| 1. |
- Claréus, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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Physicians' gender bias in the diagnostic assessment of medically unexplained symptoms and its effect on patient-physician relations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 60:4, s. 338-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonspecific, functional, and somatoform (NFS) syndromes is an umbrella term for various diagnoses with medically unexplained symptoms. These syndromes are more prevalent among women than among men, and associated with negative preconceptions that can impede rehabilitation. In two studies, we quantitatively assess how patients' gender affects the diagnostic assessment of NFS syndromes, as well as the healthcare experiences of individuals diagnosed with NFS syndromes. In the first study, our vignette-based experiment showed that Swedish general practitioners (N = 90) were gender biased in their diagnostic assessment of NFS syndromes, such that a female patient with back pain was more likely to be assigned a NFS syndrome compared to an otherwise identical male patient. In the second study, a large community sample of Swedish individuals with medically explained (n = 432) and unexplained pain (n = 521) evaluated their treating physician's relational conduct. Even after accounting for a variety of sociodemographic variables and other pain characteristics, women with at least one NFS syndrome percieved their physician's relational conduct as significantly poorer than other women as well as men with and without NFS syndromes. When women's pain is more likely than men's to be assessed as NFS, their rehabilitation could be prolonged as pertient alternative diagnoses and treatments are omittied and their negative healthcare experiences lower their volition to partake and persevere in treatment.
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| 2. |
- Diószegi, Attila, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Austenite Dendrite Morphology in Lamellar Cast Iron
- 2014
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Ingår i: The 10<sup>th</sup> International Symposium on the Science and Processing of Cast Iron, SPCI10, November, Mar del Plata, Argentina, 2014. - : The Institute for Research in Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary austenite has been underestimated in general when the theories of nucleation, solidification, microstructure formation and mechanical properties was established for cast iron and particularly for lamellar cast iron. After extensive use of colour etching during the last two decades it has been found that primary austenite dendrites can be characterized using general morphology parameters like those used for other technical cast alloys with dendritic structure. The present work aims to investigate the primary austenite morphology of as-cast samples of a hypoeutectic lamellar cast iron produced with different cooling rates. Morphological parameters as the area fraction primary austenite, the secondary dendrite arm spacing, the dendrite envelope surface, the coarseness of the primary dendrite expressed as the relation between the volume of the dendrite and its envelope surface and the coarseness of the interdendritic space also known as the hydraulic diameter are measured. Furthermore the role of the size of investigation area is revealed be sequential investigation. A strong relation between all measured morphological parameters and the solidification time have been established excepting the volume fraction of primary austenite which is constant for all cooling conditions.
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| 4. |
- Rahman, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Protofibrillar and Fibrillar Amyloid-β Binding Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1387-2877. ; 66:3, s. 1053-1064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregation and deposition of misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain is central to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oligomeric, protofibrillar, and fibrillar forms of Aβ are believed to be neurotoxic and cause neurodegeneration in AD, but the toxicity mechanisms are not well understood and may involve Aβ-interacting molecular partners. In a previous study, we identified potential Aβ 42 protofibrillar-binding proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using an engineered version of Aβ 42 (Aβ 42 CC) that forms protofibrils, but not fibrils. Here we studied binding of proteins to Aβ 42 fibrils in AD and non-AD CSF and compared these with protofibrillar Aβ 42 CC-binding partners. Aβ 42 fibrils sequestered 2.4-fold more proteins than Aβ 42 CC protofibrils. Proteins with selective binding to fibrillar aggregates with low nanomolar affinity were identified. We also found that protofibrillar and fibrillar Aβ-binding proteins represent distinct functional categories. Aβ 42 CC protofibrils triggered interactions with proteins involved in catalytic activities, like transferases and oxidoreductases, while Aβ 42 fibrils were more likely involved in binding to proteoglycans, growth factors and neuron-Associated proteins, e.g., neurexin-1,-2, and-3. Interestingly, 10 brain-enriched proteins were identified among the fibril-binding proteins, while protofibril-extracted proteins had more general expression patterns. Both types of Aβ aggregates bound several extracellular proteins. Additionally, we list a set of CSF proteins that might have potential to discriminate between AD and non-AD CSF samples. The results may be of relevance both for biomarker studies and for studies of Aβ-related toxicity mechanisms. © 2018-IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Rahman, Md. Mehedi, et al.
(författare)
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SMIFD : Novel Social Media Image Forgery Detection Database
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, 18-20 Dec. 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781728158426
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Image forgery or manipulation changes the contents of a set of original images to create a new image. Unfortunately, manipulated images become a growing concern with respect to spreading misinformation via image sharing in the social media. Despite the availability of a large number of automatic Image Forgery Detection (IFD) methods, their evaluation in real-world benchmarks seems to be limited due to the lack of diverse datasets. Moreover, the motifs behind the manipulation remains unclear. This research aims to address these issues by proposing a novel social media IFD database, called SMIFD-500, to evaluate the efficiency and generalizability of the IFD methods. The unique property of this dataset is the availability of the technical and social attributes in its ground truth annotations. These will benefit the scientific community to develop efficient methods by exploiting such annotations. Moreover, it provides interesting statistics, which highlights the motifs of image manipulation from social science perspective.
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| 6. |
- Rustan, Agne, et al.
(författare)
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Controlled blasting in hard intense jointed rock in tunnels
- 1985
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Ingår i: CIM bulletin. - 0317-0926 .- 1718-4169. ; 78:884, s. 63-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Full-scale tests have been done at LKAB in hard intense jointed magnetite ore. Four different types of perimeter charges have been tested: tube charges, ANFO mixed with plastic beads, detonating cord and linear-shaped charges. Three types of initiation of the perimeter holes have been used: conventional (half-second delay detonators), instantaneous and ultra short cutblasting initiation (1. 5 ms delay). Cutblasting with detonating cord in the perimeter holes gave the smallest damage to the surrounding rock. A new classification system for controlled blasting regarding the damage to the surrounding rock has been devised.
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| 10. |
- Cheng, Qin-Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement and comparison of likelihood functions for model calibration and parameter uncertainty analysis within a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1694 .- 1879-2707. ; 519:Part B, s. 2202-2214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary In this study, the likelihood functions for uncertainty analysis of hydrological models are compared and improved through the following steps: (1) the equivalent relationship between the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient (NSE) and the likelihood function with Gaussian independent and identically distributed residuals is proved; (2) a new estimation method of the Box–Cox transformation (BC) parameter is developed to improve the effective elimination of the heteroscedasticity of model residuals; and (3) three likelihood functions—NSE, Generalized Error Distribution with BC (BC-GED) and Skew Generalized Error Distribution with BC (BC-SGED)—are applied for SWAT-WB-VSA (Soil and Water Assessment Tool – Water Balance – Variable Source Area) model calibration in the Baocun watershed, Eastern China. Performances of calibrated models are compared using the observed river discharges and groundwater levels. The result shows that the minimum variance constraint can effectively estimate the BC parameter. The form of the likelihood function significantly impacts on the calibrated parameters and the simulated results of high and low flow components. SWAT-WB-VSA with the NSE approach simulates flood well, but baseflow badly owing to the assumption of Gaussian error distribution, where the probability of the large error is low, but the small error around zero approximates equiprobability. By contrast, SWAT-WB-VSA with the BC-GED or BC-SGED approach mimics baseflow well, which is proved in the groundwater level simulation. The assumption of skewness of the error distribution may be unnecessary, because all the results of the BC-SGED approach are nearly the same as those of the BC-GED approach.
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