| 1. |
- Feckler, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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A glance into the black box: Novel species-specific quantitative real-time PCR assays to disentangle aquatic hyphomycete community composition
- 2019
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Ingår i: Fungal Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1754-5048 .- 1878-0083. ; 42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aquatic hyphomycetes (AH) are ubiquitous fungi playing a key role in the decomposition of leaf litter in streams. Though their functional performance is modulated by their community composition, this ecological relationship remains poorly investigated due to a lack of suitable methods to identify the biomass-contribution of individual species to AH communities. We, therefore, designed and validated TaqMan (R) probe-based qPCR assays targeting ten AH species common in temperate regions, allowing detection and quantification of these species within complex communities. In a further step, we compared qPCR-obtained DNA levels to concentrations of the traditional fungal biomass proxy ergosterol. We demonstrate that the qPCR assays are valid for use and that DNA and ergosterol concentrations were significantly positively correlated, suggesting DNA levels as a suitable species-specific biomass proxy. Accordingly, the use of these assays may facilitate multi-species experiments to address major research issues in stress and community ecology including biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Agius, Stephanie C
(författare)
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Pyridine Nucleotides in Plant Mitochondria. Amounts, metabolism and contribution to electron transport
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- HPLC analysis was used for direct quantification of amounts and redox levels of pyridine nucleotides in plant mitochondria. The amount of NAD(H) and NADP+ varied, 1.0-3.7 and 0-0.5 nmol (mg protein)-1, respectively, depending on the species from which nucleotides were extracted. NADPH was never detected. Submitochondrial localisation of NAD+-degrading enzymes indicated that matrix NAD+ diffuses intact across the inner mitochondrial membrane and is metabolised by NAD+-catabolising enzymes in the outer membrane. NAD pyrophosphatase activity was identified as being involved in the pyridine nucleotide degradation. During malate oxidation by isolated Solanum tuberosum mitochondria, the highest levels of NAD(H) reduction were obtained when malic enzyme was active. The lowest NAD(H) reduction levels were seen when conditions favoured malate dehydrogenase activity. Rotenone increased the reduction level of intramitochondrial NADH. Diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibited malate oxidation in the presence of rotenone in isolated mitochondria. This result indicated participation of matrix NADPH and the internal rotenone-insensitive, DPI-sensitive, NADPH dehydrogenase during malate oxidation. Antisera raised against peptides deduced from two S. tuberosum genes (nda1 and ndb1), homologous to the yeast genes for the internal and external NADH:ubiquinone dehydrogenases specifically cross-reacted with 48 and 61 kDa polypeptides in potato tuber mitochondria, respectively. Native NDA1 and NDB1 occurred as higher molecular mass forms, and show different association to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The physiological significance of pyridine nucleotide turnover and occurrence of multiple NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in the inner mitochondrial membrane is discussed.
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| 6. |
- Aleksandrov, E, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging streams of institutional theory in accounting research : current status and future directions
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to reflect upon the emerging streams of institutional theory, their application and influence on the accounting research of the last decade. Specifically, the paper’s ambition is to review and understand the role of institutional logics (IL), institutional entrepreneurship (IE) and institutional work (IW) in accounting research. These streams of institutional theory become increasingly valuable in accounting research for their explanatory capacities. At the same time, but their application, especially in a combined form, can also raise criticalities within theoretical pluralism agenda. We compile a structured literature review of articles published in scientific journals in the accounting field (levels 4 and 3 in ABS list). We examine the way how current accounting literature utilizes the selected institutional streams of accounting theory, how the theories or their combination (if any) are justified and used in a flow of argument for the understanding of accounting practice.
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| 7. |
- Aleksandrov, E, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging streams of intitutional theory in accounting research : current status and future directions
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- More than 30 years have passed since first calls to see accounting as social and institutional practice (Burchell et al., 1980; Hopwood, 1987; Hopwood & Miller, 1994). During these years, a significant number of theories have been striving to extend and challenge the hegemony of particular ways of seeing accounting (Jacobs, 2012) with acknowledging the need for inter-disciplinary approach and theoretical pluralism in contemporary studies. Within this theoretical pluralism, the institutional theory was recognized as one of the dominating theories in accounting research during last decades (Jacobs, 2012; Lounsbury, 2008; Modell, 2015).However, despite acknowledging the paradigmatic developments of institutional theory into several streams in organisational science (DiMaggio, 1988; Lawrence et al., 2009, 2011; Oliver, 1991; Thornton et al., 2012), few attempts were done to make a separate review of these streams and their value for accounting literature (Modell, 2009). Here, influential work of Lounsbury (2008) rather reflected organizational science literature with seeing accounting as a context which can give crucial insights into institutional and practice theories rather than vice versa. Jacobs (2012) in his study of theoretical pluralism in accounting research during 1992-2008 acknowledged the institutional theory domination but made few reflections on its progressions and implications for seeing accounting as social and institutional practice. And finally, more recent studies of Modell and his colleagues (Modell, 2015; Modell et al., 2017) made overviews of two streams of institutional theory (e.g. logic and work) and institutional theory combination possibility with other theories. While giving the valuable insights into understanding of issues related to theories combinations in accounting, these studies hardly review the accounting literature related to institutional theory streams which were criticised for apolitical nature but at the same time acknowledged as self-sufficient.Therefore, it seems that current studies rather ignore or criticize specific institutional theory streams, jumping into possible theory combinations agenda without revealing the value of these streams for accounting research. Such tendency may potentially lead to marginalization of accounting knowledge (Jacobs, 2016; Jacobs & Cuganesan, 2014) with the use of these streams under the quest for contribution to the interdisciplinary literature.In this regard, this paper aims to reflect upon the emerging streams of institutional theory, their application and influence on the accounting research of the last decade. Specifically, the paper’s ambition is to review and understand the role of institutional logics (IL), institutional entrepreneurship (IE) and institutional work (IW) in accounting research. These streams of institutional theory become increasingly valuable in accounting research for their explanatory capacities. But at the same time, but their application, especially in a combined form, can also raise criticalities within theoretical pluralism agenda. Therefore, we construct our research questions as:How have the emerging stream of institutional theory (IL, IE and IW) been used by accounting scholars?How have these streams influenced accounting research? What could be done in the future accounting research using emerging streams of institutional theory?In order to answer these research questions, we compile a structured literature review (Massaro et al., 2016) of articles published in scientific journals in the accounting field (levels 4 and 3 in ABS list). As a frame for analysis of the paper, we use conceptual clarification and analytical framework proposed by Lukka and Vinnari (2014) who made a distinction between domain theory and method theory in order to capture the relations between common knowledge about accounting as a social practice and the theories used to extend this knowledge. Applying to our paper, domain theory refers particularly to a set of knowledge about accounting as social and institutional practice. Method theory (i.e. IL, IE, IW) is a meta-level conceptual system, which can offer alternative perspectives and add new understanding/insights into domain theory. Following this analytical distinction, we examine the way how current accounting literature utilizes the selected institutional streams in domain-method dimension, how the theory or their combination (if any) are justified and used in a flow of argument for understanding of accounting practice.
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| 8. |
- Ali, Ayaz, et al.
(författare)
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Empirical Auto-tuning Code Generator for FFT and Trigonometric Transforms
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an automatic, empirically tuned code genenrator for Real/Complex FFT and Trigonometric Transforms. The code generator is part of an adaptive and portable FFT computation framework - UHFFT. Performance portability over varying architectures is achieved by generating highly optimized set of straight line C codelets (micro-kernel) that adapt to the microprocessor architecture. The tuning is performed by generating several variants of same size codelet with different combinations of optimization parameters. The variants are iteratively compiled and evaluated to find the best implementation on a given platform. Apart from minimizing the operation count, the code generator optimizes for access pattern, register blocking, instruction schedule and structure of arrays. We present details of the optimizations conducted at several stages and the performance gain at each of those levels. We conclude the paper with discussion of the overall performance improvements due to this aggressive approach to generating optimized FFT kernels.
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| 9. |
- Ananthakrishnan, Gopal, et al.
(författare)
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Using Imitation to learn Infant-Adult Acoustic Mappings
- 2011
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Ingår i: 12th Annual Conference Of The International Speech Communication Association 2011 (INTERSPEECH 2011), Vols 1-5. - : ISCA. - 9781618392701 ; , s. 772-775
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses a model which conceptually demonstrates how infants could learn the normalization between infant-adult acoustics. The model proposes that the mapping can be inferred from the topological correspondences between the adult and infant acoustic spaces, that are clustered separately in an unsupervised manner. The model requires feedback from the adult in order to select the right topology for clustering, which is a crucial aspect of the model. The feedback Is in terms of an overall rating of the imitation effort by the infant, rather than a frame-by-frame correspondence. Using synthetic, but continuous speech data, we demonstrate that clusters, which have a good topological correspondence, are perceived to be similar by a phonetically trained listener.
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| 10. |
- Andersen, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Status of the Euro50 project
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 5489:1, s. 407-416
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Euro50 is an extremely large telescope for optical and infrared wavelength with a 50 m primary mirror. It has a segmented, aspherical primary mirror and an aspherical, deformable secondary in a Gregorian layout. A tentative conceptual design exists and has been documented in a study report. Recent activities have concentrated on the science case for extremely large telescopes in the 50 m class and on identification of potential technical "show stoppers". The science case investigation has identified four fields of particular interest. The studies of critical technical issues have concentrated on atmospheric dispersion effects for high-resolution adaptive optics for extremely large telescopes, and on the influence of wind and other disturbances on wavefront control. Wind load on the telescope, the primary mirror and the enclosure has been studied using wind tunnel measurements and computational fluid dynamics. The impact of wind on the total system has been investigated using an integrated model that includes the telescope structure, the primary mirror segment alignment system, the secondary mirror alignment system, and single conjugate adaptive optics using the deformable secondary mirror. The first, tentative results show that wind disturbances may be significant and that the task of correcting for wind residuals may be at least as large for the adaptive optics system as that of correcting for atmospheric aberrations. The results suggest that use of extremely large telescopes for observations of earth-like planets around nearby stars may imply a considerable challenge
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