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- Foros, Øystein, et al.
(author)
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Mer informasjon om rivalenes priser, mindre konkurranse?
- 2022
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In: Samfunnsøkonomen. - : Samfunnsøkonomenes Forening. - 2703-9285 .- 1890-5250.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- «I don’t know if you have had the misfortune of having health economists tell you about Danish cement». Amanda Starc, Kellogg School of Management, i intervju med New York Times (24.06.2019). Det er faglig enighet om at konkurransen forsterkes dersom forbrukerne blir bedre informerte om kvalitet og priser. Dette er motivasjonen bak offentlige tiltak som prisportaler. Fagøkonomer advarer imidlertid ofte om at økt transparens kan medføre at det etableres en (stilltiende) samarbeidslikevekt, og det refereres ofte til en berømt empirisk studie av det danske betongmarkedet, hvor det vises et slående eksempel på hvordan transparens kan føre til høyere priser. Formålet med denne artikkelen er å fremheve at konsekvensen av økt transparens kan være kritisk avhengig av markedskarakteristika. Resultatene fra den danske betongstudien har trolig i for sterk grad preget fagøkonomer og konkurransemyndigheters holdning til pristransparens. Spesielt synes det å ha vært for lite fokus på at økt transparens kan stimulere konkurransen gjennom økt aggressivitet på tilbudssiden.
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| 2. |
- Noda, H., et al.
(author)
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Development of Evaluation Model for Substation Damage
- 2011
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In: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8977 .- 1937-4208. ; 26:3, s. 1920-1926
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Society's demand for power is constantly increasing. To overcome the strains, substations are more commonly being built within urban areas. This has its shortcomings, since a substation poses a level of risk. For the first time, the development of an evaluation model for costs associated with substation incidents in urban areas was achieved by Toshiba with the cooperation of the Chalmers University of Technology. This paper discusses an evaluation model for quantifying damages in comparison between a gas-insulated transformer (GIT) and an oil-immersed transformer (OIT) in urban areas. The related damage costs associated with transformer failure during its operation are studied within this paper. The findings from the case study, utilizing a hypothetical scenario setting, were that the damage cost of OIT is in the range of U.S.$1M-$4M and that of the GIT is about U.S.$0.5M-$1.2M.
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| 3. |
- Nockert, Margareta
(author)
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Textile treasures and simple fabrics
- 2006
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In: In hoc signo vinces. - : Armémuseum, Stockholm. - 9197622001 ; , s. 185-194
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 8. |
- Najdataei, Hannaneh, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Adaptive Stream-based Shifting Bottleneck Detection in IoT-based Computing Architectures
- 2019
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In: IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA. - 1946-0740 .- 1946-0759. ; 2019-September, s. 993-1000
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cloud computing is revolutionizing the backbone of data analysis applications, including industrial ones. One of its main pillars is the separation of the logic with which data is accessed (e.g., to study the efficiency of a manufacturing system) from the actual hardware (e.g., server) that maintains and analyses the data. Large distributed cyber-physical systems enabled by, among other technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT), made nonetheless clear that 'what to do' with the data and 'where to do it' are not disjoint problems; i.e., cloud computing on its own is not enough. Fog and edge computing have emerged as complementary options, to distribute the analysis, helping with challenges by means of close-to-the-source data analysis.We show for a key problem for industrial processes, that of shifting bottleneck detection, how to take advantage of such multi-tier computing architectures, to perform continuous and configurable analysis of data from Manufacturing Execution Systems. We propose a processing framework, STRATUM, and an algorithm, AMBLE, for continuous, data stream processing. STRATUM seamlessly distributes and parallelizes the processing across the tiers and AMBLE guarantees consistent analysis in spite of timing fluctuations, which are commonly introduced due to e.g. the communication system; it also achieves efficiency through appropriate data structures for in-memory processing. The experimental study on a real-world dataset, taken from a production line over two years and including 8.5 million entries, shows the benefits of the proposed solution in enabling configurable and efficient analysis.
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