| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey; test-retest assessment in a group of general dental patients.
- 2012
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In: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5037 .- 1601-5029. ; 10:1, s. 30-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To cite this article: Int J Dent Hygiene DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2011.00521.x Abrahamsson KH, Andersson P, Krok L, Hakeberg M. Evaluation of the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey; test-retest assessment in a group of general dental patients. Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey (DHBS) and the test-retest reliability of DHBS in a group of general dental patients. Material and methods: The DHBS, which is a questionnaire constructed to assess patients' specific attitudes towards dental hygienists (DHs), was distributed together with the Dental Anxiety Scale adapted to specifically assess fear of DH treatment (DHAS). It was hypothesized that DHBS would correlate with DHAS and gender. The questionnaires were consecutively distributed to 80 patients at their first visit and after a clinical examination performed by a DH student. Retest assessments of DHBS were conducted approximately two weeks later in conjunction with the next visit at the DH student and before treatment (scaling session). The final study sample included 77 adult general dental patients in treatment at an education clinic for DH students. Results: The results verified a statistically significant correlation between DHBS and DHAS. The DHBS sum of scores showed high internal consistency with Cronbach's a coefficient of 0.88 and 0.91 at the first and second assessments, respectively, and the test-retest reliability of the DHBS was acceptable with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.76. No statistically significant association was found between DHBS and gender. Conclusion: The results suggest that the DHBS is a reliable and stable scale to use to assess patients' specific attitudes towards DHs. Moreover, DH beliefs are associated with fear of DH treatment.
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| 2. |
- Agneman, Gustav, et al.
(author)
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Intergenerational altruism and climate policy preferences
- 2024
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In: PNAS NEXUS. - 2752-6542. ; 3:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Climate mitigation constitutes an intergenerational moral dilemma; the decisions we make today will inevitably shape the prospects for generations to come. Yet, we still know little about the relationship between intergenerational altruism (IGA)-our concerns for the well-being of future generations-and support for costly climate mitigation policies. In this study, we present an approach to measuring IGA through an intergenerational dilemma, where participants allocate resources across generations. First, we describe how IGA depends on the temporal (social) distance between generations and demonstrate robust correlations between IGA and support for several climate policies. Then, we leverage randomized participation in the intergenerational dilemma to show that it causally increases climate policy support, an effect we attribute to higher worries about human-induced climate change among treated subjects. An exploratory heterogeneity analysis suggests that the impact of the intergenerational dilemma is primarily driven by female and nonbinary participants. In sum, this study presents both a novel measurement strategy and robust evidence of a malleable moral basis of climate policy preferences.
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| 3. |
- Agneman, Gustav, et al.
(author)
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On the nexus between material and ideological determinants of climate policy support
- 2024
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In: ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS. - : Elsevier. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 219
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explores how rising economic costs of climate mitigation policies differentially shape climate policy support among the political left and right. To this end, we randomly manipulate how much consumption costs increase as a result of four different climate mitigation policies and study how different cost scenarios influence policy support among a sample of 1,597 Swedish adults. We find that more costly climate policies induce greater climate policy polarization, since right -leaning participants display both lower baseline and more cost -sensitive climate policy support. In addition, we investigate how policy costs affect participants' concerns about the climatic consequences of consumption. While inconclusive, the results indicate that rightleaning participants, in some instances, display less concern about the climatic consequences of consumption when policy costs rise. This pattern can be understood through the lens of motivated disbelief, which holds that people adjust their beliefs in order to support their preferred actions. The present study provides novel insights as to how and when material conditions influence climate policy preferences.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Bodil T., et al.
(author)
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Radiographers' areas of professional competence related to good nursing care
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 22:3, s. 401-409
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Radiographers' ability and competence is a matter of vital importance for patients. Nursing care is an integral part of the radiographer's work. The demand for high competence in clinical activities has increased in diagnostic radiology and has had an impact on the development of the profession.AIM: The aim was to describe the radiographer's areas of professional competence in relation to good nursing care based on critical incidents that occur in the course of radiological examinations and interventions.METHOD: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach, using the Critical Incident Technique was employed. Interviews were conducted with a strategic sample of registered radiographers (n = 14), based at different hospitals in Sweden.ETHICAL ISSUES: The appropriate ethical principles were followed. All the participants provided informed consent, and formal approval for conducting the research was obtained according to national and local directives.RESULTS: The data analysis resulted in two main areas; direct and indirect patient-related areas of competence, which describe the radiographers' skills that either facilitate or hinder good nursing care. In the direct patient-related area of competence, four categories emerged, which illustrate good nursing care in the patient's immediate surroundings. In the indirect patient-related area of competence, four categories illuminated good nursing care that is provided without direct contact with the patient.CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the different areas of the radiographer's unique professional competence. The findings provide insight into the radiographer's profession, on one hand as a carer and on the other as a medical technologist as well as highlighting the importance of each role. The radiographer's work encompasses a variety of components--from caring for the patient to handling and checking the technical equipment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Andersson, P, et al.
(author)
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Clinical correlates of oral impacts on daily performances.
- 2010
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In: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5037 .- 1601-5029. ; 8:3, s. 219-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between oral health measures and oral health-related quality of life as captured by OIDP (oral impacts on daily performances).
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the Dental Hygienist Anxiety Scale in a group of general dental patients.
- 2013
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In: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 71:3-4, s. 877-882
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Objective. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Dental Hygienist Anxiety Scale (DHAS) in a sample of adult general dental patients. Materials and methods. The DHAS is a questionnaire adapted to assess fear and anxiety of dental hygienist (DH) treatment. The DHAS contains four items and the sum of scores range from 4 (no anxiety) to 20 (extreme fear). A convenient sample of 80 patients in treatment at two DH programs in Sweden were consecutively included in the study. The DHAS was distributed together with questions regarding self-perceived oral health and experience of dental care at the first visit after a clinical examination performed by a DH. Re-test assessments of DHAS were conducted ∼ 2 weeks later in conjunction with the next visit to the DH before treatment (scaling session). Results. The results verified a significant positive correlation between the average DHAS sum of scores and global fear of DH and dentist treatment, perceived pain during the last DH treatment and female gender. The DHAS sum of scores had a high internal consistency, Cronbach's coefficient of 0.89 and 0.87 at the first and at the second assessment, respectively. The test-re-test reliability of the DHAS sum of scores was acceptable, with an intra-class coefficient of 0.82 and Kappa coefficients between 0.49-0.78 for the four single items in the DHAS. Conclusions. These results suggest that the DHAS has acceptable psychometric proprieties and is a valid and reliable scale to assess anxiety in DH treatment.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(author)
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The impact of oral health on daily performances and its association with clinical variables in a population in Zambia
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 15:2, s. 128-134
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate oral impacts on daily performance and to relate these data to oral clinical variables. Material and methods: The study was performed at a dental clinic in Livingstone, Zambia, and included 78 subjects (mean age 28, range 15–48 years) consecutively recruited in connection witha dental care visit. Data were collected through a structured interview using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) index measuring oral health-related quality of life followed by a clinical examination. Results: Oral health affected one or more daily performances during the last 6 months for 61.5% of the subjects. ‘Difficulty of eating and enjoying food’ was the performance reported most frequently (42.3%), and ‘speaking and pronouncing clearly’ was least often reported (10.3%). DMFT was 3.8, 3.6 (mean SD; range0–15). A majority of the individuals had periodontal pockets ≥4mm (mean 4.3, 2.6) (94.9%) and gingival bleeding on probing >20%(88.5%). Two or more decayed teeth were shown to be significantly associated (OR 4.6, CI 1.2–17.1) with one or more oral impacts on daily performances in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: This study shown that there is a significant association between decayed teeth and oral impacts on daily performances. More research is needed, however, for deeper understanding of oral health problems and their impacts on daily life in Zambia.
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| 9. |
- Anell, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Better off by risk adjustment? : Socioeconomic disparities in care utilization in Sweden following a payment reform
- 2024
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In: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. - : Wiley-Liss Inc.. - 0276-8739 .- 1520-6688.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reducing socioeconomic health inequalities is a key goal of most health systems. A challenge in this regard is that healthcare providers may have incentives to avoid or undertreat patients who are relatively costly to treat. Due to the socioeconomic gradient in health, individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) are especially likely to be negatively affected by such attempts. To counter these incentives, payments are often risk adjusted based on patient characteristics. However, empirical evidence is lacking on how, or if, risk adjustment affects care utilization. We examine if a novel risk adjustment model in primary care affected socioeconomic differences in care utilization among individuals with a chronic condition. The new risk adjustment model implied that the capitation—the monthly reimbursement paid by the health authority to care providers for each enrolled patient—increased substantially for chronically ill low-SES patients. Yet, we do not find any robust evidence that their access to primary care improved relative to patients with high SES, and we find no effects on adverse health events (hospitalizations). These results suggest that the new risk adjustment model did not reduce existing health inequalities, indicating the need for more targeted incentives and interventions to reach low-SES groups.
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| 10. |
- Apelgren, Britt Marie, 1956, et al.
(author)
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Academic leadership roles and work life experiences: Improving Quality by Attending to Professional Identity
- 2018
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In: XIVth Biennial Conference of the European Personal Construct Association (EPCA) Edinburgh, 5-8 July 2018.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper discusses academic leadership from a PCP- perspective. The proposed research is part of a planned project focusing on academic teacher-researcher-leader in Swedish higher education. Drawing on Kompf & Brown’s (2005) theories of teachers’ personal and professional ideas about the practice - superordinate constructs nexus, we aim to explore and gain a deeper understanding of their core identity (Denicolo, Long and Bradley-Cole 2016). This is related to being a good teacher-researcher-leader in the current politic-economic context of higher education: tensions between reforms based on managerial logic from the business world and the pedagogic processes informed by professional academic logic (Pettersen, 2015), have an impact on all aspects of the academic role.
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