| 1. |
- Wiklund, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Neuro- and cardioprotective effects of blockade of nitric oxide action by administration of methylene blue
- 2007
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In: Neuroprotective agents. - : Wiley. - 9781573316859 ; , s. 231-244
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Methylene blue (MB), generic name methylthioninium (C16H18ClN3 S · 3H2O), is a blue dye synthesized in 1876 by Heinrich Caro for use as a textile dye and used in the laboratory and clinically since the 1890s, with well-known toxicity and pharmacokinetics. It has experimentally proven neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects in a porcine model of global ischemia–reperfusion in experimental cardiac arrest. This effect has been attributed to MB's blocking effect on nitric oxide synthase and guanylyl cyclase, the latter blocking the synthesis of the second messenger of nitric oxide. The physiological effects during reperfusion include stabilization of the systemic circulation without significantly increased total peripheral resistance, moderately increased cerebral cortical blood flow, a decrease of lipid peroxidation and inflammation, and less anoxic tissue injury in the brain and the heart. The last two effects are recorded as less increase in plasma concentrations of astroglial protein S-100β, as well as troponin I and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, respectively.
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| 2. |
- Adding, Christofer, et al.
(author)
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Robotkirurgi ger bra resultat vid radikal prostatektomi. Prostatacancer kan behandlas mer effektivt och skonsamt : [Good results in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Prostatic cancer can be treated more effectively and carefully].
- 2011
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 108:19, s. 1053-1057
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Operationsresultat redovisas för män opererade med radikal prostatektomi – öppen kirurgi jämfört med robotassisterad laparaskopi – under 2002–2006 vid Karolinska universitetssjukhuset, Solna. Män som följdes under minst 1 år besvarade enkätfrågor; 768 robotkirurgiska och 411 öppenkirurgiska operationer utvärderades. Under perioden minskade andelen män med positiv resektionsrand från 37 procent till 22 procent och med erektil dysfunktion från 66 procent till 60 procent. Andelen optimala operationsresultat (»trifecta«) ökade från 19 procent till 28 procent. Vi har inte hittat några indikationer på att införandet av robotkirurgi har försämrat situationen för män diagnostiserade med prostatacancer. Vi kan inte avgöra om de positiva operationsresultaten skulle ha blivit bättre eller sämre om ett utvecklingsprogram för öppen radikal prostatektomi i stället initierats. En nationell studie, LAPPRO, avseende effekterna av de två operationsformerna pågår.
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| 3. |
- Adding, Christofer, et al.
(author)
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Robotkirurgi ger bra resultat vid radikal prostatektomi. Prostatacancer kan behandlas mer effektivt och skonsamt
- 2011
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In: Läkartidningen. - 1652-7518 .- 0023-7205. ; 108:19, s. 1053-1057
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Operationsresultat redovisas för män opererade med radikal prostatektomi – öppen kirurgi jämfört med robotassisterad laparaskopi – under 2002–2006 vid Karolinska universitetssjukhuset, Solna.Män som följdes under minst 1 år besvarade enkätfrågor; 768 robotkirurgiska och 411 öppenkirurgiska operationer utvärderades.Under perioden minskade andelen män med positiv resektionsrand från 37 procent till 22 procent och med erektil dysfunktion från 66 procent till 60 procent. Andelen optimala operationsresultat (»trifecta«) ökade från 19 procent till 28 procent.Vi har inte hittat några indikationer på att införandet av robotkirurgi har försämrat situationen för män diagnostiserade med prostatacancer.Vi kan inte avgöra om de positiva operationsresultaten skulle ha blivit bättre eller sämre om ett utvecklingsprogram för öppen radikal prostatektomi i stället initierats.En nationell studie, LAPPRO, avseende effekterna av de två operationsformerna pågår.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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C-reactive protein is a determinant of first-ever stroke: prospective nested case-referent study.
- 2009
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In: Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9786 .- 1015-9770. ; 27:6, s. 544-51
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a determinant of stroke, but there are no prospective studies on CRP and first ischemic stroke divided into etiologic subtypes. Our primary aim was to study CRP as a determinant of ischemic stroke, classified according to Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a prospective study. A secondary aim was to study the relationship between the 1444C>T polymorphism, plasma levels of CRP and stroke. METHODS: The study was a prospective population-based case-referent study nested within the Northern Sweden Cohorts. We defined 308 cases of ischemic stroke and 61 ICH. Two controls for each case were defined from the same cohort. RESULTS: The OR for the highest (>3 mg/l) versus lowest group (<1 mg/l) of CRP was 2.58 (95% CI 1.74-3.84) for ischemic stroke and 1.63 (95% CI 0.67-3.93) for ICH. In a multivariate model including traditional risk factors, CRP remained associated with ischemic stroke (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.29-3.29). Small-vessel disease was associated with CRP in the multivariate model (OR 3.88; 95% CI 1.10-13.7). The CRP 1444 (CC/CT vs. TT) polymorphism was associated with plasma levels of CRP but neither with ischemic stroke nor with ICH. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective population-based study shows that CRP is significantly associated with the risk of having a first ischemic stroke, especially for small-vessel disease. No significant associations were found between the CRP 1444C>T polymorphism and any stroke subtype.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Thord, et al.
(author)
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WITAS Project at Computer Vision Laboratory; A status report (Jan 1998)
- 1998
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In: Proceedings of the SSAB symposium on image analysis. ; , s. 113-116
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- WITAS will be engaged in goal-directed basic research in the area of intelligent autonomous vehicles and other autonomous systems. In this paper an overview of the project is given together with a presentation of our research interests in the project. The current status of our part in the project is also given.
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| 7. |
- Asplund, Kjell, et al.
(author)
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Relative risks for stroke by age, sex, and population based on follow-up of 18 European populations in the MORGAM Project
- 2009
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In: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 40:7, s. 2319-2326
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Within the framework of the MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) Project, the variations in impact of classical risk factors of stroke by population, sex, and age were analyzed. METHODS: Follow-up data were collected in 43 cohorts in 18 populations in 8 European countries surveyed for cardiovascular risk factors. In 93 695 persons aged 19 to 77 years and free of major cardiovascular disease at baseline, total observation years were 1 234 252 and the number of stroke events analyzed was 3142. Hazard ratios were calculated by Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: Each year of age increased the risk of stroke (fatal and nonfatal together) by 9% (95% CI, 9% to 10%) in men and by 10% (9% to 10%) in women. A 10-mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure involved a similar increase in risk in men (28%; 24% to 32%) and women (25%; 20% to 29%). Smoking conferred a similar excess risk in women (104%; 78% to 133%) and in men (82%; 66% to 100%). The effect of increasing body mass index was very modest. Higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased the risk of stroke more in women (hazard ratio per mmol/L 0.58; 0.49 to 0.68) than in men (0.80; 0.69 to 0.92). The impact of the individual risk factors differed somewhat between countries/regions with high blood pressure being particularly important in central Europe (Poland and Lithuania). CONCLUSIONS: Age, sex, and region-specific estimates of relative risks for stroke conferred by classical risk factors in various regions of Europe are provided. From a public health perspective, an important lesson is that smoking confers a high risk for stroke across Europe.
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| 8. |
- Axén, Elin, et al.
(author)
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Degree of Preservation of Neurovascular Bundles in Radical Prostatectomy and Recurrence of Prostate Cancer
- 2021
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In: European Urology Open Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-1691 .- 2666-1683. ; 30, s. 25-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Reports on possible benefits for continence with nerve-sparing (NS) radical prostatectomy have expanded the indications beyond preservation of erectile function. It is unclear whether NS surgery affects oncological outcomes. Objective: To determine whether the degree of NS during radical prostatectomy influences oncological outcomes. Design, setting, and participants: Of 4003 patients enrolled in a prospective, controlled trial comparing open and robotic radical prostatectomy during 2008–2011, we evaluated 2401 patients who received robotic radical prostatectomy at seven Swedish centres. Patients were followed for 8 yr. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Data for recurrence and positive surgical margin status were assessed using validated patient questionnaires, patient interviews, and clinical record forms before and at 3, 12, and 24 mo and 6 and 8 yr after surgery. Cox and logistic regressions were used to model the effect on recurrence and positive surgical margins (PSM), respectively. Results and limitations: A total of 481 men had PSM and 467 experienced recurrence during follow-up. Median follow-up for men without recurrence was 6.6 yr. There were no statistically significant differences in recurrence rate between degrees of NS. The PSM rate was significantly higher with a higher degree of NS: interfascial NS, odds ratio (OR) 2.32 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69–3.16); intrafascial NS, OR 3.23 (95% CI 2.17–4.80). Recurrence rates were higher for patients with pT2 disease and PSM (hazard ratio [HR] 3.32, 95% CI 2.43–4.53) than for patients with pT3 disease without PSM (HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.66–2.62). The lack of central review of pathological specimens is a limitation. Conclusions: A higher degree of NS significantly increased the risk of PSM but did not significantly increase the risk of cancer recurrence. Combined with the known functional benefits of NS surgery, these results underscore the need to identify an individualised balance. Patient summary: In this report we looked at the effect of a nerve-sparing approach during removal of the prostate on cancer outcomes for patients having robot-assisted surgery at seven Swedish hospitals. We found that a high degree of nerve-sparing increased the rate of cancer positivity at the margins of surgical specimens and that positive surgical margins increased the risk of recurrence of prostate cancer. © 2021 The Authors
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bock, David, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Agreement between patient reported outcomes and clinical reports after radical prostatectomy - a prospective longitudinal study
- 2019
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In: Bmc Urology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2490. ; 19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundIn clinical research information can be retrieved through various sources. The aim is to evaluate the agreement between answers in patient questionnaires and clinical reports in a study of patients after radical prostatectomy and patient characteristics associated with agreement between these two data sources.MethodsIn the prospective non-randomized longitudinal trial LAParoscopic Prostatectomy Robot Open (LAPPRO) 4003 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy at 14 centers in Sweden were followed. Analysis of agreement is made using a variety of methods, including the recently proposed Gwet's AC1, which enables us to handle the limitations of Cohen's Kappa where agreement depends on the underlying prevalence.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative events was consistently reported higher by the patient compared with the clinical reports for all outcomes. Agreement regarding the absence of events (negative agreement) was consistently higher than agreement regarding events (positive agreement) for all outcome variables. Overall impression of agreement depends on which measure used for the assessment. The previously reported desirable properties of Gwet's AC1 as well as the patient characteristics associated with agreement were confirmed.ConclusionThe differences in incidence and agreement across the different variables and time points highlight the importance of carefully assessing which source of information to use in clinical research.
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