| 1. |
- Kristoffersson, Eleonor, 1972-
(författare)
-
Value Added Tax as a Legal Transplant
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Intertax. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0165-2826 .- 1875-8347. ; 49:2, s. 186-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, Value Added Tax (VAT) is examined as a legal transplant. The legal transplants theory relies on the assumption that legal transplants are the primary driver behind legal change. In order to establish whether this is the case for VAT, the distribution of VAT across the world is examined. This spread, however, should be evaluated against the different legal VAT families that may be identified around the world in order to determine if the identity of the transplanted system remains. That said, VAT families vary over time, and there is no specified definition of different VAT families. The establishment of the relevance of studying VAT as a legal transplant may feasibly lead to a discussion on whether a legal transplant approach is appropriate for comparative research in VAT since such an approach entails a risk for too much emphasis on similarities. The fact that statutes appear to be similar does not necessarily mean that the law is the same due to various factors such as legal culture. However, with an awareness of the inadequacies of the legal transplants approach as a method for comparative studies, the approach may provide valuable insight into explaining the similarities and differences in VAT.
|
|
| 2. |
- Gerell, Manne, et al.
(författare)
-
Open drug markets, vulnerable neighbourhoods and gun violence in two Swedish cities
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1833-5330 .- 2159-5364. ; 16:3, s. 223-244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gun violence is a serious issue in many countries across the globe. It has been shown that there is an elevated risk for a further shooting nearby within a short time span of a shooting incident, so-called near-repeat patterning. The present study presents new evidence on near-repeat patterning in Sweden, with a focus on neighbourhoods which the police have labelled as ‘vulnerable’ – deprived neighbourhoods where criminal networks have a large impact on local communities. Such neighbourhoods tend to have open drug markets, and to have high levels of gun violence. The present paper analyses the association of open drug markets and vulnerable neighbourhoods with gun violence and near-repeat patterning of gun violence in two Swedish cities. Our findings suggest that gun violence is strongly concentrated on open drug markets in vulnerable neighbourhoods, and that those locations in addition exhibit high risks for repeat shootings after an initial shooting event. We propose that the police can use this knowledge to improve practices to prevent or disrupt gun violence.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Grylin, Hanna, 1984-
(författare)
-
Passivitetsrätten vid skattetillägg
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When a taxpayer fails to fulfill the obligation in Chapter 30 Section 1 and Chapter 31 Section 3 of the Swedish Tax Procedure Act, skatteförfarandelagen (2011:1244), the STPA, to submit information about his or her taxable income, he or she becomes liable to pay a tax surcharge. Decisions about tax surcharges can be made in both administrative and criminal proceedings. In fact, decisions on tax surcharges may be made due to a taxpayer’s passiveness during a criminal tax procedure, regardless of the intent. However, the European Court on Human Rights has established that a person’s silence is not, in itself, sufficient proof for a conviction. This causes a tension between the obligation to submit information about taxable income and the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination in the Swedish tax surcharge procedure.The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between the Swedish system of tax surcharge and the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination according to the ECHR, the EU Charter, Article 3 Section 1 (e) of Directive 2012/13/EU and Article 7 of Directive 2016/343/EU. The method used to analyze these problems and discuss solutions combines a legal dogmatic method with an autonomous interpretation of the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination. The analysis shows that problems occur after the point where a taxpayer has been charged with a criminal offence according to the autonomous meaning of the concept. This point in time corresponds to the point in time when action is taken by the Swedish Tax Agency that has a substantial impact on the taxpayer. The analysis also shows that if a tax surcharge is levied only because of a taxpayer’s silence, after that point, there has been a violation of the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination according to the autonomous meaning.The conclusion of the thesis is that there is a need for an amendment to the STPA, which reinforces the autonomous meaning of the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination in the Swedish tax surcharge procedure. This includes new rules in the STPA, which define 1) a duty for the Swedish Tax Agency to inform taxpayers about the right to silence and the right against selfincrimination, 2) the scope of the taxpayer’s obligation to submit information about taxable income in relation to the right to silence and the right against selfincrimination and 3) rules on exemption from tax surcharge when it violates the right to silence and the right against self-incrimination.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Hiort af Ornäs Leijon, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Skattesystemet : övningsbok
- 2022. - 2
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna övningsbok innehåller mer än 120 övningsuppgifter med svar som är utförligt kommenterade. Den hjälper användaren att ta steget från teori till tolkning och tillämpning. Den skapar förutsättningar för en fördjupad förståelse för och överblick över skattesystemets samtliga delar, såsom inkomstskatt, moms och punktskatter. I undervisnings- och inlärningssammanhang kan övningsboken kompletteras med Skattesystemet. Lärobok som följer samma disposition, samt Skattelagboken. På så sätt utgör den en del i ett komplett undervisningspaket i skatterätt. Förutom i undervisning kan boken användas av alla som i yrkes- eller privatliv kommer i kontakt med skatter och som vill fördjupa sina kunskaper om skattesystemet. Skattesystemet. Övningsbok bygger på sin uppskattade föregångare Övningar i skatterätt. Den andra upplagan utgör en uppdatering och en varsam omarbetning av den första upplagan.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
