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- Carm, Ellen, 1954-
(författare)
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Caught in Culture? : Cultural Transformation through HIV/AIDS Prevention Education in Zambia
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study explores the role and contribution of education in developing a localized and relevant HIV/AIDS prevention strategy through a multi-voiced approach, involving the educational institutions, as well as the traditional leaders, community-members, including parents. The study comprised all public schools in one Zambian province from 2002-2008. The study explores, among other factors, the role of traditional culture in mitigating and exacerbating the spread of the disease.Zambia was one of the countries hardest hit by the HIV/AIDs epidemic, and one of the few countries in the region that, in 2002, had a clear policy on the role of education in fighting the epidemic. Through the process of developing and implementing a learner-centered interactive HIV/AIDS education program in the province. based upon MOE`s HIV/AIDS policies and strategies, syllabi, and teachers guides, and at the same time emphasizing the broader community as a point of departure.The qualitative and interpretivist research was conducted within a constructivist grounded theoretical approach. The study applies comprehensive and multilayered perspectives while utilizing a broad range of methods. Documentary analyses, structured and semi-structured interviews, in depth conversations with traditional and educational leaders, teachers, parents and pupils, were all carried out during the period of the study. Nvivo, a computer-supported data analysis tool was used to support the process of categorizing the qualitative data and the study applied Cultural- and Historical Activity Theory for analytic purposes.The study revealed the mismatch between the decentralized, national HIV/AIDS prevention education approach, as stated in the policy documents and the global UNAIDS, centralized and cross-sectoral strategies favored by the Zambian government. The uncoordinated efforts did not reach the grassroots level, where professionals, at district and school level, perceived and applied policies in highly different ways, if at all reaching students and the communities.The main categories of drivers of the epidemic were of socio-cultural and economic character, e.g. polygamy, sexual cleansing, local healing, gender inequality and poverty, sexual violence, multiple concurrent sexual partners and prostitution, but there were also variety of local drivers, depending upon context.When analyzing the participatory approaches of the HIV/AIDS prevention strategy, predominantly, at the school-community level, the findings revealed that the traditional leaders, being legitimate leaders in their kingdoms, and the custodians of culture and traditions, were found to be gate openers to promote behavioral change and cultural transformation in their villages.The traditional leaders worked hand in hand with the schools and the villagers. Their involvement legitimated that discourses and HIV/AIDS prevention actions were taken at school as well as within their own chiefdom. Utilizing their traditional leadership structures, the chiefs sustained their cultural rites, e.g. cleansing, in order to chase away the evil spirits, by turning the rites into practices that do no put people at risk for contracting HIV. Particularly at the global and state level, culture has been seen as drivers of the epidemic. The study revealed that the traditional leaders used their role as significant others, became gate-openers, using their legitimate role as custodians of culture to transform cultural rites and practices.
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- Eklund, Monica, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Reading Among Students in Sweden : Recent Research and Present Trends in an International Perspective
- 2006
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of studies have been organised in Sweden, internationally on students ́ reading skills. IEA has organised the Six Subject Survey Study in 1970, the Reading Literacy Study in 1991 and PIRLS in 2001. The OECD has organised the PISA studies in 2000 and 2003.There have also been a number of studies undertaken only in Sweden. The Swedish National Agency for Education has published evaluation reports, covering the years 1992, 1995 and 2003, in which reading skills have been included. Karin Taube has been the project leader for a number of studies in different Swedish municipalities. These projects include testing of reading skills of all students in grade 3 in Stockholm 1993 –1999 and in grade 8 in Stockholm 1997 –2000.All these data some published and some not yet published, provide an opportunity to analyse questions related to students ́ reading. The data covers several years from 1970 to 2006 and concerns students in grades 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9. Some of the studies on reading allow comparisons over time. The studies organised within the framework of IEA make it possible to compare students’ reading skills in 1970, 1991 and 2001. The national assessments published by the Swedish National Agency for Education compare reading skills in 1989 (?), 1992, 1995 and 2003. The studies organised in Stockholm allows comparisons over the years 1993 to 1999 in grade 3 and 1997 to 2000 in grade 8. Also the PISA study may contribute, but only with two assessments in 2000 and 2003.Is it possible to speak about general trends based on the information available from the different studies? What may be the directions of these trends? Have reading skills among children and young people improved or do they read worse now than they used to do? How may changes in reading skills relate to changes in education policy and general changes in society during these years?
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- Fredriksson, Ulf, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparative Study of Curriculums for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Sweden and Japan
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 12:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the curriculums and implementation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in upper secondary schools in Japan and Sweden and examined and compared the policies and cases of ESD practice. The comparison showed that ESD is present in the national curriculums of both countries, but is emphasized differently. In Sweden, it is more a matter of mentioning ESD as part of the principles that guide education, while in Japan, the integration of ESD into the subject syllabus is emphasized. The schools visited strove to implement ESD in their work. ESD is not an exclusive approach in addition to other school activities, but rather a central part of the schools´ work. Many issues are included under the umbrella of ESD, not only environmental issues. International contacts are one of the most important elements of the work, but this does not exclude local engagement. In fact, the schools have established impressive networks. Project work is an important approach in supporting students’ learning about sustainable development. A prerequisite for the successful work of the schools, which all have a certain reputation in the field of ESD, is the dedication of the teachers and the equally dedicated principals who support the work.
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- Fredriksson, Ulf, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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A Decade of International and Comparative Education Research at the Department of Education, Stockholm University : Challenges and Achievements [Ett decennium av internationell och jämförande pedagogisk forskning vid institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, Stockholms universitet: Utmaningar och resultat]
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Department of Education at Stockholm University. - Stockholm : Bokförlaget Atlas. - 9789174450385 ; , s. 95-120
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research group on International and Comparative Education builds on earlier traditions in the field from Stockholm University and is nowadays an integrated part of the Department of Education. This chapter begins with a retrospective view of the history of international and comparative education at Stockholm University. It describes the development of this research field at the Department of Education and the work with partner organisations, universities and colleagues. The chapter will also touch on the Master’s Program in International and Comparative Education. The current function of international and comparative education at the department in 2021 will be described and discussed as the group continues to develop research with local, national and international scholars, research organisations, colleagues and other educational actors.
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- Fredriksson, Ulf, 1954-
(författare)
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Allt sämre skolresultat
- 2015
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Ingår i: Socionomen. - 0283-1929. ; :1, s. 26-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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