Characterization of the degree of food processing in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition: application of the nova classification and validation using selected biomarkers of food processing

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Characterization of the degree of food processing in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition : application of the nova classification and validation using selected biomarkers of food processing

Huybrechts, Inge (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Rauber, Fernanda (författare): Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Nicolas, Geneviève (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

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Casagrande, Corinne (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization,Aarhus University

Kliemann, Nathalie (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Wedekind, Roland (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Biessy, Carine (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Scalbert, Augustin (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Touvier, Mathilde (författare): Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Paris, France

Aleksandrova, Krasimira (författare): Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany; Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany,Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS GmbH

Jakszyn, Paula (författare): Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain

Skeie, Guri (författare): Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

Bajracharya, Rashmita (författare): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Boer, Jolanda M. A. (författare): Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands

Borné, Yan (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö,Medicinska fakulteten,Nutritionsepidemiologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö,Faculty of Medicine,Nutrition Epidemiology,Lund University Research Groups

Chajes, Veronique (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Dahm, Christina C. (författare): Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

Dansero, Lucia (författare): Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health (C-BEPH), University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Guevara, Marcela (författare): Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,Navarre Public Health Institute (ISPN)

Heath, Alicia K. (författare): Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Ibsen, Daniel B. (författare): Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark

Papier, Keren (författare): Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,Oxford University Hospital

Katzke, Verena (författare): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Kyrø, Cecilie (författare): Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark

Masala, Giovanna (författare): Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Stockholm branch

Molina-Montes, Esther (författare): Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

Robinson, Oliver J. K. (författare): MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Santiuste de Pablos, Carmen (författare): CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain

Schulze, Matthias B. (författare): Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

Simeon, Vittorio (författare): Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy,University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli

Sonestedt, Emily (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö,Medicinska fakulteten,Nutritionsepidemiologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö,Faculty of Medicine,Nutrition Epidemiology,Lund University Research Groups

Tjønneland, Anne (författare): Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tumino, Rosario (författare): Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research, AIRE ONLUS, Ragusa, Italy

van der Schouw, Yvonne T. (författare): Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

Verschuren, W. M. Monique (författare): Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

Vozar, Beatrice (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Winkvist, Anna (författare): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Umeå University,Umeå universitet,Avdelningen för hållbar hälsa,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för invärtesmedicin och klinisk nutrition,Institute of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition

Gunter, Marc J. (författare): Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France,International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization

Monteiro, Carlos A. (författare): Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Millett, Christopher (författare): Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Levy, Renata Bertazzi (författare): Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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2022-12-16
2022
Engelska.
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-861X. ; 9

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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)

Abstract Ämnesord

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Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between the degree of food processing in our diet and the risk of various chronic diseases. Much of this evidence is based on the international Nova classification system, which classifies food into four groups based on the type of processing: (1) Unprocessed and minimally processed foods, (2) Processed culinary ingredients, (3) Processed foods, and (4) “Ultra-processed” foods (UPF). The ability of the Nova classification to accurately characterise the degree of food processing across consumption patterns in various European populations has not been investigated so far. Therefore, we applied the Nova coding to data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) in order to characterize the degree of food processing in our diet across European populations with diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds and to validate this Nova classification through comparison with objective biomarker measurements.Methods: After grouping foods in the EPIC dataset according to the Nova classification, a total of 476,768 participants in the EPIC cohort (71.5% women; mean age 51 [standard deviation (SD) 9.93]; median age 52 [percentile (p)25–p75: 58–66] years) were included in the cross-sectional analysis that characterised consumption patterns based on the Nova classification. The consumption of food products classified as different Nova categories were compared to relevant circulating biomarkers denoting food processing, measured in various subsamples (N between 417 and 9,460) within the EPIC cohort via (partial) correlation analyses (unadjusted and adjusted by sex, age, BMI and country). These biomarkers included an industrial transfatty acid (ITFA) isomer (elaidic acid; exogenous fatty acid generated during oil hydrogenation and heating) and urinary 4-methyl syringol sulfate (an indicator for the consumption of smoked food and a component of liquid smoke used in UPF).Results: Contributions of UPF intake to the overall diet in % grams/day varied across countries from 7% (France) to 23% (Norway) and their contributions to overall % energy intake from 16% (Spain and Italy) to >45% (in the UK and Norway). Differences were also found between sociodemographic groups; participants in the highest fourth of UPF consumption tended to be younger, taller, less educated, current smokers, more physically active, have a higher reported intake of energy and lower reported intake of alcohol. The UPF pattern as defined based on the Nova classification (group 4;% kcal/day) was positively associated with blood levels of industrial elaidic acid (r = 0.54) and 4-methyl syringol sulfate (r = 0.43). Associations for the other 3 Nova groups with these food processing biomarkers were either inverse or non-significant (e.g., for unprocessed and minimally processed foods these correlations were –0.07 and –0.37 for elaidic acid and 4-methyl syringol sulfate, respectively).Conclusion: These results, based on a large pan-European cohort, demonstrate sociodemographic and geographical differences in the consumption of UPF. Furthermore, these results suggest that the Nova classification can accurately capture consumption of UPF, reflected by stronger correlations with circulating levels of industrial elaidic acid and a syringol metabolite compared to diets high in minimally processed foods.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Näringslära (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

biomarkers
elaidic acid
EPIC
food processing
Nova
syringol
biomarkers
elaidic acid
EPIC
food processing
Nova
syringol

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Av författaren/redakt...: Huybrechts, Inge; Rauber, Fernanda; Nicolas, Geneviè ...; Casagrande, Cori ...; Kliemann, Nathal ...; Wedekind, Roland; visa fler...; Biessy, Carine; Scalbert, August ...; Touvier, Mathild ...; Aleksandrova, Kr ...; Jakszyn, Paula; Skeie, Guri; Bajracharya, Ras ...; Boer, Jolanda M. ...; Borné, Yan; Chajes, Veroniqu ...; Dahm, Christina ...; Dansero, Lucia; Guevara, Marcela; Heath, Alicia K.; Ibsen, Daniel B.; Papier, Keren; Katzke, Verena; Kyrø, Cecilie; Masala, Giovanna; Molina-Montes, E ...; Robinson, Oliver ...; Santiuste de Pab ...; Schulze, Matthia ...; Simeon, Vittorio; Sonestedt, Emily; Tjønneland, Anne; Tumino, Rosario; van der Schouw, ...; Verschuren, W. M ...; Vozar, Beatrice; Winkvist, Anna; Gunter, Marc J.; Monteiro, Carlos ...; Millett, Christo ...; Levy, Renata Ber ...; visa färre...

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