| 1. |
- Forestier, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Cytogenetic patterns in ETV6/RUNX1-positive pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia : A Nordic series of 245 cases and review of the literature
- 2007
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Ingår i: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1045-2257 .- 1098-2264. ; 46:5, s. 440-450
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1992 and 2004, 1,140 children (1 to <15 years) were diagnosed with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Nordic countries. Of these, 288 (25%) were positive for t(12;21)(p13;q22) [ETV6/RUNX1]. G-banding analyses were successful in 245 (85%); 43 (15%) were karyotypic failures. The modal chromosome numbers, incidence, types, and numbers of additional abnormalities, genomic imbalances, and chromosomal breakpoints in the 245 karyotypically informative cases, as well as in 152 previously reported cytogenetically characterized t(12;21)-positive ALLs in the same age group, were ascertained. The most common modal numbers among the 397 cases were 46 (67%), 47 (16%), 48 (6%), and 45 (5%). High-hyperdiploidy, triploidy, and tetraploidy were each found in 1%; none had less than 40 chromosomes. Secondary chromosomal abnormalities were identified by chromosome banding in 248 (62%) of the 397 ALLs. Of these, 172 (69%) displayed only unbalanced changes, 14 (6%) only balanced aberrations, and 26 (10%) harbored both unbalanced and balanced abnormalities; 36 (15%) were uninformative because of incomplete karyotypes. The numbers of secondary changes varied between 1 and 19, with a median of 2 additional aberrations per cytogenetically abnormal case. The most frequent genomic imbalances were deletions of 6q21-27 (18%), 8p11-23 (6%), 9p13-24 (7%), 11q23-25 (6%), 12p11-13 (27%), 13q14-34 (7%), loss of the X chromosome (8%), and gains of 10 (9%), 16 (6%), and 21 (29%); no frequent partial gains were noted. The chromosome bands most often involved in structural rearrangements were 3p21 (2%), 5q13 (2%), 6q12 (2%), 6q14 (2%), 6q16 (2%), 6q21 (10%), 6q23 (6%), 6q25 (3%), 9p13 (2%), 11q13 (2%), 11q23 (2%), 12p11 (6%), 12p12 (7%), 12p13 (25%), 21q10 (6%), and 21q22 (6%). Considering that the t(12;21) is known to arise in utero and that the postnatal latency period is protracted, additional mutations are most likely necessary for overt ALL. The frequently rearranged chromosome regions may harbor genes of importance for the transformation and/or progression of an initial preleukemic t(12;21)-positive clone.
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| 2. |
- Andersén, Jim, 1976-
(författare)
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A holistic approach to acquisition of strategic resources
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of European Industrial Training. - : Emerald. - 0309-0590 .- 1758-7425. ; 31:8, s. 660-677
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide a holistic framework for the acquisition of strategic resources.Design/methodology/approach: The literature dealing with resource creation is reviewed and analyzed from a resource-based point of view. The major methods of acquiring resources are identified through the literature review and the applicability of the framework proposed is illustrated with an empirical example.Findings: Three ways of acquiring strategic resources are identified-- direct investments, organizational processes, and product market positioning. All three ways of acquisition can be intentional or unintentional. Arguments for using this six-dimension scale are provided through deductive reasoning, literature review, and the empirical example.Research implications/limitations: The study identifies the six dimensions of strategic resource acquisition. However, integration of these dimensions is not a subject addressed in this study. Cluster analysis of companies according to these dimensions could enhance our understanding of the characteristics of companies regarding resource acquisition.Originality/value: Whereas previous studies have generally used a single-theory approach, this study highlights the importance of having a holistic outlook when analyzing resource-based competitive advantages.
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| 3. |
- Bondemark, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction : A systematic review
- 2007
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Ingår i: Angle orthodontist. - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 77:1, s. 181-191
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate morphologic stability and patient satisfaction at least 5 years after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Published literature was searched through the PubMed and Cochrane Library electronic databases from 1966 to January 2005. The search was performed by an information specialist at the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. The inclusion criteria consisted of a follow-up period of at least 5 years postretention, randomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective clinical controlled studies, and cohort studies, and orthodontic treatment including fixed or removable appliances, selective grinding, or extractions. Two reviewers extracted the data independently and also assessed the quality of the studies. Results: The search strategy resulted in 1004 abstracts or full-text articles, of which 38 met the inclusion criteria. Treatment of crowding resulted in successful dental alignment. However, the mandibular arch length and width gradually decreased, and crowding of the lower anterior teeth reoccurred postretention. This condition was unpredictable at the individual level (limited evidence). Treatment of Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with Herbst appliance normalized the occlusion. Relapse occurred but could not be predicted at the individual level (limited evidence). The scientific evidence was insufficient for conclusions on treatment of cross-bite, Angle Class III, open bite, and various other malocclusions as well as on patient satisfaction in a long-term perspective. Conclusions: This review has exposed the difficulties in drawing meaningful evidence-based conclusions often because of the inherent problems of retrospective and uncontrolled study design. © 2006 by The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation, Inc.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Isaev, E. I., et al.
(författare)
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Phonon related properties of transition metals, their carbides, and nitrides : A first-principles study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 101:12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lattice dynamics of body-centered cubic (bcc) V-b-VIb group transition metals (TM), and B1-type monocarbides and mononitrides of IIIb-VIb transition metals are studied by means of first-principles density functional perturbation theory, ultra soft pseudopotentials, and generalized gradient approximation to the exchange-correlation functional. Ground state parameters of transition metals and their compounds are correctly reproduced with the generated ultrasoft pseudopotentials. The calculated phonon spectra of the bcc metals are in excellent agreement with results of inelastic neutron scattering experiments. We show that the superconductivity of transition metal carbides (TMC) and transition metal nitrides (TMN) is related to peculiarities of the phonon spectra, and the anomalies of the spectra are connected to the number of valence electrons in crystals. The calculated electron-phonon interaction constants for TM, TMC, and TMN are in excellent agreement with experimentally determined values. Phonon spectra for a number of monocarbides and mononitrides of transition metals within the cubic NaCl- and hexagonal WC-type structures are predicted. Ideal stoichiometric B1 crystals of ScC, YC, and VC are predicted to be dynamically stable and superconducting materials. We also conclude that YN is a semiconductor.
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| 6. |
- Wilson, Stephen A., et al.
(författare)
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New materials for micro-scale sensors and actuators An engineering review
- 2007
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Ingår i: Materials science & engineering. R, Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-796X .- 1879-212X. ; 56:06-jan, s. 1-129
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides a detailed overview of developments in transducer materials technology relating to their current and future applications in micro-scale devices. Recent advances in piezoelectric, magnetostrictive and shape-memory alloy systems are discussed and emerging transducer materials such as magnetic nanoparticles, expandable micro-spheres and conductive polymers are introduced. Materials properties, transducer mechanisms and end applications are described and the potential for integration of the materials with ancillary systems components is viewed as an essential consideration. The review concludes with a short discussion of structural polymers that are extending the range of micro-fabrication techniques available to designers and production engineers beyond the limitations of silicon fabrication technology.
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| 7. |
- Simrén, Magnus, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Nutritional aspects in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders and motor dysfunction in the gut. Working team report of the Swedish Motility Group (SMoG).
- 2007
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Ingår i: Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver. - : Elsevier BV. - 1590-8658. ; 39:5, s. 495-504
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In reviews regarding the management of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders and motility disturbances within the gut nutritional aspects and dietary advice is often put forward as being of great importance. However, there are relatively few high-quality, interventional studies in the literature supporting an important role for general dietary advice to improve symptoms in these patients. Nutritional supplementation to patients with malnutrition due to severe dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract is of course less controversial, even though different views on how this should be performed exist. The content of this article is based on presentations given by the authors during the second meeting of the Swedish Motility Group held in Gothenburg in March 2005, and aims to give an overview on the role of dietary advice and nutritional supplementation to patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction of different severity.
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| 8. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Widowhood strategies in preindustrial society
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Interdisciplinary History. - : MIT Press - Journals. - 0022-1953 .- 1530-9169. ; 38:2, s. 207-232
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Berggren, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Organic bioelectronics
- 2007
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 19:20, s. 3201-3213
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last two decades, organic electroactive materials have been explored as the working material in a vast array of electronic devices, promising low-cost, flexible, and easily manufactured systems. The same materials also possess features that make them unique in bioelectronics applications, where electronic signals are translated into biosignals and vice versa. Here we review, in the broadest sense, the field of organic bioelectronics, describing the electronic properties and mechanisms of the organic electronic materials that are utilized in specific biological experiments.
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