Glycerol metabolism and the determination of triglycerides--clinical, biochemical and molecular findings in six subjects.

• Recent recommendations in the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATPIII) are expected to increase the number of triglyceride (TG) determinations and consequently the risk of misinterpretation of "non-blanked" results with co-determination of free glycerol. Glycerol-kinase deficiency (GKD) is one cause of falsely elevated TG results. The natural history of isolated GKD with symptom-free cases and cases with e.g. severe episodes of hypoglycemia and/or ketoacidosis challenges the laboratories to identify cases of GKD and family members at risk. "Blanked" methods reporting both glycerol and TG concentration are therefore desirable. Molecular studies of the glycerol kinase (GK) and DAX1 genes were performed on four cases of "persistent hypertriglyceridemia" found in an Italian population and on two pediatric cases with high serum glycerol concentration. Two new missense mutations were found (C358Y, T961). Molecular modeling on GK from E. coli, indicate that these mutations are located in parts of the enzyme important for enzyme formation or activity. One splice-site mutation, (IVS9A-1G>A), was found in two brothers. Splice-junction analysis indicates that it destroys the splice site and results in a mixture of mRNA. Deletion of the GK and DAX1 genes was found in one child with symptoms of adrenal failure. A female with glycerolemia and glyceroluria had normal GK activity but possibly slightly decreased ability to oxidize glycerol.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinsk bioteknologi -- Medicinsk bioteknologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Medical Biotechnology -- Medical Biotechnology (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Cell- och molekylärbiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Cell and Molecular Biology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Adrenal Gland Diseases

genetics

Alleles

Alternative Splicing

Amino Acid Sequence

Child

Child

Preschool

DAX-1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor

DNA Primers

chemistry

DNA-Binding Proteins

genetics

Female

Genetic Heterogeneity

Glycerol

metabolism

Glycerol Kinase

deficiency

genetics

Humans

Hypertriglyceridemia

enzymology

genetics

Male

Middle Aged

Models

Molecular

Molecular Sequence Data

Mutation

Missense

Polymerase Chain Reaction

RNA

Messenger

genetics

metabolism

Receptors

Retinoic Acid

genetics

Repressor Proteins

Sequence Deletion

Sequence Homology

Amino Acid

Transcription Factors

genetics

Triglycerides

metabolism

Publikations- och innehållstyp

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