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| 2. |
- Fhager, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(author)
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A statistical approach to gradient scaling microwave tomography
- 2007
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In: Proceedings of EMB 07, computational electromagnetis, methods and applications, Lund, Sweden. ; , s. 153-160, s. 153-160, s. 153-160
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fhager, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Image Reconstruction in Microwave Tomography Using a Dielectric Debye Model
- 2012
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In: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. - 0018-9294 .- 1558-2531. ; 59:1, s. 156 - 166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, quantitative dielectric image reconstruction based on broadband microwave measurements is investigated. A time-domain-based algorithm is derived where Debye model parameters are reconstructed in order to take into account the strong dispersive behavior found in biological tissue. The algorithm is tested with experimental and numerical data in order to verify the algorithm and to investigate improvements in the reconstructed image resulting from the improved description of the dielectric properties of the tissue when using broadband data. The comparison is made in relation to the more commonly used conductivity model. For the evaluation, two examples were considered, the first was a lossy saline solution and the second was less lossy tap water. Both liquids are strongly dispersive and used as a background medium in the imaging examples. The results show that the Debye model algorithm is of most importance in the tap water for a bandwidth of more than 1.5 GHz. Also the saline solution exhibits a dispersive behavior but since the losses restrict the useful bandwidth, the Debye model is of less significance even if somewhat larger and stronger artifacts can be seen in the conductivity model reconstructions.
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| 5. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Absorption Efficiency and Physical Bounds on Antennas
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Antennas and Propagation. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5869 .- 1687-5877. ; 2010
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract—The all spectrum absorption efficiency appears in the physical bounds on antennas expressed in the polarizability dyadics. Here, it is shown that this generalized absorption efficiency is close to 1/2 for small idealized dipole antennas and for antennas with a dominant resonance in their absorption. Also, the usefulness of this parameter is analyzed for estimation of antenna performance. The results are illustrated with numerical data for several antennas.
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| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Bandwidth, Q factor, and resonance models of antennas
- 2006
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In: Progress in Electromagnetics Research PIER. - 1070-4698. ; 62, s. 1-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce a first order accurate resonance model based on a second order Pade approximation of the reflection coefficient of a narrowband antenna. The resonance model is characterized by its Q factor, given by the frequency derivative of the reflection coefficient. The Bode-Fano matching theory is used to determine the bandwidth of the resonance model and it is shown that it also determines the bandwidth of the antenna for sufficiently narrow bandwidths. The bandwidth is expressed in the Q factor of the resonance model and the threshold limit on the reflection coefficient. Spherical vector modes are used to illustrate the results. Finally, we demonstrate the fundamental difficulty of finding a simple relation between the Q of the resonance model, and the classical Q defined as the quotient between the stored and radiated energies, even though there is usually a close resemblance between these entities for many real antennas.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds for Inverse Scattering Problems of Multilayer Structures
- 2006
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In: Inverse Problems. - : IOP Publishing. ; 22:4, s. 1359-1380, s. 1-1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, the inverse scattering problem of amultilayer structure is analysed with the Fisher information matrix and the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB). The CRLB quantifies the ill-posedness of the inverse scattering problem in terms of resolution versus estimation accuracy based on the observation of noisy data. The limit for feasible inversion is identified by an asymptotic eigenvalue analysis of the Toeplitz Fisher information matrix and an application of the sampling theorem. It is shown that the resolution is inversely proportional to the bandwidth of the reflection data and that the CRLB increases linearly with the number of slabs. The transmission data give a rank-1 Fisher information matrix which can approximately reduce the CRLB by a factor of 4. Moreover, the effect of dispersive material parameters and simultaneous estimation of two material parameters are analysed. The results are illustrated with numerical examples.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Optimal Antenna Currents for Q, Superdirectivity, and Radiation Patterns Using Convex Optimization
- 2013
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In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. - 0018-926X .- 1558-2221. ; 61:3, s. 1109-1118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The high Q-factor (low bandwidth) and low efficiency make the design of small antennas challenging. Here, convex optimization is used to determine current distributions that provide upper bounds on the antenna performance. Optimization formulations for maximal gain Q-factor quotient, minimal Q-factor for superdirectivity, and minimum Q for given far-fields are presented. The effects of antennas embedded in structures are also discussed. The results are illustrated for planar geometries.
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Physical bounds and sum rules in scattering and antenna theory
- 2009
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In: Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, 2009. ICEAA '09. International Conference on. ; , s. 600-603, s. 600-603
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to review some recently developed sum rules and physical bounds in scattering and antenna theory. The sum rules are based on identities for Herglotz functions that relate the quantity of interest integrated over all wavelengths with its static polarizability dyadics. They are transformed to physical bounds by applying variational principles for the polarizability dyadics together with various estimates of the integrals. The theoretical findings are exemplified by numerical results for several configurations.
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Electromagnetic dispersion modeling and measurements for HVDC power cables
- 2014
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In: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. - : IEEE Press. - 0885-8977 .- 1937-4208. ; 29:6, s. 2439-2447
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper provides a general framework for electromagnetic (EM) modeling, sensitivity analysis, computation, and measurements regarding the wave propagation characteristics of high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power cables. The modeling is motivated by the potential use with transient analysis, partial-discharge measurements, fault localization and monitoring, and is focused on very long (10 km or more) HVDC power cables with transients propagating in the low-frequency regime of about 0-100 kHz. An exact dispersion relation is formulated together with a discussion on practical aspects regarding the computation of the propagation constant. Experimental time-domain measurement data from an 80-km-long HVDC power cable are used to validate the electromagnetic model, and a mismatch calibration procedure is devised to account for the connection between the measurement equipment and the cable. Quantitative sensitivity analysis is devised to study the impact of parameter uncertainty on wave propagation characteristics. The sensitivity analysis can be used to study how material choices affect the propagation characteristics, and to indicate which material parameters need to be identified accurately in order to achieve accurate fault localization. The analysis shows that the sensitivity of the propagation constant due to a change in the conductivity in the three metallic layers (the inner conductor, the intermediate lead shield, and the outer steel armor) is comparable to the sensitivity with respect to the permittivity of the insulating layer. Hence, proper modeling of the EM fields inside the metallic layers is crucial in the low-frequency regime of 0-100 kHz.
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