SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "L773:1932 6203 "

Sökning: L773:1932 6203

  • Resultat 1-10 av 8024
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Ahlén, Katia M, et al. (författare)
  • Antibiotic treatment and length of hospital stay in relation to delivery mode and prematurity
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: PLOS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To investigate how 1) maternal delivery mode and 2) prematurity in infants are associated to antibiotic treatment and length of hospital stay. METHODS: Women having given birth and infants 0-12 months discharged from hospital between July 2005 and November 2011 were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register. Medical records were reviewed for 203 women and 527 infants. The risk ratio (RR) between antibiotic treatment and 1) delivery mode in women; 2) prematurity in infants was calculated. Length of stay and days of antibiotic therapy were compared by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. RESULTS: Women: There was an association between emergency caesarean section (CS) and antibiotic treatment (RR 5.0 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-11.5), but not for elective CS. Length of stay was longer for CS (emergency and elective) compared to vaginal delivery (p<0.01). Infants: RR for antibiotic treatment in preterm compared to term infants was 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.9). Length of stay (p<0.01), but not days of therapy (p = 0.17), was higher in preterm compared to term infants. CONCLUSION: We found that emergency CS increased the probability of maternal antibiotic treatment during hospitalisation, but no difference was found between term and preterm infants. The results are well aligned with current guidelines and may be considered in future studies on the effects of antibiotics.
  •  
2.
  • Collins, Ruairi, et al. (författare)
  • Biochemical discrimination between selenium and sulfur 1 : a single residue provides selenium specificity to human selenocysteine lyase
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PLoS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Selenium and sulfur are two closely related basic elements utilized in nature for a vast array of biochemical reactions. While toxic at higher concentrations, selenium is an essential trace element incorporated into selenoproteins as selenocysteine (Sec), the selenium analogue of cysteine (Cys). Sec lyases (SCLs) and Cys desulfurases (CDs) catalyze the removal of selenium or sulfur from Sec or Cys and generally act on both substrates. In contrast, human SCL (hSCL) is specific for Sec although the only difference between Sec and Cys is the identity of a single atom. The chemical basis of this selenium-over-sulfur discrimination is not understood. Here we describe the X-ray crystal structure of hSCL and identify Asp146 as the key residue that provides the Sec specificity. A D146K variant resulted in loss of Sec specificity and appearance of CD activity. A dynamic active site segment also provides the structural prerequisites for direct product delivery of selenide produced by Sec cleavage, thus avoiding release of reactive selenide species into the cell. We thus here define a molecular determinant for enzymatic specificity discrimination between a single selenium versus sulfur atom, elements with very similar chemical properties. Our findings thus provide molecular insights into a key level of control in human selenium and selenoprotein turnover and metabolism.
  •  
3.
  • Doorakkers, Eva, et al. (författare)
  • Early complications following oesophagectomy for cancer in relation to long-term healthcare utilisation: a prospective population-based cohort study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Plos One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Molecular Medicine and Surgery. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Little is known about how early postoperative complications after oesophagectomy for cancer influence healthcare utilisation in the long-term. We hypothesised that these complications also increase healthcare utilisation long after the recovery period. METHODS: This was a prospective, nationwide Swedish population-based cohort study of patients who underwent curatively intended oesophagectomy for cancer in 2001-2005 and survived at least 1 year postoperatively (n = 390). Total days of in-hospitalisation, number of hospitalisations and number of visits to the outpatient clinic within 5 years of surgery were analysed using quasi-Poisson models with adjustment for patient, tumour and treatment characteristics and are expressed as incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: There was an increased in-hospitalisation period 1-5 years after surgery in patients with more than 1 complication (IRR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4). The IRR for the number of hospitalisations by number of complications was 1.1 (95% CI 0.7-1.6), and 1.2 (95% CI 0.9-1.6) for number of outpatient visits in patients with more than 1 complication. The IRR for in-hospitalisation period 1-5 years following oesophagectomy was 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.0) for patients with anastomotic insufficiency and 1.5 (95% CI 0.9-2.5) for patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular complications. We found no association with number of hospitalisations (IRR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7-2.0) or number of outpatient visits (IRR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9-1.7) after anastomotic insufficiency, or after cardiovascular or cerebrovascular complications (IRR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7-1.9) and (IRR 1.1, 95% CI 0.8-1.5) respectively. CONCLUSION: This study showed an increased total in-hospitalisation period 1-5 years after oesophagectomy for cancer in patients with postoperative complications, particularly following anastomotic insufficiency.
  •  
4.
  • Gong, Tong, et al. (författare)
  • Parental socioeconomic status, childhood asthma and medication use : a population-based study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLoS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Little is known about how parental socioeconomic status affects offspring asthma risk in the general population, or its relation to healthcare and medication use among diagnosed children. METHODS: This register-based cohort study included 211,520 children born between April 2006 and December 2008 followed until December 2010. Asthma diagnoses were retrieved from the National Patient Register, and dispensed asthma medications from the Prescribed Drug Register. Parental socioeconomic status (income and education) were retrieved from Statistics Sweden. The associations between parental socioeconomic status and outcomes were estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS: Compared to the highest parental income level, children exposed to all other levels had increased risk of asthma during their first year of life (e.g. hazard ratio, HR 1.19, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.09-1.31 for diagnosis and HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.26 for medications for the lowest quintile) and the risk was decreased after the first year, especially among children from the lowest parental income quintile (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77-0.92 for diagnosis, and HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.86 for medications). Further, compared to children with college-educated parents, those whose parents had lower education had increased risk of childhood asthma regardless of age. Children with the lowest parental education had increased risk of an inpatient (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.61-2.65) and outpatient (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.18-1.47) asthma diagnosis. Among diagnosed children, those from families with lower education used fewer controller medications than those whose parents were college graduates. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate an age-varying association between parental income and childhood asthma and consistent inverse association regardless of age between parental education and asthma incidence, dispensed controller medications and inpatient care which should be further investigated and remedied.
  •  
5.
  • Havland, Ida, et al. (författare)
  • The observed association between maternal anxiety and adolescent asthma : children of twin design suggest familial effects
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: PLoS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 1932-6203. ; 42
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that maternal anxiety is associated with asthma in the adolescent child, but mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between maternal anxiety and maternal, self- and register-based report of asthma in the adolescent child, and whether the association remains after control of familial confounding (shared environmental and genetic factors). METHOD: From the Twin and Offspring Study of Sweden, 1691 mothers (1058 twins) and their adolescent child were included. The association between maternal self-reported anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) somatic or psychic anxiety) and asthma based on subjective (maternal or child report) or objective (register-based diagnosis and medication) measures were analysed using logistic regression. The children-of-twins design was used to explore whether genes or environment contribute to the association. RESULTS: Maternal BAI anxiety (OR 2.02, CI 1.15-3.55) was significantly associated with adolescent asthma reported by the mother. Maternal KSP somatic anxiety (OR 1.74, CI 1.04-2.91) and psychic anxiety (OR 1.74, CI 1.05-2.86) was significantly associated with breathlessness reported by the adolescent child. In contrast, maternal anxiety was not associated with increased risk for the register-based outcomes of asthma diagnosis or medication. The results remained also after adjusting for covariates and the children-of-twins analyses which indicate that the association was due to familial confounding. CONCLUSIONS: We found some associations between maternal anxiety and subjectively reported offspring asthma or breathlessness which may be due to familial effects. A likely candidate for explaining this familial confounding is heritable personality traits associated with both anxiety and subjective measures of asthma.
  •  
6.
  • Hojjat-Farsangi, Mohammad, et al. (författare)
  • RETRACTED: Inhibition of the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 by anti-ROR1 monoclonal antibodies and siRNA induced apoptosis of melanoma cells
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Oncology-Pathology. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • RETRACTED ARTICLE. Retraction: PLoS One. 2022 May 5;17(5):e0268357. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ROR1 is overexpressed and of importance for the survival of various malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). There is limited information however on ROR1 in melanoma. In the present study we analysed in seven melanoma cell lines ROR1 expression and phosphorylation as well as the effects of anti-ROR1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and ROR1 suppressing siRNA on cell survival. ROR1 was overexpressed at the protein level to a varying degree and phosphorylated at tyrosine and serine residues. Three of our four self-produced anti-ROR1 mAbs (clones 3H9, 5F1 and 1A8) induced a significant direct apoptosis of the ESTDAB049, ESTDAB112, DFW and A375 cell lines as well as cell death in complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). The ESTDAB081 and 094 cell lines respectively were resistant to direct apoptosis of the four anti-ROR1 mAbs alone but not in CDC or ADCC. ROR1 siRNA transfection induced downregulation of ROR1 expression both at mRNA and protein levels proceeded by apoptosis of the melanoma cells (ESTDAB049, ESTDAB112, DFW and A375) including ESTDAB081, which was resistant to the direct apoptotic effect of the mAbs. The results indicate that ROR1 may play a role in the survival of melanoma cells. The surface expression of ROR1 on melanoma cells may support the notion that ROR1 might be a suitable target for mAb therapy.
  •  
7.
  • Hojjat-Farsangi, Mohammad, et al. (författare)
  • Spontaneous immunity against the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: PLOS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Oncology-Pathology. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: ROR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and several other malignancies but absent in most adult normal tissues. ROR1 is considered an onco-fetal antigen. In the present study we analysed spontaneous humoral and cellular immunity against ROR1 in CLL patients. Materials and Methods: Antibodies against ROR1 were analysed in 23 patients and 20 healthy donors by ELISA and Western blot. Purified serum IgG from patients was tested for cytotoxicity against CLL cells using the MTT viability assay. A cellular immune response against ROR1 derived HLA-A2 restricted 9 aa and 16 aa long peptides were analysed using peptide loaded dendritic cells co-cultured with autologous T cells from CLL patients (n = 9) and healthy donors (n = 6). IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-17A-secreting T cells were assessed by ELISPOT and a proliferative response using a H3-thymidine incorporation assay. Results: The majority of CLL patients had antibodies against ROR1. Significantly higher titers of antiROR1 antibodies were noted in patients with non-progressive as compared to progressive disease. The extracellular membrane-close ROR1 KNG domain seemed to be an immunodominant epitope. Ten patients with high titers of anti-ROR1 binding antibodies were tested for cytotoxicity. Five of those had cytotoxic anti-ROR1 antibodies against CLL cells. ROR1-specific IFN-γ and IL-17A producing T cells could be detected in CLL patients, preferentially in non-progressive as compared to patients with progressive disease (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ROR1 seemed to spontaneously induce a humoral as well as a T cell response in CLL patients. The data support the notion that ROR1 might be a specific neo-antigen and may serve as a target for immunotherapy.
  •  
8.
  • Hojjat-Farsangi, Mohammad, et al. (författare)
  • The tyrosine kinase receptor ROR1 is constitutively phosphorylated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Oncology-Pathology. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Phosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has a key role in cellular functions contributing to the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. We and others have previously demonstrated that RTK ROR1 is overexpressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Silencing siRNA downregulated ROR1 and induced apoptosis of CLL cells. In the present study we analysed ROR1 isoforms and the phosphorylation pattern in CLL cells (n=38) applying western blot and flow-cytometry using anti-ROR1 antibodies and an anti-phospho-ROR1 antibody against the TK domain. Two major ROR1 bands with the size of 105 and 130 kDa respectively were identified, presumably representing unglycosylated (immature) and glycosylated (mature) ROR1 respectively as well as a 260 kDa band which may represent dimerized ROR1. A ROR1 band of 64 kDa that may correspond to a C-terminal fragment was also noted, present only in the nucleus. The 105 kDa ROR1 isoform was more frequently expressed in non-progressive as compared to progressive CLL patients (p=0.03). The 64, 105, 130 and 260 kDa bands were constitutively phosphorylated both at tyrosine and serine residues. Phosphorylation intensity of the mature (130 kDa) isoform was significantly higher in progressive than in non-progressive disease (p<0.001). Incubation of CLL cells with a mouse anti-ROR1 KNG or an anti-ROR1 CRD mAb respectively induced dephosphorylation of ROR1 before entering apoptosis. In conclusion CLL cells expressed different isoforms of ROR1 which were constitutively phosphorylated. The mature, phosphorylated ROR1 isoform was associated with a progressive disease stage. Targeting ROR1 by mAbs induced specific dephosphorylation and leukemic cell death. ROR1 might be an interesting therapeutic target.
  •  
9.
  • Johansson, Ann-Louise, et al. (författare)
  • Biochemical discrimination between selenium and sulfur 2 : mechanistic investigation of the selenium specificity of human selenocysteine lyase
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PLoS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Selenium is an essential trace element incorporated into selenoproteins as selenocysteine. Selenocysteine (Sec) lyases (SCLs) and cysteine (Cys) desulfurases (CDs) catalyze the removal of selenium or sulfur from Sec or Cys, respectively, and generally accept both substrates. Intriguingly, human SCL (hSCL) is specific for Sec even though the only difference between Sec and Cys is a single chalcogen atom. The crystal structure of hSCL was recently determined and gain-of-function protein variants that also could accept Cys as substrate were identified. To obtain mechanistic insight into the chemical basis for its substrate discrimination, we here report time-resolved spectroscopic studies comparing the reactions of the Sec-specific wild-type hSCL and the gain-of-function D146K/H389T variant, when given Cys as a substrate. The data are interpreted in light of other studies of SCL/CD enzymes and offer mechanistic insight into the function of the wild-type enzyme. Based on these results and previously available data we propose a reaction mechanism whereby the Sec over Cys specificity is achieved using a combination of chemical and physico-mechanical control mechanisms.
  •  
10.
  • Rantalainen, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Robust linear models for cis-eQTL analysis
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: PLoS One. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 1932-6203.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) analysis enables characterisation of functional genetic variation influencing expression levels of individual genes. In outbread populations, including humans, eQTLs are commonly analysed using the conventional linear model, adjusting for relevant covariates, assuming an allelic dosage model and a Gaussian error term. However, gene expression data generally have noise that induces heavy-tailed errors relative to the Gaussian distribution and often include atypical observations, or outliers. Such departures from modelling assumptions can lead to an increased rate of type II errors (false negatives), and to some extent also type I errors (false positives). Careful model checking can reduce the risk of type-I errors but often not type II errors, since it is generally too time-consuming to carefully check all models with a non-significant effect in large-scale and genome-wide studies. Here we propose the application of a robust linear model for eQTL analysis to reduce adverse effects of deviations from the assumption of Gaussian residuals. We present results from a simulation study as well as results from the analysis of real eQTL data sets. Our findings suggest that in many situations robust models have the potential to provide more reliable eQTL results compared to conventional linear models, particularly in respect to reducing type II errors due to non-Gaussian noise. Post-genomic data, such as that generated in genome-wide eQTL studies, are often noisy and frequently contain atypical observations. Robust statistical models have the potential to provide more reliable results and increased statistical power under non-Gaussian conditions. The results presented here suggest that robust models should be considered routinely alongside other commonly used methodologies for eQTL analysis.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-10 av 8024
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (7973)
forskningsöversikt (49)
konferensbidrag (1)
recension (1)
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (7963)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (58)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (3)
Författare/redaktör
Zetterberg, Henrik, ... (42)
Blennow, Kaj, 1958 (35)
Olsen, Björn (32)
Melander, Olle (31)
Nilsson, Peter (27)
Nilsson, Staffan, 19 ... (27)
visa fler...
Stattin, Pär (26)
Engström, Gunnar (23)
Sonnerborg, A (22)
Petzold, Max, 1973 (22)
Hemminki, Kari (22)
Schiöth, Helgi B. (21)
Westerlund, Hugo (21)
Mörgelin, Matthias (20)
Lind, Lars (20)
Kahn, Kathleen (20)
Overvad, Kim (19)
Janson, Christer (19)
Uhlén, Mathias (19)
Gisslén, Magnus, 196 ... (19)
Merlo, Juan (19)
Hansson, Oskar (19)
Kere, J (18)
Lundeberg, Joakim (18)
Bergh, Anders (18)
Borén, Jan, 1963 (18)
Orešič, Matej, 1967- (18)
Nielsen, Jens B, 196 ... (17)
Bergström, Göran, 19 ... (17)
Stibrant Sunnerhagen ... (17)
Ekstrom, AM (17)
Försti, Asta (17)
Theorell, Töres (17)
Marrone, G (16)
Jacobsson, Bo, 1960 (16)
Bergquist, Jonas (16)
Hedblad, Bo (16)
Fredriksson, Robert (16)
Hansson, Lars-Anders (16)
Falkmer, Torbjörn (16)
Dillner, J (15)
Trichopoulou, Antoni ... (15)
Tumino, Rosario (15)
Khaw, Kay-Tee (15)
Riboli, Elio (15)
Olsson, T (15)
Lindblad-Toh, Kersti ... (15)
Andersson, S (15)
Jensen, Per (15)
Andersson, Gerhard (15)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Karolinska Institutet (2546)
Uppsala universitet (1399)
Lunds universitet (1301)
Göteborgs universitet (1113)
Umeå universitet (793)
Stockholms universitet (623)
visa fler...
Linköpings universitet (516)
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (503)
Örebro universitet (246)
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (241)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (184)
Linnéuniversitetet (149)
Mittuniversitetet (67)
Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (54)
Jönköping University (49)
Karlstads universitet (46)
Högskolan i Skövde (45)
Högskolan i Gävle (44)
Luleå tekniska universitet (43)
Malmö universitet (43)
Högskolan Kristianstad (38)
Högskolan Dalarna (36)
Södertörns högskola (31)
Mälardalens universitet (24)
Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan (22)
RISE (19)
Högskolan i Halmstad (14)
Högskolan i Borås (13)
Röda Korsets Högskola (12)
Handelshögskolan i Stockholm (11)
Högskolan Väst (7)
Blekinge Tekniska Högskola (6)
Sophiahemmet Högskola (6)
Marie Cederschiöld högskola (5)
VTI - Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut (4)
Nordiska Afrikainstitutet (2)
Försvarshögskolan (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (8018)
Svenska (4)
Odefinierat språk (2)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (3714)
Naturvetenskap (1887)
Samhällsvetenskap (500)
Lantbruksvetenskap (350)
Teknik (189)
Humaniora (85)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy