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Sökning: swepub > Larsson Anders > Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan > Refereegranskat

  • Resultat 1-10 av 28
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1.
  • Idborg, Helena, et al. (författare)
  • Circulating Levels of Interferon Regulatory Factor-5 Associates With Subgroups of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-3224. ; 10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease, which currently lacks specific diagnostic biomarkers. The diversity within the patients obstructs clinical trials but may also reflect differences in underlying pathogenesis. Our objective was to obtain protein profiles to identify potential general biomarkers of SLE and to determine molecular subgroups within SLE for patient stratification. Plasma samples from a cross-sectional study of well-characterized SLE patients (n = 379) and matched population controls (n = 316) were analyzed by antibody suspension bead array targeting 281 proteins. To investigate the differences between SLE and controls, Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction, generalized linear modeling and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were performed. K-means clustering was used to identify molecular SLE subgroups. We identified Interferon regulating factor 5 (IRF5), solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2) and S100 calcium binding protein A12 (S100A12) as the three proteins with the largest fold change between SLE patients and controls (SLE/Control = 1.4, 1.4, and 1.2 respectively). The lowest p-values comparing SLE patients and controls were obtained for S100A12, Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and SLC22A2 (p(adjusted) = 3 x 10(-9), 3 x 10(-6), and 5 x 10(-6) respectively). In a set of 15 potential biomarkers differentiating SLE patients and controls, two of the proteins were transcription factors, i.e., IRF5 and SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF). IRF5 was up-regulated while SPDEF was found to be down-regulated in SLE patients. Unsupervised clustering of all investigated proteins identified three molecular subgroups among SLE patients, characterized by (1) high levels of rheumatoid factor-IgM, (2) low IRF5, and (3) high IRF5. IRF5 expressing microparticles were analyzed by flow cytometry in a subset of patients to confirm the presence of IRF5 in plasma and detection of extracellular IRF5 was further confirmed by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS). Interestingly IRF5, a known genetic risk factor for SLE, was detected extracellularly and suggested by unsupervised clustering analysis to differentiate between SLE subgroups. Our results imply a set of circulating molecules as markers of possible pathogenic importance in SLE. We believe that these findings could be of relevance for understanding the pathogenesis and diversity of SLE, as well as for selection of patients in clinical trials.
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2.
  • Ahmed, Laeeq, et al. (författare)
  • Predicting target profiles with confidence as a service using docking scores
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cheminformatics. - : Springer Nature. - 1758-2946. ; 12:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Identifying and assessing ligand-target binding is a core component in early drug discovery as one or more unwanted interactions may be associated with safety issues. Contributions: We present an open-source, extendable web service for predicting target profiles with confidence using machine learning for a panel of 7 targets, where models are trained on molecular docking scores from a large virtual library. The method uses conformal prediction to produce valid measures of prediction efficiency for a particular confidence level. The service also offers the possibility to dock chemical structures to the panel of targets with QuickVina on individual compound basis. Results: The docking procedure and resulting models were validated by docking well-known inhibitors for each of the 7 targets using QuickVina. The model predictions showed comparable performance to molecular docking scores against an external validation set. The implementation as publicly available microservices on Kubernetes ensures resilience, scalability, and extensibility.
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3.
  • Appelgren, Patrik, et al. (författare)
  • Experimental Study of Electromagnetic Effects on Solid Copper Jets
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 77:1, s. 011010-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we present a study of the interaction between all electric current pulse and a solid copper jet. Experiments were performed using a dedicated pulsed power supply delivering a current pulse of such amplitude, rise little, and duration that the jet is efficiently affected. The copper jet was created by using a shaped charge warhead. All electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm was used. The discharge current pulse and the voltages at the capacitors and at the electrodes were measured to obtain data oil energy deposition in and the resistance of the jet and electrode contact region. X-ray diagnostics were used to radiograph the jet, and by analyzing the radiograph, the degree of disruption of the electrified jet could be obtained. It was found that a current pulse with an amplitude of 200-250 kA and a rise time of 16 mu s could strongly enhance the natural fragmentation of the jet. In this case, the initial electric energy was 100 kJ and about 90% of the electric energy was deposited in the jet and electrodes. At the exit of the electrode region, the jet fragments formed rings with a radial velocity of up to 200 m/s, depending oil the initial electric energy in the pulsed power supply. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3172251]
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4.
  • Appelgren, Patrik, et al. (författare)
  • Interaction between solid copper jets and powerful electrical current pulses
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 78:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The interaction between a solid copper jet and an electric current pulse is studied. Copper jets that were created by a shaped-charge device were passed through an electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm. The electrodes were connected to a pulsed-power supply delivering a current pulse with amplitudes up to 250 kA. The current and voltages were measured, providing data on energy deposition in the jet and electrode contact region, and flash X-ray diagnostics were used to depict the jet during and after electrification. The shape of, and the velocity distributions along, the jet has been used to estimate the correlation between the jet mass flow through the electrodes and the electrical energy deposition. On average, 2.8 kJ/g was deposited in the jet and electrode region, which is sufficient to bring the jet up to the boiling point. A model based on the assumption of a homogenous current flow through the jet between the electrodes underestimates the energy deposition and the jet resistance by a factor 5 compared with the experiments, indicating a more complex current flow through the jet. The experimental results indicate the following mechanism for the enhancement of jet breakup. When electrified, the natural-formed necks in the jet are subjected to a higher current density compared with other parts of the jet. The higher current density results in a stronger heating and a stronger magnetic pinch force. Eventually, the jet material in the neck is evaporated and explodes electrically, resulting in a radial ejection of vaporized jet material.
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5.
  • Appelgren, Patrik, et al. (författare)
  • Modeling of a small helical magnetic flux compression generator
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. - 0093-3813 .- 1939-9375. ; 36:5, s. 2662-2672
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    •  In order to gain experience in explosive pulsed power and to provide experimental data as the basis for computer modeling, a small high-explosive-driven helical magnetic flux-compression generator (FCG) was designed at the Swedish Defence Research Agency. The generator, of which three have been built, has an overall length of 300 mm and a diameter of 70 mm. It could serve as the energy source in a pulse-forming network to generate high-power pulses for various loads. This paper presents a simulation model of this helical FCG. The model, which was implemented in Matlab-Simulink, uses analytical expressions for the generator inductance. The model of resistive losses takes into account the heating of the conductors and the diffusion of the magnetic field into the conductors. The simulation results are compared with experimental data from two experiments with identical generators but with different seed currents, influencing the resistive losses. The model is used to analyze the performance of the generator.
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6.
  • Appelgren, Patrik, et al. (författare)
  • Small Helical Magnetic Flux-Compression Generators : Experiments and Analysis
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. - 0093-3813 .- 1939-9375. ; 36:5, s. 2673-2683
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In order to gain experience in explosive pulsed power and to provide experimental data for modeling, a small high-explosive-driven helical magnetic flux-compression generator (FCG) was designed at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI). The generator, of which three have been built, has an overall length of 300 mm and a diameter of 70 mm. It could serve as the energy source in a pulse-forming network to generate high power pulses for various loads. This paper presents the design of, and tests with, this helical FCG. The generator had an initial inductance of 23 mu H and was operated into a load of 0.2 mu H. The generator is charged with 0.27 kg of high explosives (PBXN-5). Various types of diagnostics were used to monitor the operation of the generator, including current probes, optical fibers, and piezo gauges. With seed currents of 5.7 and 11.2 kA, final currents of 269 and 436 kA were obtained, corresponding to current amplification factors of 47 and 39. The peak of the current was reached about 30 mu s after the time of crowbar. The two generators showed only small losses in terms of 2 pi-clocking. Using signals from optical fibers, the deflection angle of the armature could be determined to be 10 degrees in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations of the detonation process and the detonation velocity to be 8.7 km/s in agreement with tabulated value.
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7.
  • Elfsberg, Mattias, et al. (författare)
  • Experimental Studies of Anode and Cathode Materials in a Repetitive Driven Axial Vircator
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. - 0093-3813 .- 1939-9375. ; 36, s. 688-693
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    •  Repetitive use of a high-power microwave (HPM) radiation source implies strong erosion on cathode and anode materials. Electrode material endurance has been studied in a series of experiments with an axial vircator powered by a compact Marx generator. The Marx generator operated in a 10 Hz repetitive mode with a burst of ten pulses. Velvet and graphite was used as electron-emitting materials, and they showed markedly different pulse characteristics. Three different anode materials were used; stainless steel mesh, stainless steel wires and molybdenum wires, which all had different influence on the pulse characteristics.
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8.
  • Hrastinski, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Encouraging participation in an intra - organizational online idea community : A case study of a Swedish municipality
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: First Monday. - : University of Illinois Libraries. - 1396-0466. ; 16:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Online communities have flourished in organizations in recent years, but large numbers of them fail. A deeper understanding of how participation can be promoted in online idea communities (OIC) is essential, because the most common reason of failure is low levels of participation. In this paper, we investigated how participation could be encouraged in an intra-organizational OIC. Our case organization was Sollentuna municipality in Sweden. They decided to introduce an OIC to collect ideas from staff as input when developing the municipality's forthcoming IT strategy. We used the theory of online identity-based communities (Ren, et al., 2007) as a lens and a mixed research method comprising interviews and an analysis of the content of the OIC. While this theoretical perspective certainly has merits on its own, the study topic at hand made it necessary to complement the theory with more specific design principles that take the unique characteristics of intra-organiztional OIC into account. These included that managers were expected by staff to be core members of the community, frequent and complementing promotion activities were necessary in order for the OIC to be used, very low entry barriers were expected, and the employees expected the discussion to be focused, both in terms of content and time. The design principles need to be tested and further developed, by conducting studies on other OIC.
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9.
  • Larsson, Anders Olof, 1979-, et al. (författare)
  • Blogs and blogging : Current trends and future directions
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: First Monday. - : University of Illinois Libraries. - 1396-0466. ; 16:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Adopting an interdisciplinary scope, this paper presents a review of research on blogs and blogging within the social sciences and the humanities. It maps out what kind of research has been completed, how it has been performed and what gaps that might need to be filled in this relatively new area of research. More specifically, the paper will analyze all articles on blogs and blogging published until 2009 and indexed by the ISI Web of Knowledge.
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10.
  • Fu, Ying, et al. (författare)
  • Energy band structure and spectral gain characteristics of dilute-nitride zinc blende InGaNAs quantum wells embedded in GaAs and GaNAs barriers
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 100:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The spectral gain characteristics of dilute-nitride zinc blende InxGa1-xNyAs1-y quantum wells embedded in GaNy1As1-y1 barriers have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Two samples, both with the gain peak at 1300 nm, were studied for comparison. One has a high nitrogen concentration in the quantum well with the surrounding barriers being pure GaAs. The other has a lower and uniform nitrogen concentration in the quantum well and the barriers (GaNAs barriers). Measurements show the redshift of the gain peak induced by the incorporation of nitrogen and difference in the spectral gain characteristics. The energy band structures and spectral gain characteristics are analyzed theoretically using the standard eight-band k center dot p theory. It is shown that the introduction of nitrogen atoms in the GaAs barriers reduces the barrier height for the central quantum well so that the energy sublevels in the conduction band becomes condensed. The condensation of the conduction-band energy sublevels reduces the peak gain and makes the gain spectrum narrower, in agreement with measurements.
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