| 1. |
- Dawod, Mohammed, et al.
(författare)
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Antiproliferative Systemic Therapies for Metastatic Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumours
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Treatment Options in Oncology. - : Springer Nature. - 1527-2729 .- 1534-6277. ; 22:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with rising incidence and prevalence. Outcome and therapy of small bowel neuroendocrine tumours (SBNETs) is variable, depending on the grade, differentiation, tumour burden, as well as the site of the tumour origin. Because of this, multidisciplinary approach is essential. Large randomized clinical trials, with somatostatin analogues (PROMID, CLARINET) or with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177-lutetium (NETTER-1 trial) as well as the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR) everolimus (RADIANT trials), represent milestones for the medical management of unresectable grade 1 and 2 SBNETS over the last decade. Novel therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), are on the cutting edge. However, multiple unsolved questions remain. This review provides a comprehensive review of the main systemic therapeutic options for advanced SBNETs and discusses the latest guideline recommendations for palliative treatment.
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| 2. |
- Follin, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Effect of Cranial Radiotherapy on Pituitary-Hypothalamus Area in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Treatment Options in Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1527-2729 .- 1534-6277. ; 17:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Survival rates of childhood cancer have improved markedly, and today more than 80 % of those diagnosed with a pediatric malignancy will become 5-year survivors. Nevertheless, survivors exposed to cranial radiotherapy (CRT) are at particularly high risk for long-term morbidity, such as endocrine insufficiencies, metabolic complications, and cardiovascular morbidity. Deficiencies of one or more anterior pituitary hormones have been described following therapeutic CRT for primary brain tumors, nasopharyngeal tumors, and following prophylactic CRT for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Studies have consistently shown a strong correlation between the total radiation dose and the development of pituitary deficits. Further, age at treatment and also time since treatment has strong implications on pituitary hormone deficiencies. There is evidence that the hypothalamus is more radiosensitive than the pituitary and is damaged by lower doses of CRT. With doses of CRT 50 Gy) may produce direct anterior pituitary damage, which contributes to multiple pituitary deficiencies. The large group of ALL survivors treated with CRT in the 70–80-ties has now reached adulthood, and these survivors were treated mainly with 24 Gy, and the vast majority of these patients suffer from GHD. Further, after long-term follow-up, insufficiencies in prolactin (PRL) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) have also been reported and a proportion of these patients were also adrenocoticotrophic hormone (ACTH) deficient. CRT to the hypothalamus causes neuroendocrine dysfunction, which means that the choice of GH test is crucial for the diagnosis of GHD.
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| 3. |
- Lundin, J, et al.
(författare)
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Therapy for mycosis fungoides
- 2004
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Ingår i: Current treatment options in oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1527-2729 .- 1534-6277. ; 5:3, s. 203-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Mollazadegan, Kazhan, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic Treatment of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Treatment Options in Oncology. - : Springer Nature. - 1527-2729 .- 1534-6277. ; 22:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opinion statement Treatment recommendations for advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NEC) are based on uncontrolled, mainly retrospective data. Chemotherapy can offer palliative relief, but long-lasting complete responses or cures are rare. The European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommend platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment. This has been the golden standard since the late 1980s and has been evaluated in mostly retrospective clinical studies. However, progression is inevitable for most patients. Unfortunately, data on effective second-line treatment options are scant, and ENETS and ESMO recommendations propose fluorouracil- or temozolomide-based chemotherapy schedules. As such, there is a huge unmet need for improved care. Improved knowledge on GEP-NEC biology may provide a pathway towards more effective interventions including chemotherapy, targeted gene therapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors. The review summarises this current state of the art as well as the most promising developments for systemic therapy in GEP-NEC patients.
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| 5. |
- Song, YJ, et al.
(författare)
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The Microbiota in Hematologic Malignancies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Current treatment options in oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1534-6277 .- 1527-2729. ; 21:1, s. 2-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Stevens, DJ, et al.
(författare)
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Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current treatment options in oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1534-6277 .- 1527-2729. ; 17:12, s. 62-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Wang, Y. F., et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Autophagy in Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Treatment Options in Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1527-2729 .- 1534-6277. ; 23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opinion statement Autophagy is a physiological process that occurs in normal tissues. Under external environmental pressure or internal environmental changes, cells can digest part of their contents through autophagy in order to reduce metabolic pressure or remove damaged organelles. In cancer, autophagy plays a paradoxical role, acting as a tumor suppressor-by removing damaged organelles and inhibiting inflammation or by promoting genome stability and the tumor-adaptive responses-as a pro-survival mechanism to protect cells from stress. In this article, we review the autophagy-dependent mechanisms driving childhood central nervous system tumor cell death, malignancy invasion, chemosensitivity, and radiosensitivity. Autophagy inhibitors and inducers have been developed, and encouraging results have been achieved in autophagy modulation, suggesting that these might be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors.
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