| 1. |
- Dalarsson, Mariana, et al.
(författare)
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Absorption and optimal plasmonic resonances for small ellipsoidal particles in lossy media
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 50:34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new simplified formula is derived for the absorption cross section of small dielectric ellipsoidal particles embedded in lossy media. The new expression leads directly to a closed form solution for the optimal conjugate match with respect to the surrounding medium, i.e. the optimal permittivity of the ellipsoidal particle that maximizes the absorption at any given frequency. This defines the optimal plasmonic resonance for the ellipsoid. The optimal conjugate match represents a metamaterial in the sense that the corresponding optimal permittivity function may have negative real part (inductive properties), and can not in general be implemented as a passive material over a given bandwidth. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived for the feasibility of tuning the Drude model to the optimal conjugate match at a single frequency, and it is found that all the prolate spheroids and some of the (not too flat) oblate spheroids can be tuned into optimal plasmonic resonance at any desired center frequency. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the analysis. Except for the general understanding of plasmonic resonances in lossy media, it is also anticipated that the new results can be useful for feasibility studies with e.g. the radiotherapeutic hyperthermia based methods to treat cancer based on electrophoretic heating in gold nanoparticle suspensions using microwave radiation.
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| 2. |
- Ericsson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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A combined electromagnetic and acoustic analysis of a triaxial carbon fiber weave for reflector antenna applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: Aerospace Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1270-9638 .- 1626-3219. ; 58, s. 401-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fiber composites are widely used for space applications such as antennas, solar panels and spacecraft support structures. This paper presents a combined electromagnetic and acoustic analysis of a triaxial carbon fiber weave structure, designed for ultra lightweight reflector antennas in satellite communication systems. The electromagnetic and acoustic performance of the structure are analyzed over a wide range of parametric studies, both at a microscopic and mesoscopic length scale. The electromagnetic study indicates that the main parameter governing the electromagnetic reflection performance of the weave is the electric conductivity of the carbon fibers, given that the weave structure is significantly smaller than the wavelength of the incident signals. The acoustic study identifies a critical threshold in the mesoscale geometry in order to avoid a critically high resistive behavior of the weave structure, driven by viscous effects. Design guidelines are drawn from these analyses in order to achieve a trade-off between the electromagnetic reflection properties and the resistance to acoustic loading of such composite materials. These combined analyses allow to deepen the understanding from both an electromagnetic and acoustic perspective in order to open for some new design possibilities.
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| 3. |
- Gustafsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Physical bounds on the partial realized gain
- 2010
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An antenna identity, derived from the forward scattering sum rule, shows that the partial realized gain of an antenna is related to the polarizability of the antenna structure. The partial realized gain contains the mismatch, directivity, efficiency, and polarization properties of the antenna. The antenna identity expresses how the performance depends on the electrical size and shape of the antenna structure. It is also the starting point for several antenna bounds. In this paper, the identity, its associated physical bounds, and computational aspects of the polarizability dyadics are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Helander, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Antennas in Cellular Handsets
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. - 1536-1225 .- 1548-5757. ; 15, s. 504-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This letter discusses the usage of high-gain steerable antenna arrays operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies for future cellular networks (5G). Based on the probable outline of the 5G networks, a method for characterizing phased array antennas in cellular handsets has been introduced. For analyzing the performance, the total scan pattern of the array configuration together with its respective coverage efficiency are essential to consider in order to compare different antenna designs and topology approaches with each other. Two design approaches and subarray schemes of these have been considered in order to illustrate the relevance of such a characterization method. The results show the importance of evaluating potential array antennas in such manners. The method can be applied to much more complex system models, where polarization diversity, hand and body effect, and statistical modeling of the channel may be included.
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| 5. |
- Nedic, Mitja, et al.
(författare)
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Herglotz functions and applications in electromagnetics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Mathematical Methods for Electromagnetics. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. - 9781785613845 - 9781785613852 ; , s. 491-514
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Herglotz functions inevitably appear in pure mathematics, mathematical physics, and engineering with a wide range of applications. In particular, they are the pertinent functions to model passive systems, and thus appear in modeling of electromagnetic phenomena in circuits, antennas, materials, and scattering. In this chapter, we review the basic theory of Herglotz functions and its applications to determine sum rules and physical bounds for passive systems.
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| 6. |
- Nordebo, Sven, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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A parametric model for the changes in the complex valued conductivity of a lung during tidal breathing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 51:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Classical homogenization theory based on the Hashin-Shtrikman coated ellipsoids is used to model the changes in the complex valued conductivity (or admittivity) of a lung during tidal breathing. Here, the lung is modeled as a two-phase composite material where the alveolar air-filling corresponds to the inclusion phase. The theory predicts a linear relationship between the real and the imaginary parts of the change in the complex valued conductivity of a lung during tidal breathing, and where the loss cotangent of the change is approximately the same as of the effective background conductivity and hence easy to estimate. The theory is illustrated with numerical examples based on realistic parameter values and frequency ranges used with electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The theory may be potentially useful for imaging and clinical evaluations in connection with lung EIT for respiratory management and control.
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| 7. |
- Nordebo, Sven, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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On the physical limitations for radio frequency absorption in gold nanoparticle suspensions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 50:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a study of the physical limitations for radio frequency absorption in gold nanoparticle (GNP) suspensions. A spherical geometry is considered consisting of a spherical suspension of colloidal GNPs characterized as an arbitrary passive dielectric material which is immersed in an arbitrary lossy medium. A relative heating coefficient and a corresponding optimal near field excitation are defined, taking the skin effect of the surrounding medium into account. The classical Mie theory for lossy media is also revisited, and it is shown that the optimal permittivity function yielding a maximal absorption inside the spherical suspension is a conjugate match with respect to the surrounding lossy material. A convex optimization approach is used to investigate the broadband realizability of an arbitrary passive material to approximate the desired conjugate match over a finite bandwidth, similar to the approximation of a metamaterial. A narrowband realizability study shows that for a surrounding medium consisting of a weak electrolyte solution, the electromagnetic heating, due to the electrophoretic (plasmonic) resonance phenomena inside the spherical GNP suspension, can be significant in the microwave regime, provided that the related Drude parameters can be tuned into (or near to) resonance. As a demonstration, some realistic Drude parameters are investigated concerning the volume fraction, mass, and friction constant of the GNPs. The amount of charge that can be accommodated by the GNPs is identified as one of the most important design parameters. However, the problem of reliably modelling, measuring and controlling the charge number of coated GNPs is not yet fully understood, and is still an open research issue in this field. The presented theory and related physical limitations provide a useful framework for further research in this direction. Future research is also aimed at an expansion towards arbitrary suspension geometries and the inclusion of thermodynamical analysis.
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| 8. |
- Ramprecht, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Biased magnetic materials in RAM applications
- 2007
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Ingår i: Progress in Electromagnetics Research. - 1559-8985 .- 1070-4698. ; 75, s. 85-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The magnetization of a ferro- or ferri-magnetic material has been modeled with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. In this model demagnetization effects are included. By applying a linearized small signal model of the LLG equation, it was found that the material can be described by an effective permeability and with the aid of a static external biasing field, the material can be switched between a Lorentz-like material and a material that exhibits a magnetic conductivity. Furthermore, the reflection coefficient for normally impinging waves on a PEC covered with a ferro/ferri-magnetic material, biased in the normal direction, is calculated. When the material is switched into the resonance mode, two distinct resonance frequencies in the reflection coefficient were found, one associated with the precession frequency of the magnetization and the other associated with the thickness of the layer. The former of these resonance frequencies can be controlled by the bias field and for a bias field strength close to the saturation magnetization, where the material starts to exhibit a magnetic conductivity, low reflection ( around - 20 dB) for a quite large bandwidth ( more than two decades) can be achieved.
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| 9. |
- Ramprecht, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic Losses in Composite Materials
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 41:13, s. 135005-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss some of the problems involved in homogenization of a composite material built from ferromagnetic inclusions in a nonmagnetic background material. The small signal permeability for a ferromagnetic spherical particle is combined with a homogenization formula to give an effective permeability for the composite material. The composite material inherits the gyrotropic structure and resonant behaviour of the single particle. The resonance frequency of the composite material is found to be independent of the volume fraction, unlike dielectric composite materials. The magnetic losses are described by a magnetic conductivity which can be made independent of frequency and proportional to the volume fraction by choosing a certain bias. Finally, some concerns regarding particles of small size, i.e. nanoparticles, are treated and the possibility of exciting exchange modes are discussed. These exchange modes may be an interesting way to increase losses in composite materials.
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| 10. |
- Ramprecht, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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On the amount of magnetic material necessary in broadband magnetic absorbers
- 2008
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Ingår i: 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (AP-S 2008). - 9781424420414 ; , s. 1412-1415
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we have examined the use of ferromagnetic particles for thin broadband RAMs. The permeability of the composite material was obtained from a well tested model for ferromagnetic materials and a result from homogenization theory. It was found that the resonance frequency of the composite is independent of the volume fraction of the particles and that a magnetic conductivity proportional to the volume fraction exists. Furthermore, we showed that a certain amount of magnetic material is required in order to maintain a low reflection and that there exists a lower bound on how thin we could expect the absorber to be. Numerical calculations show that, though thin, the RAM tends to be quite heavy, which might prevent the use of ferromagnetic material in RAM applications. These results may serve as guidelines when designing thin broadband RAMs.
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