| 11. |
- Reynolds, Chandra A, et al.
(author)
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Sequence variation in SORL1 and dementia risk in Swedes.
- 2010
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In: Neurogenetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-6753 .- 1364-6745. ; 11:1, s. 139-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The gene encoding the neuronal sortilin-related receptor SORL1 has been claimed to be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by independent groups and across various human populations. We evaluated six genetic markers in SORL1 in a sample of 1,558 Swedish dementia cases (including 1,270 AD cases) and 2,179 controls. For both single-marker-based and haplotype-based analyses, we found no strong support for SORL1 as a dementia or AD risk-modifying gene in our sample in isolation nor did we observe association with AD/dementia-related traits, including cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid(1-42), tau levels, or age at onset. However, meta-analyses of markers in this study together with previously published studies on SORL1 encompassing in excess of 13,000 individuals does suggest significant association with AD (best odds ratio = 1.097; 95% confidence interval = 1.038-1.158, p = 0.001). All six markers were significant in meta-analyses and it is notable that they occur in two distinct linkage disequilibrium blocks. These data are consistent with either allelic heterogeneity or the existence of as yet untested functional variants and these will be important considerations in further attempts to evaluate the importance of sequence variation in SORL1 with AD risk.
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| 12. |
- Strålin, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was associated with the COVID-19 admission rate during the first year of the pandemic in Sweden
- 2022
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In: Infectious Diseases. - : Taylor & Francis Ltd. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 54:2, s. 145-151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Studies from the first pandemic wave found associations between COVID-19 hospital load and mortality. Here, we aimed to study if mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients was associated with the COVID-19 admission rate during a full year of the pandemic in Sweden. Method Observational review of all patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in Sweden between March 2020 and February 2021 (n = 42,017). Primary outcome was 60-day all-cause mortality related to number of COVID-19 hospital admissions per month/100,000 inhabitants. Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk for death by month of admission, adjusting for pre-existing factors. Results The overall mortality was 17.4%. Excluding March 2020, mortality was clearly correlated to the number of COVID-19 admissions per month (coefficient of correlation rho=.96; p<.0001). After adjustment for pre-existing factors, the correlation remained significant (rho=.75, p=.02). Patients admitted in December (high admission rate and high mortality) had more comorbidities and longer hospital stays, and patients treated in intensive care units (ICU) had longer pre-ICU hospital stays and worse respiratory status on ICU admission than those admitted in July to September (low admission rate and low mortality). Conclusion Mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was clearly associated with the COVID-19 admission rate. Admission of healthier patients between pandemic waves and delayed ICU care during wave peaks could contribute to this pattern. The study supports measures to flatten-the-curve to reduce the number of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital.
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| 13. |
- Strålin, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Mortality trends among hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Sweden : A nationwide observational cohort study
- 2021
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In: The Lancet Regional Health. - : Elsevier. - 2666-7762. ; 4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: It is important to know if mortality among hospitalised COVID-19 patients has changed as the pandemic has progressed. The aim of this study was to describe the dynamics over time of mortality among patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in Sweden, using nationwide data compiled by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Methods: Observational cohort study where all patients hospitalised in Sweden between March 1 and September 30, 2020, with SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity 14 days before to 5 days after admission and a discharge code for COVID-19 were included. Outcome was 60-day all-cause mortality. Patients were categorised according to month of hospital admission. Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk of death by month of admission, adjusting for, age, sex, comorbidities, care dependency, country of birth, healthcare region, and Simplified Acute Physiology, version 3 (patients in intensive care units; ICU). Findings: A total of 17,140 patients were included, of which 2943 died within 60 days of admission. The overall 60-day mortality was thus 17.2% (95% CI, 16.6%-17.7%), and it decreased from 24.7% (95% CI, 23.0%-26.5%) in March to 10.4% (95% CI, 8.9%-12.1%) post-wave (July-September). Adjusted relative risk (RR) of death was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.39-0.54) post-wave, using March as reference. Corresponding RR for patients not admitted to ICU and those admitted to ICU were 0.49 (95% CI, 0.42-0.59) and 0.49 (95% CI, 0.33-0.72), respectively. The proportion of patients admitted to ICU decreased from 19.4% (95% CI, 17.9%-21.1%) in the March cohort to 8.9% (95% CI, 7.5%-10.6%) post-wave. Interpretation: There was a gradual decline in mortality during the spring of 2020 in Swedish hospitalised COVID-19 patients, independent of baseline patient characteristics. Future research is needed to explain the reasons for this decline. The changing COVID-19 mortality should be taken into account when management and results of studies from the first pandemic wave are evaluated. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 14. |
- Wahlstrom, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Severity outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron and pre-Omicron periods, in unvaccinated first-time test positive adults less than 65 years old without comorbidity, in Sweden
- 2024
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In: Journal of Infection and Public Health. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON. - 1876-0341 .- 1876-035X. ; 17:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had several phases with varying characteristics. We aimed to compare severity outcomes in different phases in a population with limited bias from risk factors. Methods: In a nationwide observational study of all unvaccinated first-time COVID-19 test positive individuals in Sweden aged 18-64 years without comorbidity, from week 45 of 2020 to week 5 of 2022, variant periods with certain variants constituting >= 92 % of all whole genome-sequenced cases nationwide, were compared regarding hospitalisation (with main discharge code of COVID-19), severe illness (use of high-flow nasal oxygen or admission to intensive care unit), and death due to COVID-19. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for comparison of these outcomes between variant periods, using adjustments for variant period, age, sex, country of birth, place of residence, income, and education. Findings: The study included 789,133 individuals, including 15,145 hospitalised individuals. Among all individuals, the adjusted ORs for hospitalisation were 1.7 for the Alpha period vs the Pre-variant period (week 45-52 2020), 1.8 for the Delta period vs the Alpha period, and 0.1 for the Omicron period vs the Delta period (all comparisons significant). Among hospitalised individuals, the adjusted ORs for severe illness were 1.4 for the Alpha period vs the Pre-variant period, 1.7 for the Delta period vs the Alpha period, and 0.5 for the Omicron period vs the Delta period (all comparisons significant), and the adjusted ORs for death were 1.1 for the Alpha period vs the Pre-variant period (non-significant), 1.8 for the Delta period vs the Alpha period (significant), and 0.1 for the Omicron period vs the Delta period (non-significant) . Interpretation: In this population with limited bias from risk factors, vaccination, and previous infection, disease severity increased from the pre-variant to the Delta period and then decreased with the Omicron period, among all individuals and among hospitalised individuals. These severity outcome differences should be considered when the pandemic is evaluated. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
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| 15. |
- Wiklund, Fredrik E, et al.
(author)
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Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) : a new marker of all-cause mortality
- 2010
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In: Aging Cell. - : Wiley. - 1474-9718 .- 1474-9726. ; 9:6, s. 1057-1064
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) is a member of the TGF-b superfamily, previously studied in cancer and inflammation. In addition to regulating body weight, MIC-1/GDF15 may be used to predict mortality and/or disease course in cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic renal and heart failure, as well as pulmonary embolism. These data suggested that MIC-1/GDF15 may be a marker of all-cause mortality. To determine whether serum MIC-1/GDF15 estimation is a predictor of all-cause mortality, we examined a cohort of 876 male subjects aged 35-80 years, selected from the Swedish Population Registry, and followed them for overall mortality. Serum MIC-1/GDF15 levels were determined for all subjects from samples taken at study entry. A second (independent) cohort of 324 same-sex twins (69% female) from the Swedish Twin Registry was similarly examined. All the twins had telomere length measured and 183 had serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) available. Patients were followed for up to 14 years and had cause-specific and all-cause mortality determined. Serum MIC-1/GDF15 levels predicted mortality in the all-male cohort with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of death of 3.38 (95%CI 1.38-8.26). This finding was validated in the twin cohort. Serum MIC-1/GDF15 remained an independent predictor of mortality when further adjusted for telomere length, IL-6 and CRP. Additionally, serum MIC-1/GDF15 levels were directly correlated with survival time independently of genetic background. Serum MIC-1/GDF15 is a novel predictor of all-cause mortality.
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