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Sökning: WFRF:(Xiang Fengqing)

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1.
  • Palmio, Johanna, et al. (författare)
  • Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure: occurrence in various populations
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 1468-330X .- 0022-3050. ; 85:3, s. 345-353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective Several families with characteristic features of hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure (HMERF) have remained without genetic cause. This international study was initiated to clarify epidemiology and the genetic underlying cause in these families, and to characterise the phenotype in our large cohort. Methods DNA samples of all currently known families with HMERF without molecular genetic cause were obtained from 12 families in seven different countries. Clinical, histopathological and muscle imaging data were collected and five biopsy samples made available for further immunohistochemical studies. Genotyping, exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to identify and confirm sequence variations. Results All patients with clinical diagnosis of HMERF were genetically solved by five different titin mutations identified. One mutation has been reported while four are novel, all located exclusively in the FN3 119 domain (A150) of A-band titin. One of the new mutations showed semirecessive inheritance pattern with subclinical myopathy in the heterozygous parents. Typical clinical features were respiratory failure at mid-adulthood in an ambulant patient with very variable degree of muscle weakness. Cytoplasmic bodies were retrospectively observed in all muscle biopsy samples and these were reactive for myofibrillar proteins but not for titin. Conclusions We report an extensive collection of families with HMERF with five different mutations in exon 343 of TTN, which establishes this exon as the primary target for molecular diagnosis of HMERF. Our relatively large number of new families and mutations directly implies that HMERF is not extremely rare, not restricted to Northern Europe and should be considered in undetermined myogenic respiratory failure.
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2.
  • Paucar, Martin, et al. (författare)
  • Genotype-phenotype analysis in inherited prion disease with eight octapeptide repeat insertional mutation.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Prion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1933-6896 .- 1933-690X. ; 7:6, s. 501-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A minority of inherited prion diseases (IPD) are caused by four to 12 extra octapeptide repeat insertions (OPRI) in the prion protein gene (PRNP). Only four families affected by IPD with 8-OPRI have been reported, one of them was a three-generation Swedish kindred in which four of seven affected subjects had chorea which was initially attributed to Huntington's disease (HD). Following the exclusion of HD, this phenotype was labeled Huntington disease-like 1 (HDL1). Here, we provide an update on the Swedish 8-OPRI family, describe the clinical features of one of its affected members with video-recordings, compare the four 8-OPRI families and study the effect of PRNP polymorphic codon 129 and gender on phenotype. Surprisingly, the Swedish kindred displayed the longest survival of all of the 8-OPRI families with a mean of 15.1 years from onset of symptoms. Subjects with PRNP polymorphic codon 129M in the mutated allele had significantly earlier age of onset, longer survival and earlier age of death than 129V subjects. Homozygous 129MM had earlier age of onset than 129VV. Females had a significantly earlier age of onset and earlier age of death than males. Up to 50% of variability in age of onset was conferred by the combined effect of PRNP polymorphic codon 129 and gender. An inverse correlation between early age of onset and long survival was found for this mutation.
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3.
  • Xiang, Fengqing (författare)
  • Genetic studies of neurological disorders : Rett syndrome and HD-like familial prion disease
  • 2001
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe childhood neurodevelopmental disorder, which almost exclusively affects females with a prevalence of 1 in 10 000-15 000, >99% of the cases are sporadic. It is commonly thought of as an X-linked dominant disorder lethal to males. Concordance among monozygotic twins and disease transmission in a few familial cases suggest genetic aetiology of the disease. Based on the hypothesis by Thomas that a high male to female ratio of germline mutations can explain the lack of affected males in RTT and other X-linked dominant diseases, genomic screening of the whole X chromosome was performed in order to identify the grand-paternal alleles in one RTT family with three generations. The results indicate that the RTT gene is likely to be located on the telomere of X. Further investigations using eight additional families narrowed down the region to Xq28, which was further confirmed by two other groups. Xq28 was then intensively screened for RTT gene until Amir et al. identified mutations in the MECP2 gene. Mutations of the MECP2 gene in our RTT familial and sporadic cases, classical and atypical RTT, were detected in 35%. Mutations included missense, nonsense, deletion or insertion. Due to the low mutation frequency, suggesting that other genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of RTT, mutation screening of six additional candidate genes on the X or autosomal chromosomes (UBE1, UBE21 GdX, SOX3, GABRA3 and CDR2) was performed. These genes were selected based on clinical, pathological, and genetic grounds. No mutation was found in these genes by direct sequencing. Furthermore, gene expression profiles of MECP2, GdX, GABRA3 and LICAM were investigated using in situ hybridization. No gross differences were observed in brain neurons from Rett patients comparing to normal controls. To determine if X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RTT, we analysed XCI pattern in five RTT families. The result showed that all mothers and six out of eight affected girls exhibited a totally skewed pattern of XCI and the paternally inherited X chromosome was active in the patients with a skewed pattern of XCI. Genotyping of the whole X chromosome indicate that a potential locus responsible for the skewed XCI in these families could be located on the short arm of the X chromosome. Mutation screening of MECP2 gene revealed a mutation in only one of the five families. These data led us to propose a model for familial RTT transmission in which two phenomena would be involved: an X-linked locus abnormally escaping XCI and the presence of a skewed XCI in carrier women. Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. The HD gene on chromosome 4p, containing a CAG repeat, was identified in 1993. A family with three generations was referred to us for HD predictive testing. Seven affected family members were diagnosed as HD because of clinical and neuropathological similarities. No CAG repeat expansions were detected and the region containing the HD gene was completely excluded by linkage analysis. In order to map the disease trait in this HD-like family, whole genome screening was per performed using highly polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers. A Lod score of 3.01 was obtained in this family for the marker D20S482 on chromosome 20p, which was the highest Lod score predicted by a simulation test. Haplotype analysis indicated that the gene responsible for this disease was located in a region of 2.7 cM between markers D20S193 and D20S895. Candidate genes from the mapped region were screened for mutations. A 194 bp octapeptide repeat expansion in the N-terminus of the PrP gene was identified in all affected members and not in healthy individuals. This indicates that the HD-like neurodegenerative disorder is in fact a familial prion disease and suggests that clinicians should consider screening for prion gene mutation in individuals with HD-like diseases in which the HD CAG repeat expansions are absent.
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4.
  • 2019
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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