| 21. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Ready to innovate during a crisis? Innovation governance during the first wave of COVID-19 infections in Iceland
- 2023
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Ingår i: Innovation-Organization & Management. - Melbourne : Routledge. - 1447-9338 .- 2204-0226.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies on innovation governance have focused on the governance of science, technology, and innovation from a long-term perspective. In this article we focus on the short term by exploring the generation and use of new scientific and technical knowledge to address an urgent societal crisis. We empirically analyse the emergency response during the first wave of COVID-19 infections in Iceland using a conceptual framework based on three theoretical components, namely, emergency management, innovation governance, and the innovation process as a problem-solving process. The empirical analysis is built on a systematic analysis of secondary data. Based on the results, we conclude that improvisation processes using existing knowledge and capabilities and triggered by unanticipated problems during a crisis are in some cases sources of successful innovation. In these cases initial problem-solving processes characterized by improvisation can be interpreted as blind variations that are retained and diffused through a series of complementary problem-solving processes that generate and use new scientific and technical knowledge. Furthermore, we extend the concept of innovation governance readiness to include both the readiness to exploit technological opportunities and the readiness to address unanticipated problems during a crisis and propose that our extension is useful for integrating long-term and short-term aspects of innovation governance.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The Grey Zones of Technological Innovation: Negative Unintended Consequences as a Counterbalance to Novelty
- 2021
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 28:1, s. 79-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to better understand the challenges of avoiding the dark side of technological innovation. Specifically, we analyse 10 public investigations started as a reaction to a major crisis in regenerative medicine at the Karolinska Institute, Sweden, associated with the clinician-scientist Paolo Macchiarini. We interpret the reaction as an attempt to restore the balance between the stimulation and regulation of technological innovation processes by clarifying ambiguities in the regulation at the interface between research and practice. We conceptualise these ambiguities as grey zones – situations when it is unclear if the benefits of experimentation outweigh its risks – and propose that grey zones are continually created and resolved as actors in innovation governance systems counterbalance the generation of novelty and the risk of negative unintended consequences.
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| 24. |
- Saemundsson, Rögnvaldur J., 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Absorptive capacity and the identification of opportunities in new technology-based firms
- 2017
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Ingår i: Technovation. - Kidlington : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 64-65, s. 43-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Elsevier Ltd The purpose of this work is to investigate relationships between knowledge and opportunities in new ventures. More specifically, this work proposes and empirically tests how potential absorptive capacity is related with the identification of opportunities in new technology-based firms (NTBFs). To take into account the unique nature of NTBFs we divide potential absorptive capacity into problem absorptive capacity, i.e. the ability to identify and acquire knowledge of the goals, aspirations and needs of current and potential customers, and solution absorptive capacity, i.e. the ability to identify and acquire external knowledge of solutions to fulfill them. We develop three hypotheses, which predict that both problem absorptive capacity and solution absorptive capacity will be positively related with the identification of opportunities in NTBFs and that they will reinforce each other. The findings support the importance of making a distinction between the two proposed dimensions of potential absorptive capacity and shed light on their effectiveness and interaction for the identification of opportunities.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Saemundsson, Rögnvaldur J., 1968
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship, Technology and the Growth Process: A Study of Young, Medium-Sized Technology-Based Firms
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the study of the growth process in young technology-based firms. Two sets of issues are addressed in the thesis which are related to one another by using a conceptualization of Penrose's theory of the growth process. The first set of issues concerns how young technology-based firms achieve reinforced growth. It is investigated how the characteristics of start-up opportunities may constrain firms from attaining reinforced growth, how specific actors - such as venture capital firms and large corporations - help firms to avoid resource constraints, and finally whether the growth orientation of the firms is affected by these actors. The second set of issues concerns how the growth process affects the development of technical knowledge in young technology-based firms, and hence, their ability to create and detect new opportunities for further growth. In order to investigate the above issues, two empirical studies have been conducted. Both focus on the population of new technology-based firms in Sweden established between 1975 and 1993. A mixture of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods is used in both studies. Analysis of quantitative data is used for comparing firms that have become medium-sized with those that have not. Interviews in medium-sized firms are used to analyze the growth process. The main findings can be divided into two parts. First, it was found that differences in the novelty of opportunities at start-up may influence the probability of attaining reinforced growth. Additionally, a relationship was found between access to resources, ownership changes and growth orientation. New owners both provide access to resources necessary for growth and increase the growth orientation of the firm. Hence, they may enable growth in two ways. Second, the study found that growth affects the organization of technical knowledge as well as the incentives for seeking new technical knowledge. The number of distinctive fields of technical knowledge was found to increase during growth, but this increase was limited by the characteristics of the firms' technology and by growth itself. Incentives for knowledge-seeking were also found to change during growth, leading to problems related to retention of technical employees and updating of the technical knowledge base. The chief contribution of this thesis is the conceptualization of the growth process that is used to connect the two sets of research issues. The study also provides empirical support for the need to consider multiple intentions and incentives when examining growth in young technology-based firms. Intentions and incentives are not predetermined, but are among the variables that may change and are to be explained. Finally, the study empirically demonstrates some aspects of the interaction between technical knowledge and growth. The findings of the thesis point to tensions, inherent in the growth process in young technology-based firms, that must be attended to by management in order to attain and sustain reinforced growth.
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| 28. |
- Saemundsson, Rögnvaldur J., 1968, et al.
(författare)
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How business opportunities constrain young technology-based firms from growing into medium-sized firms
- 2005
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-0913 .- 0921-898X. ; 24:2, s. 113-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses how the novelty of business opportunities at start-up constrains young technology-based firms from attaining substantial growth and becoming medium-sized. Data from 262 young Swedish technologybased firms are used to estimate a logit regression model relating different types of opportunities to the probability of becoming medium-sized. The results show that firms which seek to exploit opportunities based on new market knowledge are less likely to attain substantial growth than firms that seek to exploit opportunities based on existing market knowledge. The former class of firms can nevertheless increase the probability of such growth by actively seeking external financing.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Saemundsson, Rögnvaldur J., 1968
(författare)
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On the interaction between growth intentions, resource acquisition and growth in new technology-based firms
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation. - : SAGE Publications. - 2043-6882 .- 1465-7503. ; 4:2, s. 85-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the interaction between growth intentions, access to resources and growth in new technology-based firms. Based on a combination of a cross-sectional survey study and case studies of individual firms, the paper shows that the growth orientation of new technology-based firms may be mediated, or determined jointly by the firms' need for external resources. New technology-based firms that have low growth orientation at start-up may attain actual growth through the influences of new owners who allow access to critical resources. These results have important implications for understanding the growth process in new technology-based firms.
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