| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Wang, Z Y, et al.
(author)
-
Electroconvulsive treatment evokes release of preprotachykinin-A mRNA into the cerebrospinal fluid and ocular aqueous humor of rabbits
- 1997
-
In: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940. ; 226:3, s. 151-154
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Following electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) of rabbits, preprotachykinin-A (PPT-A) mRNA was detected by Southern blot analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and aqueous humor of the eye. In contrast, no PPT-A mRNA could be detected in samples from untreated animals. In addition, several neuropeptides (substance P, neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin, calcitonin gene-related peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide) were released into the CSF (and aqueous humor) following ECT. The results suggest that PPT-A mRNA was released together with neuropeptides into the CSF and aqueous humor in response to ECT. Indeed, previous studies have suggested that neurons can release neuropeptide mRNAs and that neurons are capable of taking up and expressing foreign mRNA. If neuropeptide mRNA can be taken up and utilized by another neuronal population, it might explain instances when neurons display 'phenotypic switch', i.e. the transient expression of novel neuropeptides.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ingelman, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
Signals for intrinsic charm in high energy interactions
- 1997
-
In: ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS. - 0170-9739. ; 73:3, s. 505-515
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The prospects to test the hypothesis of intrinsic charm quarks in the proton are investigated. We consider how this component can be directly or indirectly probed in deep inelastic scattering at HERA and in fixed target experiments and find that an overlo
|
|
| 5. |
- Carrod, Andrew J., 1994, et al.
(author)
-
Recent advances in triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion and singlet fission, towards solar energy applications
- 2022
-
In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 15, s. 4982-5016
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solar energy is an ample renewable energy resource, with photovoltaic (PV) technology enabling a direct route from light to electricity. Currently, PVs are limited in photon conversion efficiency, due in major part to spectral losses. Mitigation of these losses is therefore important, economically and environmentally. Two processes that aim to increase solar light utilisation are described herein. The first is triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC), through which two incoherent photons of low energy can produce one of higher energy, reducing below bandgap losses. Secondly, singlet fission (SF), through which two triplet states may be obtained from one initial singlet excited state, in theory allowing two electrons per photon in a PV, reducing thermalisation losses. These fields are often covered seperately, despite being the reverse processes of one another. This work aims to consolidate research in the two fields and highlight their similarities and common challenges, specifically those relevant to PV applications. Herein, we cover systems primarily based on organic small molecules (anthracene, rubrene, tetracene, pentacene), and detail the fabrication of functional materials containing them (MOFs, gels, SAMs on TiO2, thin evaporated and solution cast films, and cavities). We further offer our recommendations for the focus of future work in both the TTA and SF fields, and discuss the need to address current limitations such as poor triplet diffusion, limited charge injection to PVs, and material stability. Specifically, one could do this by cherry picking ideas from other research fields, for example photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy could be used as TTA sensitisers, and molecules having a considerable excited state aromaticity could be considered as SF materials. We hope this review may aid development towards the end goal of an efficient PV, incorporating either, or both, SF and TTA-UC materials.
|
|
| 6. |
- Odenstedt Hergès, Helena, et al.
(author)
-
Machine learning analysis of heart rate variability to detect delayed cerebral ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage
- 2022
-
In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 145:2, s. 151-159
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives Approximately 30% of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) develop delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). DCI is associated with increased mortality and persistent neurological deficits. This study aimed to analyze heart rate variability (HRV) data from patients with aSAH using machine learning to evaluate whether specific patterns could be found in patients developing DCI. Material & Methods This is an extended, in-depth analysis of all HRV data from a previous study wherein HRV data were collected prospectively from a cohort of 64 patients with aSAH admitted to Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, from 2015 to 2016. The method used for analyzing HRV is based on several data processing steps combined with the random forest supervised machine learning algorithm. Results HRV data were available in 55 patients, but since data quality was significantly low in 19 patients, these were excluded. Twelve patients developed DCI. The machine learning process identified 71% of all DCI cases. However, the results also demonstrated a tendency to identify DCI in non-DCI patients, resulting in a specificity of 57%. Conclusions These data suggest that machine learning applied to HRV data might help identify patients with DCI in the future; however, whereas the sensitivity in the present study was acceptable, the specificity was low. Possible confounders such as severity of illness and therapy may have affected the result. Future studies should focus on developing a robust method for detecting DCI using real-time HRV data and explore the limits of this technology in terms of its reliability and accuracy.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Larsson, Christer, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
Academized or deprofessionalized? : policy discourses of teacher professionalism in relation to research-based education
- 2021
-
In: Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2002-0317. ; 7:1, s. 3-15
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A key concern in international educational policy during the 21st century has been the impact of teacher professionalism on outcomes of schooling. Sweden makes for an interesting case because of the country’s initiatives to improve the quality of education through an academization of the teachers. The aim of this study is to analyse how Swedish state policy of ‘education on a scientific foundation’ is constructed in a selection of texts and videos presented by the Swedish National Agency of Education, and how these policy texts construct discourses of teacher professionalism. The result shows how the formulation in the Education Act, prescribing that the education shall rest on a scientific foundation, is interpreted into ‘policy-as-text’ and a policy apparatus consisting of four central concepts. Here, the terms ‘research-based way of working’ and ‘evidence’ are added to the terms ‘scientific foundation’ and ‘proven experience’ from the Education Act. Furthermore, the result shows three policy discourses of teacher professionalism that are constructed in the analysed texts: the selectively critical and accountable teacher; the positive, flexible, responsible and effective teacher; and the semi-autonomous teacher.
|
|
| 10. |
- Larsson, P-G, et al.
(author)
-
Predisposing factors for bacterial vaginosis, treatment efficacy and pregnancy outcome among term deliveries, results from a preterm delivery study
- 2007
-
In: BMC Women's Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6874. ; 7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery but little is known about factors that could predict BV. We have analyzed if it is possible to identify a category of pregnant women that should be screened for BV, and if BV would alter the pregnancy outcome at term, we have also studied the treatment efficacy of clindamycin. Methods: Prospective BV screening and treatment study of 9025 women in a geographically defined region in southeast Sweden. BV was defined as a modified Nugent score of 6 and above. Data was collected from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Women allocated to treatment were supplied with vaginal clindamycin cream. The main outcome goals were to identify factors that could predict BV. Results: Vaginal smears were consistent with BV criteria in 9.3%. Logistic regression indicates a significant correlation between smoking and BV (p < 0.001) and a greater prevalence of BV in the lower age groups (p < 0.001). We found no correlation between BV and history of preterm deliveries, previous miscarriages, extra-uterine pregnancies, infertility problems or reported history of urinary tract infections-factors that earlier have been associated with BV. Treatment with clindamycin cream showed a cure rate of 77%. Less than 1% of women with a normal vaginal smear in early pregnancy will develop BV during the pregnancy. There was no association between BV and the obstetric outcome among women who delivered at term. Women with BV, both treated patients and nontreated, had the same obstetric outcome at term as women with normal vaginal flora. Conclusion: BV is more than twice as common among smokers, and there is a higher prevalence in the younger age group. However these two markers for BV do not suffice as a tool for screening, and considering the lack of other risk factors associated with BV, screening of all pregnant women might be a strategy to follow in a program intended to reduce the number of preterm births. © 2007 Larsson et al, licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
|
|
