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- Samils, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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The Socioeconomic Impact of Truffle Cultivation in Rural Spain
- 2008
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Ingår i: Economic Botany. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0013-0001 .- 1874-9364. ; 62:3, s. 331-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Socioeconomic Impact of Truffle Cultivation in Rural Spain. Commercial black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) plantations have been promoted in Europe with the intention of benefiting rural economies while conserving biodiversity through the expansion of oak woodlands. In this context, a socioeconomic study was conducted around the town of Sarrion in eastern Spain, where government subsidies have supported oak reforestation and truffle cultivation in unproductive hilly areas since 1987. Currently there are about 4,500 ha of truffle orchards in the surrounding county and 530 members in the local truffle association, which has provided a key forum for truffle cultivators to share technical, financial and administrative experiences. Structured interviews were carried out in 2002 with a number of orchard owners, as well as representatives of financial and governmental institutions. Truffles, which are harvested using trained dogs, typically fetch local cultivators average prices of 220-670 EUR/kg, although retail prices of high-quality specimens may reach twice this amount. In addition to the direct economic impact, an increase in local land prices was also documented, as well as a tendency for continued expansion of truffle orchards, and thus oak reforestation. In conclusion, the promotion of truffle cultivation through autonomous community and provincial government subsidies, in conjunction with support by local banks, a dedicated local truffle association, and growing interest on behalf of local farmers, seems to have achieved the mutual goals of biodiversity conservation and improving the rural economy in this region of Spain.
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Termlista
- 2021
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Voss, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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The Choline-binding Protein PspC of Streptococcus pneumoniae Interacts with the C-terminal Heparin-binding Domain of Vitronectin
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 288:22, s. 15614-15627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae is directly mediated by interactions of adhesins with eukaryotic cellular receptors or indirectly by exploiting matrix and serum proteins as molecular bridges. Pneumococci engage vitronectin, the human adhesive glycoprotein and complement inhibitor, to facilitate attachment to epithelial cells of the mucosal cavity, thereby modulating host cell signaling. In this study, we identified PspC as a vitronectin-binding protein interacting with the C-terminal heparin-binding domain of vitronectin. PspC is a multifunctional surface-exposed choline-binding protein displaying various adhesive properties. Vitronectin binding required the R domains in the mature PspC protein, which are also essential for the interaction with the ectodomain of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor and secretory IgA. Consequently, secretory IgA competitively inhibited binding of vitronectin to purified PspC and to PspC-expressing pneumococci. In contrast, Factor H, which binds to the N-terminal part of mature PspC molecules, did not interfere with the PspC-vitronectin interaction. Using a series of vitronectin peptides, the C-terminal heparin-binding domain was shown to be essential for the interaction of soluble vitronectin with PspC. Binding experiments with immobilized vitronectin suggested a region N-terminal to the identified heparin-binding domain as an additional binding region for PspC, suggesting that soluble, immobilized, as well as cellularly bound vitronectin possesses different conformations. Finally, vitronectin bound to PspC was functionally active and inhibited the deposition of the terminal complement complex. In conclusion, this study identifies and characterizes (on the molecular level) the interaction between the pneumococcal adhesin PspC and the human glycoprotein vitronectin.
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| 6. |
- Huang, Fei, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative evaluation of thin-layer thickness and CO2 mass utilizing seismic complex decomposition at the Ketzin CO2 storage site, Germany
- 2016
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Ingår i: Geophysical Journal International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0956-540X .- 1365-246X. ; 207:1, s. 160-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determining thin layer thickness is very important for reservoir characterization and CO2 quantification. Given its high time-frequency resolution and robustness, the complex spectral decomposition method was applied on time-lapse 3D seismic data from the Ketzin pilot site for CO2 storage to evaluate the frequency-dependent characteristics of thin layers at the injection level. Higher temporal resolution and more stratigraphic details are seen in the all-frequency and monochromatic reflectivity amplitude sections obtained by complex spectral decomposition compared to the stacked sections. The mapped geologic discontinuities within the reservoir are consistent with the preferred orientation of CO2 propagation. Tuning frequency mapping shows the thicknesses of the reservoir sandstone and gaseous CO2 is consistent with the measured thickness of the sandstone unit from well logging. An attempt to discriminate between pressure effects and CO2 saturation using the extracted tuning frequency indicates that CO2 saturation is the main contributor to the amplitude anomaly at the Ketzin site. On the basis of determined thickness of gaseous CO2 in the reservoir, quantitative analysis of the amount of CO2 was performed and shows a discrepancy between the injected and calculated CO2 mass. This may be explained by several uncertainties, like structural reservoir heterogeneity, a limited understanding of the complex subsurface conditions, error of determined tuning frequency, the presence of ambient noise and ongoing CO2 dissolution.
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| 7. |
- Molin, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing on Students' Multilingual Resources in Primary School Classrooms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Educational research Association, 3-5/11 2021 Odense.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes an ongoing practice-centred research project aiming to identify and develop knowledge about teaching- and learning processes that, by drawing on students' resources, enhance the quality and the equality of multilingual classroom practices. The project is carried out in collaboration with the principal and teachers in a diverse and urban school setting and includes four iterative intervention cycles. The activities are based on the participont teachers' continuous dialogue and reflection regarding their own teaching. Drawing on data from online logbooks and regular collegial meetings, we will present preliminary results regarding the shared aim of the research project from both the participont teachers and researchers· perspectives. In this way, we will highlight approaches of expectations and challenges regarding what is perceived as a shared aim of translanguaging pedagogies.
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- Menkis, Audrius
(författare)
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Distribution and genetic diversity of the root-rot pathogen Neonectria macrodidyma in a forest nursery
- 2012
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Ingår i: Forest Pathology. - : Wiley. - 1437-4781 .- 1439-0329. ; 42, s. 79-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity and spatial distribution of 123 strains of the root-rot pathogen Neonectria macrodidyma isolated from fine living roots of bare-root nursery cultivated Pinus sylvestris. We found that ITS rDNA sequences were 100% identical for all strains. Arbitrary primed PCR fragment analysis showed the presence of two distinct N. macrodidyma types (Type 1 and Type 2), which included respectively 11 and 14 genotypes composed of 129 strains. Results of this study indicate that N. macrodidyma is commonly associated with fine living roots of pine seedlings, is largely disseminated by asexual means of local genotypes and has even distribution in the forest nursery soils. In living roots, N. macrodidyma is likely present as dormant propagules but under favourable conditions, it may develop rapidly and have a significant negative effect on plant health and productivity.
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