| 1. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) in obese with asthma symptoms: Data from the population study INTERGENE/ADONIX
- 2011
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 139:5, s. 1109-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and asthma. However, it is uncertain if fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), which is used as a marker of airway inflammation, and atopy are associated with BMI. The aim was to examine if obese with asthma symptoms have a different phenotype of asthma than non-obese as indicated by FENO. METHODS: The subjects (n=2187) consist of women and men, aged 25-74, living in Gothenburg, Sweden, participating in the randomly selected INTERGENE study cohort. Measurements include anthropometric measures, bioelectric impedance, FENO, pulmonary function, blood samples for IgE and questionnaires including items on respiratory symptoms. Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m(2). In this cross-sectional analysis, general linear models were used to analyse how FENO was associated with anthropometry, body composition, wheezing and atopy. RESULTS: In non-obese subjects, wheezing was associated with raised FENO and atopy, whereas, in contrast, obese with wheezing had lower FENO than obese without wheezing (16.1 v.s. 19.1 ppb, p<0.01). The prevalence of atopy was similar in both those sub-groups (25.0 v.s. 20.7%, p=0.4). Similarly, in 395 subjects (19%) who reported wheezing, FENO was negatively associated with BMI, waist-hip ratio and percentage of body fat, while no significant relationships were observed in those without respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Wheezing was significantly associated with reduced FENO in obese subjects, whereas there was a positive association between wheezing and FENO among the non-obese, indicating a possible difference in asthma phenotype, based on body weight.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Eating patterns and portion size associated with obesity in a Swedish population.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Appetite. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-8304 .- 0195-6663. ; 52:1, s. 21-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to describe the association between meal pattern and obesity. The study is based on data from the INTERGENE research programme, and the study population consists of randomly selected women and men, aged 25-74, living in the V?stra G?taland Region in Sweden. A total of 3610 were examined. Participants with measured BMI>/=30 were compared with others (BMI<30) with respect to questionnaire data on habitual meal patterns and intake of energy estimated from food frequencies and standard portions. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were adjusted for age, sex, smoking and physical activity in logistic regression models. Being obese was significantly associated with omitting breakfast, OR 1.41 (1.05-1.90), omitting lunch OR 1.31 (1.04-1.66) and eating at night OR 1.62 (1.10-2.39). Obesity was also related to significantly larger self-reported portion sizes of main meals. No statistically significant relationship with intake of total energy was revealed. Thus, the results indicate that examination of meal patterns and portion sizes might tell us more about obesogenic food patterns than traditional nutrient analyses of food frequencies. Being obese was associated with a meal pattern shifted to later in the day and significantly larger self-reported portions of main meals.
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| 3. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Food patterns and cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Swedish INTERGENE research program.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 88:2, s. 289-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Analyzing the impact of the intake of many foods simultaneously provides additional knowledge about analyses of nutrients and might make it easier to implement recommendations for the public. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine food patterns in a Swedish population and determine how they are related to metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. DESIGN: The study is based on data from the INTERGENE population study of women and men aged 25-74 y in western Sweden. Dietary patterns were identified with cluster analysis of 93 food frequencies reported by 3452 participants. Associations with features of the metabolic syndrome, including blood lipids, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures, were analyzed. RESULTS: Five distinct food patterns were identified, of which one was interpreted as a "healthy" reference pattern. This healthy cluster was distinguished by more frequent consumption of high-fiber and low-fat foods and lower consumption of products rich in fat and sugar. The 4 other clusters differed significantly from the reference cluster with respect to prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and the metabolic syndrome. For example, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were significantly higher in a cluster characterized by high consumption of energy-dense drinks and white bread and low consumption of fruit and vegetables (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to distinguish food patterns that are related to obesity and obesity-related cardiovascular disease risk factors in contrast with a more healthy pattern conforming with current dietary guidelines. Thus, the results indicate no reason for questioning the current recommendations.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in blood lipid levels, blood pressure, alcohol and smoking habits from 1985 to 2002: results from INTERGENE and GOT-MONICA.
- 2005
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Ingår i: European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology. - 1741-8267. ; 12:2, s. 115-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Favourable trends in cardiovascular disease have been observed in Sweden. The aim of this study was to study secular trends in a variety of cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Total-, low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) serum cholesterol; serum triglycerides; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; self-reported smoking and alcohol consumption were studied in repeated cross-sectional surveys. Data from four population-based samples in Goteborg, Sweden were used-WHO MONICA project 1985, 1990 and 1995, and INTERGENE 2002. A total of 2931 females and 2691 males aged 25-64 consisting of 1021-1624 randomly selected subjects at each survey period participated. RESULTS: Serum cholesterol levels showed downward trends but the decline in both total- and LDL-cholesterol seems to be levelling off from 1995 and onwards. No significant changes were observed in serum triglyceride, HDL-serum cholesterol or blood pressure levels. The majority of the participants had higher total- and LDL-serum cholesterol levels than currently recommended. Antihypertensive medical treatment increased in women and the oldest men. The prevalence of smoking decreased from 39 to 25% in women and 35 to 20% in men respectively from 1985-2002. In contrast, the prevalence of subjects consuming strong beer and wine, respectively, at least once a week almost doubled from 1990-2002. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular risk factor patterns change continuously and need to be monitored. The favourable trends in LDL-serum cholesterol and smoking in the Goteborg surveys were paralleled by less favourable trends in being overweight and alcohol consumption.
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| 6. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Göteborg, West Sweden.
- 2005
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 29:8, s. 916-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study secular trends in overweight and selected correlates in men and women in Göteborg, Sweden. DESIGN: Cross-sequential population-based surveys. SUBJECTS: A total of 2931 female and 2691 male subjects aged 25-64 y participated in WHO MONICA surveys (1985, 1990, 1995) and the INTERGENE study (2002). MEASUREMENTS: Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), prevalence of overweight (BMI> or =25 kg/m(2)), and obesity (BMI> or =30 kg/m(2)). RESULTS: Mean body weight increased by 3.3 kg for women and 5 kg for men, with a significant upward trend for BMI in men but not women over the 17-y observation period. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased significantly in both sexes over the period. The largest increase was observed in men, and in women aged 25-34 y. In 2002, the prevalence of overweight was 38% in women and 58% in men, and the prevalence of obesity was 11% in women and 15% in men. No significant secular trends were observed for WHR, but there was an upward trend in prevalence of WHR>0.85 in women. A decreased prevalence of smoking in both sexes was observed together with an increase in reported leisure time physical activity. No significant secular trends were observed in rates of self-reported diabetes, although the risk of diabetes attributable to obesity was 24%. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that 25-64-y-olds in the recent survey were more overweight and obese than earlier studied MONICA participants. The increase in BMI was more pronounced in men while abdominal obesity increased principally in women. Although obesity and overweight are clearly important risk factors for type 2 diabetes, the number of diabetics remains low and any secular increase is not yet apparent.
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| 7. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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CETP TaqIB genotype modifies the association between alcohol and coronary heart disease: The INTERGENE case-control study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Alcohol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-8329. ; 48:7, s. 695-700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol consumption at moderate levels has been associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the cardio-protective effect of alcohol may be restricted to subjects with a particular genotype of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphism. There is evidence for this from one study in men, but the finding has not been confirmed since. The present study specifically re-examines the potential modification of the association between alcohol consumption and CHD by the CETP TaqIB (rs708272) polymorphism in a sample including both men and women. The INTERGENE case-control study consists of 618 patients with CHD and 2921 control subjects, of whom 19% were homozygous for the CETP TaqIB B2 allele. Alcohol consumption was categorized into sex-specific tertiles of ethanol intake, with non-drinkers constituting a separate category. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between CHD with genotype, ethanol intake, and their interaction. Participants with intermediate ethanol intake (2nd tertile) had lower risk of CHD than those with low ethanol intake (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.50-0.85). The strongest protective association was seen in the CETP TaqIB B2 homozygotes for intermediate vs. low ethanol intake (odds ratio OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.10-0.44). The interaction between ethanol intake and genotype was statistically significant (p = 0.008), and of similar size in men and women though significant only in men (p = 0.01). The effect modification could not be explained by differences in lifestyle, socioeconomics, or alcohol-related biological variables such as HDL-cholesterol. Our study is the first to replicate previous findings of an effect modification in men. It gives only suggestive results for women, possibly due to the small number of female cases (n = 165). The prevented fraction for the favorable combination of genotype and alcohol consumption is about 6%, a value suggesting that the cardio-protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption applies only to a small segment of the general population. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 8. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Cohort Profile: The INTERGENE Study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International journal of epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3685 .- 1464-3685 .- 0300-5771. ; 46:6, s. 1742-1743h
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2001, the INTERGENE research programme established a population-based cohort of 3614 adults living in south-western Sweden. The aim was to assess environmental, lifestyle and hereditary risk factors for cardio-metabolic and respiratory diseases, and to document secular changes in many of these characteristics. Because the focus is on coronary heart disease (CHD), the population cohort was complemented with 618 patients with acute or chronic CHD who were sampled during the examination period for the cohort (2001–04), following the same protocol. More than 800 variables describe lifestyle and socio-demographic characteristics from questionnaires, anthropometric characteristics from physical examinations, and biomarkers from blood sampled during the examination. Additional blood samples and extracted DNA are stored in biobanks. Data from the case-control study of CHD were used to investigate associations between common risk factors (overweight, smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviour) and different candidate genes with respect to CHD, and explore interactions. In addition, a biomarker for airway inflammation (Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide, FENO) was investigated as a risk factor for respiratory disease, and collaboration was established with international consortia to identify genes related to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. An update of registry information on cohort members from hospitals, general practitioners and pharmacies provides a wide spectrum of incident diagnoses and treatments between 2001 and 2014. A recently completed longitudinal follow-up of the baseline cohort will provide a further measurement point to describe changing cardiovascular risk factors in south-west Sweden. Participation at baseline was 42%, and 61% of these participated at the follow-up.
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| 9. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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The association between plasma homocysteine and coronary heart disease is modified by the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Heart (British Cardiac Society). - : BMJ. - 1468-201X .- 1355-6037. ; 99:23, s. 1761-1765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An elevated level of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) has been associated with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The level of tHcy is affected by lifestyle, in addition to genetic predisposition. The methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism (rs1801133) is among the strongest genetic predictors of tHcy. We examined whether the association between tHcy and CHD is modified by the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism.
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| 10. |
- Olin, Anna-Carin, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Height, age, and atopy are associated with fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in a large adult general population sample
- 2006
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Ingår i: Chest. ; 130 (5):Nov, s. 1319-1325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. Anna-Carin.Olin@amm.gu.se STUDY OBJECTIVES: The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) is elevated in subjects with asthma and atopy, and it has been proposed to be a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation. In addition to asthma and atopy, there is limited information about the determinants of Feno in a general population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: A random adult general population sample. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2,200 subjects, 1,111 women and 1,089 men, aged 25 to 75 years. INTERVENTIONS: The subjects were examined with regard to Feno, pulmonary function, anthropometric variables, and blood samples for Ig E, and completed a respiratory questionnaire. The associations between different determinants and Feno were analyzed with multiple linear regression models. RESULTS: The median value of Feno was 16.0 parts per billion (ppb), ranging from 2.4 to 199 ppb. Height, age, atopy, reporting of asthma symptoms in the last month, and reported use of inhaled steroids were positively associated with Feno. Current smokers had lower values of Feno. Gender was not associated with Feno. CONCLUSIONS: In this random adult population sample, height, but not gender, was associated with Feno. Furthermore, asthma symptoms in the last month, reported use of inhaled steroids, and atopy were positively and independently associated with Feno, while there was a negative association with smoking. PMID: 17099006 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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