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- Alsterlund, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Yersinia enterocolitica-utbrott på Bjärehalvön visar på risker med kylda matvaror
- 1995
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 92:12, s. 1213-1214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- På sensommaren 1988 hade man i Skåne ett stort lokalt utbrott med 61 fall av infektioner med Yersinia enterocolitica. DEn kliniska bilden var avsevärt mildare än som brukar rapporteras, med diarré, magsmärtor och feber som dominerande symtom, och endast två fall av svårare komplikationer. Den sannolika smittkällan var mjölk från ett litet mejeri där hygienen inte var den bästa, Utbrottet visar på en av många risker med distribution av industriellt framställda kylda livsmedel.
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- Hassan, M, et al.
(författare)
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A mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-enzyme model for cyclophosphamide autoinduction in breast cancer patients
- 1999
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Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 48:5, s. 669-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide (CP) and its main metabolite 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-OH-CP) in patients with breast cancer undergoing high dose chemotherapy prior to autologous stem cell transplantation. An enzyme turn-over model was also developed to study the time course of cyclophosphamide induction. Methods Fourteen patients received a combination of CP (6 g m(-2)), thiotepum (500 mg m(-2)) and carboplatin (800 mg m(-2)) as a 96 h infusion. Plasma concentrations of CP and 4-OH-CP were determined with h.p.l.c. and a pharmacokinetic and enzyme turn-over model applied to data using NONMEM. Results CP plasma concentrations were described by a two-compartment model with a noninducible and an inducible pathway, the latter forming 4-OH-CP. In the final enzyme model, CP affects the amount of enzymes by increasing the enzyme production rate. CP concentrations decreased during the infusion with no subsequent change in 4-OH-CP concentrations. CP inducible and noninducible clearance were estimated to 1.76 1 h(-1) (90% C.I. 0.92-2.58) and 1.14 1 h(-1) (0.31-1.85), respectively. The induction resulted in an approximately doubled CP clearance through the inducible pathway at the end of treatment. The model predicted the enzyme turn-over half-life to be 24 h. Conclusions The presented mechanism-based enzyme induction model where the pharmacokinetics of the inducer and the enzyme pool counterbalance each other successfully described CP autoinduction. It is reasonable to believe that CP affects its own elimination by increasing the enzyme production rate and thereby increasing the amount of enzyme by which CP is eliminated.
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- Josefsson, Ulrika, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The Progress of Groupware Use in Local Government
- 1999
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Ingår i: In Proceedings of the 6th European Conference of Information Technology Evaluation, ECEIT99, Brunel, UK..
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Nilsson, Ulrika K., et al.
(författare)
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Different proliferative responses of Gi/o-protein-coupled receptors in human myometrial smooth muscle cells: a possible role of calcium
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. - 0895-8696 .- 1559-1166. ; 11:1, s. 11-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of studies investigating the proliferative effect of Gi/o-protein-coupled receptor agonists are performed in recombinant receptor systems or cell lines. In these systems the relative stoichiometry of receptors compared to other cell components might be changed, which may lead to anomalies in cellular responses in contrast to natural occurring systems. In the present study, we have used primary cultures of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from human myometrium to characterize the proliferative effects of agonists binding to two different G protein-coupled receptors. Treatment of quiescent SMCs with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and noradrenaline resulted in significant increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation. However, LPA was almost four times more effective than noradrenaline in this respect. The proliferative effects of the agonists could be completely blocked by pertussis toxin, indicating that the response are mediated through Gi/o-proteins. The selective α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) antagonist yohimbine dose-dependently reduced the effect of noradrenaline suggesting that the proliferative response was mediated through α2-ARs. The proliferative effects induced by LPA and noradrenaline was markedly reduced in SMCs treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein and the cAMP elevating compound forskolin. However, LPA but not noradrenaline induced rapid rises in the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i. The ability to increase Ca2+ might be one explanation why LPA produce a more pronounced proliferative response than noradrenaline in primary cultures of human myometrial SMCs.
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