past decades. The 'Adel' reform transferred responsibility for the care of older persons from the county councils to the municipalities. Furthermore, the specialisation in dementia care divided elderly care into two groups: dementia and general care. This change has had a significant impact on the work situation of registered nurses (RNs). Aim: The main focus was to describe RNs' work situation and their characteristics in municipal elderly care. Another aim was to compare RNs working solely in dementia care with those working in general care of older persons with diverse diagnoses. Design: A non-experimental, descriptive design with a survey research approach was used. Settings: Sixty special housing units with underlying units including those offering daytime activities in a large city in the middle of Sweden. Participants: The number of participating RNs was a total of 213, with a response rate of 62.3%. Of the 213 RNs, 95 (44.6%) worked in dementia care, and 118 (55.4%) in general care. Method: A questionnaire survey. Results: The results indicated high levels of time pressure in both groups. Greater knowledge and greater emotional and conflicting demands were found in dementia care. The majority perceived a greater opportunity to plan and perform daily work tasks than to influence the work situation in a wider context. Support at work was perceived as generally high from management and fellow workers and higher in dementia care. Conclusion: It is important to decrease RNs' time pressure and increase their influence on decisions made at work. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
- Larsen, Joacim, et al.
(författare)
-
Factors associated with poor general health after stem-cell transplantation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 15:7, s. 849-857
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To describe functional status (FS), general health (GH) and symptom distress (SD) from admission to 1 year post-SCT and to identify medical, demographic, and/or patient-reported outcome variables associated with patient-perceived GH. Material and Methods: Forty-one patients (27 women) with a median age of 44 (18-65) years answered three questionnaires (SIP, SWED-QUAL, and SFID-SCT) from admission to 1 year post-SCT. Results: At discharge, 59% of the patients reported poor FS and GH, and 24% reported > 10 simultaneous symptoms. After 1 year post-SCT, 22% still reported poor FS, 32% poor GH, and 12% > 10 simultaneous symptoms. Compared with admission, significantly larger proportions of the patients reported poor GH at discharge (20 vs 59%, p = .001), poor FS at 6 months (24 vs 59%, p = .004), and poor GH [The number of symptoms was found to be significantly associated with poor GH at discharge (OR 1.330, p = .009) and at 1 year post-SCT (OR 2.000, p = .010)]. Patients reporting "poor GH" at discharge and at 1 year post-SCT reported a median of 7 and 10 symptoms, respectively. Patients with "good GH" reported a median of three symptoms both at T1 and T4. "Tiredness", "anxiety", "mouth dryness", "loss of appetite", and "diarrhoea" were reported by a larger proportion of the patients reporting "poor GH". Conclusions: The results confirm that some patients who have undergone a SCT have a negatively affected life situation. The study indicates that actively asking for symptoms and applying the best treatment for symptom alleviation are among the most important measures that SCT teams can take to help the patients perceive better general health and an improved life situation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol-related problems among adolescents and the role of a sense of coherence
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - Uppsala Univ, Cent Hosp Vasteras, Clin Res Ctr, SE-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Karlstad Univ, Dept Social Sci, Karlstad, Sweden. Lillehammer Univ Coll, Fac Hlth & Social Studies, Lillehammer, Norway. Karolinska Inst, Div Int Hlth IHCAR, Stockholm, Sweden. : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 16:2, s. 159-167
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol abuse is generally regarded as a major risk factor for antisocial problem behaviour among adolescents. On the other hand, personal coping strategies hypothetically can be seen as protective of alcohol-related behaviour problems. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of sense of coherence (SOC) on alcohol-related behavioural problems in an SOC-alcohol intoxication model. The method of study was a cross-sectional, school-based questionnaire study of 4,305, 16- and 19-year-old adolescents. We found that both a SOC and the frequency of alcohol intoxication were independently associated with alcohol-related behavioural problems. Our model shows that the combination of these two independent factors amplifies them considerably, and adolescents with a strong SOC, despite frequent intoxication, were protected to a large degree from experiencing alcohol-related problems.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of burnout in competitive adolescent athletes
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The Sport psychologist. - : Human Kinetics. - 0888-4781 .- 1543-2793. ; 21:1, s. 21-37
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the factorial validity of the Eades Burnout Inventory (EABI) and the prevalence of burnout in adolescent elite athletes and whether burnout is more common in individual sports than in team sports. The EABI was distributed to 980 athletes (402 females and 578 males) in 29 different sports. Confirmatory-factor analyses revealed an acceptable factorial validity for a theoretically supported four-factor model of the EABI. Between 1% and 9% of the athletes displayed elevated burnout scores on these four subscales. The hypothesis of higher prevalence of burnout in individual sports was, however, not supported. Furthermore, no correlation between training load and burnout scores was found. These findings suggest that factors other than training load must be considered when athletes at risk for burnout are investigated.
|
|
| 7. |
- Nestorson, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Multivariate analysis of retention and distribution of aroma compounds in barrier dispersion coatings
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Packaging Technology and Science. - : Wiley InterScience. - 0894-3214 .- 1099-1522. ; 20:5, s. 345-358
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of drying conditions, latex type, talc content and amount of added aroma compounds on the retention and distribution of aroma compounds in barrier dispersion coatings was explored using static headspace gas chromatography combined with multivariate data analysis. The model aroma system consisted of an alcohol, an ester, an aldehyde, a ketone and two terpenes. Four latex grades based on styrene-acrylate and styrene-butadiene were studied. It was found that non-polar aroma compounds were retained best in styrene-butadiene latex, while polar ones were retained more in the styrene-acrylate latex. Talc increased the retention of all the aroma compounds. The retention of polar compounds was higher with shorter drying times, which is probably due to greater losses during the later steps of the film formation process when internal water was evaporated. Polarity and talc also affected the partition of the aroma compounds between air and film.
|
|
| 8. |
- Runkel, Ingo, et al.
(författare)
-
Topological and conformal field theory as Frobenius algebras
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Categories in Algebra, Geometry and Mathematical Physics. - : American Mathematical Society (AMS). - 9780821839706 ; , s. 225-248
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) can be defined through its correlation functions. These must satisfy certain consistency conditions which arise from the cutting of world sheets along circles or intervals. The construction of a (rational) CFT can be divided into two steps, of which one is complex-analytic and one purely algebraic. We realise the algebraic part of the construction with the help of three-dimensional topological field theory and show that any symmetric special Frobenius algebra in the appropriate braided monoidal category gives rise to a solution. A special class of examples is provided by two-dimensional topological field theories, for which the relevant monoidal category is the category of vector spaces
|
|
| 9. |
- Svensson, Lennart, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
-
Hållbart arbetsliv - projekt som gästspel eller strategi i hållbar utveckling
- 2007
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hållbarhet och hållbar utveckling har blivit ledord för omställningsprocesser både på samhälls- och företagsnivå. Samtidigt sker mycket av förändringsarbetet i projektform där betoningen ofta ligger på att åstadkomma snabba resultat under en begränsad projekttid då nästa projekt redan konkurrerar om uppmärksamhet. Mera sällan fokuseras långsiktiga effekter och vad som krävs för att projekttidens aktiviteter skall överleva och bli hållbara.I boken analyserar och diskuterar författarna konflikten mellan det korta projektet och de önskade långsiktiga effekterna. Bakgrunden är ett stort nationellt hälsoprojekt inom offentlig sektor. Forskningen har varit interaktiv, dvs. ambitionen har varit att forska med - inte på - deltagarna. Bok visar att det finns många faktorer – delaktighet, förankring, ägarskap, lärande och reflektion, styrning, spridning - som behöver diskuteras och genomarbetas inför och under ett utvecklingsarbete i synnerhet om projektet har som mål att leda till långsiktiga effekter
|
|
| 10. |
- Nilsson, Magnus
(författare)
-
Who and what counts as old?
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Paper presenterat vid INTER-European Cultural Studies Conference, ACSIS, Linköpings Universitet, Norrköping 11-13 juni 2007..
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
