Across the world, human (anthropophonic) sounds add to sounds of biological (biophonic) and geophysical (geophonic) origin, with human contributions including both speech and technophony (sounds of technological devices). To characterize society’s contribution to the global soundscapes, we used passive acoustic recorders at 139 sites across 6 continents, sampling both urban green spaces and nearby pristine sites continuously for 3 years in a paired design. Recordings were characterized by bird species richness and by 14 complementary acoustic indices. By relating each index to seasonal, diurnal, climatic and anthropogenic factors, we show here that latitude, time of day and day of year each predict a substantial proportion of variation in key metrics of biophony—whereas anthropophony (speech and traffic) show less predictable patterns. Compared to pristine sites, the soundscape of urban green spaces is more dominated by technophony and less diverse in terms of acoustic energy across frequencies and time steps, with less instances of quiet. We conclude that the global soundscape is formed from a highly predictable rhythm in biophony, with added noise from geophony and anthropophony. At urban sites, animals experience an increasingly noisy background of sound, which poses challenges to efficient communication.
Roslin, TomasSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,University of Helsinki,Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden.;Univ Helsinki, Fac Biol & Environm Sci, Ecosyst & Environm Res Programme, Helsinki, Finland.(Swepub:slu)101439
(författare)
Fisher, Brian L.Madagascar Biodiversity Center,California Academy of Sciences,,Madagascar Biodivers Ctr, Antananarivo, Madagascar.;Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA USA.
(författare)
Hardwick, BessUniversity of Helsinki,Univ Helsinki, Fac Biol & Environm Sci, Organismal & Evolutionary Biol Res Programme, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Kerdraon, DeirdreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden.
(författare)
Piirainen, EskoFinnish Museum of Natural History,Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Lumme, MarkusFinnish Museum of Natural History,Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Riihikoski, Ville MattiFinnish Museum of Natural History,Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Acevedo-Charry, OrlandoFlorida Museum Natural History,Alexander Von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institut, Bogota,,Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA.;Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL USA.;Univ Malakand, Dept Chem, Malakand, Pakistan.
(författare)
Adalsteinsson, Solny A.Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för biologi och miljövetenskap,Extern,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences,External,Washington University in St. Louis,Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,University of Gothenburg,University of Oxford,Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,Washington Univ, Tyson Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA.,Kew, Royal Bot Gardens, London, England.;Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Gothenburg Global Biodivers Ctr, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Oxford, Dept Biol, Oxford, England.(Swepub:gu)xantal
(författare)
Antonelli, Alexandre,1978Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för biologi och miljövetenskap,Extern,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences,External,University of Porto,Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBIO Lab Associado, Campus Vairao, Vairao, Portugal.;CIBIO, BIOPOLIS Program Genom Biodivers & Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal.,Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Biosci Ctr, Lab Bioacoust & EcoAcoust Res Hub, Natal, RN, Brazil.;Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Grad Program Ecol, Biosci Ctr, Natal, RN, Brazil.(Swepub:gu)xantal
(författare)
Arroyo Almeida, SantiagoUniversidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador,,Univ San Francisco Quito, Tiputini Biodivers Stn, Tiputini, Ecuador.
(författare)
Aster, InesTiroler Landesmuseen,,Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Dept Nat Hist Collect, Hall In Tirol, Austria.;Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Res Ctr SFZ, Hall In Tirol, Austria.
(författare)
Baldauf, MarioTiroler Landesmuseen,,Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Dept Nat Hist Collect, Hall In Tirol, Austria.;Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Res Ctr SFZ, Hall In Tirol, Austria.
(författare)
Balestrieri, RosarioStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn,CRIMAC, Dept Integrat Marine Ecol, Stn Zool Anton Dohrn, Amendolara, Italy.
(författare)
Banelyte, Gaia GiedreSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden.
(författare)
Barrett, AdrianDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Western Australian government,,Western Australian Dept Biodivers Conservat & Att, Perth, WA, Australia.
(författare)
Beja, PedroUniversity of Porto,University of Lisbon,Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBIO Lab Associado, Campus Vairao, Vairao, Portugal.;CIBIO, BIOPOLIS Program Genom Biodivers & Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, Inst Agron, InBIO Lab Associado, CIBIO,Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Lisbon, Portugal.
(författare)
Berg, Thomas OlofAntonelli Foundation for Biodiversity Research and Conservation Insamlingsstiftelse,,Fundacao Antonelli Brasil, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.
(författare)
Bergerot, BenjaminUniversity of Rennes I,University of Alaska Fairbanks,Univ Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6553, ECOBIO, Rennes, France.,Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
(författare)
Biro, Elizabeth G.Washington University in St. Louis,Washington Univ, Tyson Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA.
(författare)
Blendinger, Pedro G.Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina,UNT, CONICET, Inst Ecol Reg, Yerba Buena, Argentina.
(författare)
Bollache, LoïcUniversity of Franche-Comté,Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique,,Univ Marie & Louis Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 6249, Chronoenvironm, Besancon, France.;Grp Rech Ecol Arct, Francheville, France.
(författare)
Bou Dagher Kharrat, MagdaEuropean Forest Institute (EFI),Saint Joseph University,European Forest Institute,,Barcelona Off St Pau, European Forest Inst, Barcelona, Spain.;Univ St Joseph, Fac Sci, Lab Biodiversite & Genom Fonct, Campus Sci & Technol, Beirut, Lebanon.
(författare)
Boyer, StephaneUniversity Of Tours,François Rabelais University,Univ Tours, CNRS, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, UMR 7261, Tours, France.
(författare)
Bridell, ErikaUppsala universitet,Institutionen för ekologi och genetik(Swepub:uu)erhal424
(författare)
Brotherson, MartynBotanic Gardens and Parks Authority (BGPA),,Western Australian Dept Biodivers Conservat & Att, Botan Gardens & Pk Author, Perth, WA, Australia.
(författare)
Brown, Leslie RobertUniversity of South Africa,Univ South Africa, Dept Environm Sci, Appl Behav Ecol & Ecosyst Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa.
(författare)
Buckley, Hannah L.Auckland University of Technology,Auckland Univ Technol, Sch Sci, Auckland, New Zealand.
(författare)
Sousa-Lima, Renata S.Technical University of Munich,Berchtesgaden National Park,Dresden University of Technology,,Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,University of Duisburg-Essen,Trier University of Applied Sciences,Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Forest Management Grp, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.;Berchtesgaden Natl Pk, Res & Monitoring, Berchtesgaden, Germany.;TUD Dresden Univ Technol, Forest Zool, Tharandt, Germany.,Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Biosci Ctr, Lab Bioacoust & EcoAcoust Res Hub, Natal, RN, Brazil.,Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Biol, Essen, Germany.;Univ Appl Sci Trier, Environm Campus Birkenfeld, Birkenfeld, Germany.
(författare)
Chang, JenyuTaiwan Agricultural Research Institute,,Agr Res Inst Taiwan, Div Agr Chem, Taichung, Taiwan.
(författare)
Chaparro, Juan MatíasNational Institute of Aerospace Technology,Natl Inst Aerosp Technol INTA, Madrid, Spain.
(författare)
Chen, Chi LingTaiwan Agricultural Research Institute,,Agr Res Inst Taiwan, Div Agr Chem, Taichung, Taiwan.
(författare)
Stanley, Margaret C.University of Moncton,Canada Research Chairs,,University of Auckland,Univ Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.;Canada Res Chair Polar & Boreal Ecol, Moncton, NB, Canada.;Ctr Etud Nord, Moncton, NB, Canada.,Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Biodivers & Biosecur, Auckland, New Zealand.
(författare)
Christensson, MadeleineSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, Dept Ecol, Riddarhyttan, Sweden.(Swepub:slu)93298
(författare)
Colom-Montero, WilliamUppsala universitet,Institutionen för ekologi och genetik(Swepub:uu)wilco343
(författare)
da Fonseca, Ricardo do SacramentoAssociação Monte Pico,Monte Pico Assoc, Monte Cafe, Sao Tome & Prin.
(författare)
Da Silva, Luís P.University of Porto,Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBIO Lab Associado, Campus Vairao, Vairao, Portugal.;CIBIO, BIOPOLIS Program Genom Biodivers & Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal.
(författare)
Dal Molin, AnamariaFederal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Biosci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Natal, RN, Brazil.
(författare)
Dallas, TadUniversity of South Carolina,Univ South Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC USA.
(författare)
de Francesco, Maria CarlaUniversity of Molise,Univ Molise, Dept Bioscience & Terr, Termoli, Italy.
(författare)
Del Ángel-Rodríguez, Jorge ArturoColectivo de Académicos Sudcalifornianos,,Colectivo Acad Sudcalifornianos AC, La Paz, Mexico.
(författare)
Dorigo, ThiagoAntonelli Foundation for Biodiversity Research and Conservation Insamlingsstiftelse,State University of Rio de Janeiro,,Fundacao Antonelli Brasil, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.;Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Inst Biol Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
(författare)
Douwes, ErroleThekwini Municipality,University of KwaZulu-Natal,,eThekwini Municipal, Biodivers Management Dept, Durban, South Africa.;Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa.
(författare)
Ekrem, TorbjørnNorwegian University of Science and Technology,Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Trondheim, Norway.
(författare)
Enderskog, HelenaUppsala universitet,Institutionen för ekologi och genetik(Swepub:uu)heleende
(författare)
Erefur, CharlottaSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Enheten för skoglig fältforskning,Unit for Field-based Forest Research,Swedish Univ Agicultural Sci, Unit Field Based Forest Res, Svartberget Res Stn, Uppsala, Sweden.(Swepub:slu)47672
(författare)
Fahad, MuhammadInternational School and College of Cordoba,,Int Sch & Coll Cordoba, Batkhela Campus, Malakand, Pakistan.
(författare)
Falahati-Anbaran, MohsenNorwegian University of Science and Technology,Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Trondheim, Norway.
(författare)
Farrell, ArielleSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden.
(författare)
Ferland, GabrielUniversity of Guelph,Guelph Univ, Guelph, ON, Canada.
(författare)
Ferrari, EmanueleCNR Water research institute (IRSA),,CNR, Ist Ric Acque, Brugherio, Italy.
(författare)
Forero, FernandoReserva Natural y Cascadas Los Tucanes,,Reserva Nat & Cascadas Tucanes, Gachantiva, Colombia.
(författare)
Freiberga, IngaInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
(författare)
Ganchozo Intriago, Luis AlbertoUniversidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador,,Univ San Francisco Quito, Tiputini Biodivers Stn, Tiputini, Ecuador.
(författare)
Garzoli, LauraCNR Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Water Res Inst CNR IRSA, Natl Res Council, Verbania, Italy.
(författare)
Giacomotti, PaolaCNR Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Water Res Inst CNR IRSA, Natl Res Council, Verbania, Italy.
(författare)
Gianuca, Andros T.Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Ecol, Natal, RN, Brazil.
(författare)
Gilg, OlivierUniversity of Franche-Comté,Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique,,Univ Marie & Louis Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 6249, Chronoenvironm, Besancon, France.;Grp Rech Ecol Arct, Francheville, France.
(författare)
Gilg, VladimirGroupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique,,Grp Rech Ecol Arct, Francheville, France.
(författare)
Gísladóttir, FanneyAgricultural University of Iceland,Agr Univ Iceland, Hvanneyri, Iceland.
(författare)
Glowacki, RyanBotanic Gardens and Parks Authority (BGPA),,Western Australian Dept Biodivers Conservat & Att, Botan Gardens & Pk Author, Perth, WA, Australia.
(författare)
Haase, PeterSenckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt,University of Duisburg-Essen,Senckenberg Res Inst, Dept River Ecol & Conservat, Frankfurt, Germany.;Nat Hist Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.;Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Biol, Essen, Germany.
(författare)
Hadi, FazalUniversity of Malakand,,Univ Malakand, Dept Biotechnol, Malakand, Pakistan.
(författare)
Haidegger, MagdalenaKarwendel Nature Park,,Nat Pk Karwendel, Hall In Tirol, Austria.
(författare)
Hansen, Leivur JanusFaroe Islands National Museum (Tjóðsavnið),,Faroe Isl Natl Museum Tjoosavnio, Hoyvik, Faroe Islands, Denmark.
(författare)
Hansen, Lars HolstAarhus University,Aarhus Univ, Dept Ecosci, Roskilde, Denmark.
(författare)
Harrop, ReidUniversity of Guelph,Ctr Biodivers Genom, Collect Team, Guelph, ON, Canada.
(författare)
Houska Tahadlova, MarketaInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,University of South Bohemia,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.;Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
(författare)
Haenninen, JariUniversity of Turku,Univ Turku, Archipelago Res Inst, Turku, Finland.
(författare)
Hoeglund, LindaSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, Dept Ecol, Riddarhyttan, Sweden.(Swepub:slu)92659
(författare)
Í Haraldsstovu, KolbrúnFaroe Islands National Museum (Tjóðsavnið),,Faroe Isl Natl Museum Tjoosavnio, Hoyvik, Faroe Islands, Denmark.
(författare)
Imbeau, EliseUniversity of Guelph,Guelph Univ, Guelph, ON, Canada.
(författare)
Inkinen, JasminUniversity of Turku,Univ Turku, Archipelago Res Inst, Turku, Finland.
(författare)
Ishihara, Masae IwamotoKyoto University,Kyoto Univ, Field Sci Educ & Res Ctr, Ashiu Forest Res Stn, Kyoto, Japan.
(författare)
Jackson, Abigail C.University of Alaska Fairbanks,Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
(författare)
Jansson, GunnarSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, Dept Ecol, Riddarhyttan, Sweden.(Swepub:slu)47094
(författare)
Jha, RohitLouisiana State University,Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
(författare)
Kaus-Thiel, AndreaNationalpark Hunsrück-Hochwald,,Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Toolik Field Stn, Fairbanks, AK USA.;Natl Parkamt Hunsruck Hochwald, Birkenfeld, Germany.
(författare)
Khan, AsgharGovernment Degree College Totakan,,Govt Degree Coll Totakan, Dept Bot, Malakand, Pakistan.
(författare)
Khan, QaisarUniversity of Malakand,,Univ Malakand, Dept Chem, Malakand, Pakistan.
(författare)
Rogers, Hanna M. K.Kyoto University,Station Linne,Station Linné,University of Jyväskylä,University of Helsinki,Saint Joseph University,,Technical University of Munich,Berchtesgaden National Park,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,University of South Bohemia,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,University of Oulu,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Kyoto Univ, Field Sci Educ & Res Ctr, Ashiu Forest Res Stn, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Field Sci & Educ Res Ctr, Hokkaido Forest Res Stn, Kyoto, Japan.,Stn Linne, Farjestaden, Sweden.,Univ Jyvaskyla, Konnevesi Res Stn, Konnevesi, Finland.,Univ Helsinki, Lammi Biol Stn, Helsinki, Finland.,Univ St Joseph, Fac Sci, Lab Biodiversite & Genom Fonct, Campus Sci & Technol, Beirut, Lebanon.,Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Forest Management Grp, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.;Berchtesgaden Natl Pk, Res & Monitoring, Berchtesgaden, Germany.,Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.;Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Univ Oulu, Ecol & Genet Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.
(författare)
Kipngetich, Shadrack ChumoEgerton University,Egerton Univ, Njoro, Kenya.
(författare)
Klante, ClemensDivision of Water Resources Engineering,Avdelningen för Teknisk vattenresurslära,The Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES),Sweden Water Research AB,SITES Swedish Infrastruct Ecosyst Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.;Sweden Water Res, Lund, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden.(Swepub:lu)517548b8-6a58-4d44-9229-de439445fdea
(författare)
Kristensen, ErikSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Enheten för skoglig fältforskning,Unit for Field-based Forest Research,Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Unit Field Based Forest Res, Uppsala, Sweden.
(författare)
Koenig, SebastianTechnical University of Munich,Berchtesgaden National Park,,Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Forest Management Grp, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.;Berchtesgaden Natl Pk, Res & Monitoring, Berchtesgaden, Germany.
(författare)
Le Gouar, PascalineUniversity of Rennes I,Univ Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6553, ECOBIO, Rennes, France.
(författare)
Lecomte, NicolasUniversity of Moncton,Laval University,Univ Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.;Ctr Etud Nord, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.;Univ Moncton, Canada Res Chair Polar & Boreal Ecol, Moncton, NB, Canada.
(författare)
Lecomte, ErinUniversity of Moncton,Univ Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada.;Univ Moncton, Canada Res Chair Polar & Boreal Ecol, Moncton, NB, Canada.
(författare)
Leitman, Paula MoraesAntonelli Foundation for Biodiversity Research and Conservation Insamlingsstiftelse,Instituto De Pesquisas Jardim Botanico Do Rio De Janerio,Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ),,Fundacao Antonelli Brasil, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.;Jardim Botanico Rio Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;Fundacao Amparo Pesquisa Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
(författare)
León-Cortés, Jorge L.El Colegio De La Frontera Sur (ecosur),,El Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Conservac Biodiversidad, Unidad San Cristobal Casas, Chiapas, Mexico.
(författare)
Li, DaijiangLouisiana State University,Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
(författare)
Lopez-Vaamonde, CarlosUniversity Of Tours,Unité de Recherche Zoologie Forestière (URZF),François Rabelais University,,Univ Tours, CNRS, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, UMR 7261, Tours, France.;INRAE, Zool Forestiere, UR633, Orleans, France.
(författare)
Mendoza-Henao, Angela M.Alexander Von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institut, Bogota,,Inst Invest Recursos Biol Alexander von Humboldt, Colecc Biol, Villa De Leyva, Colombia.
(författare)
Mangini, Gabriela GiselleArgentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council,National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina,UNT, CONICET, Inst Ecol Reg, Yerba Buena, Argentina.
(författare)
Maroschek, Michael
(författare)
Mata, Vanessa A.
(författare)
Matsuoka, ShunsukeKyoto University,Kyoto Univ, Field Sci Educ & Res Ctr, Ashiu Forest Res Stn, Kyoto, Japan.
(författare)
Mazzafera, ThaisUniversity of Campinas,Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
(författare)
McDonald, Paul G.University of New England, Australia,University of New England, Australia,Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
(författare)
Meléndez-González, MayraUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks,Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
(författare)
Mendoza-Henao, Angela M.
(författare)
Moreau, SebastienUniversity Of Tours,François Rabelais University,Univ Tours, CNRS, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, UMR 7261, Tours, France.
(författare)
Moreau, JérômeGroupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique,University of Burgundy,Chizé Centre for Biological Studies,,Grp Rech Ecol Arct, Francheville, France.;Univ Bourgogne, Biogeosci, Dijon, France.;Ctr Etud Biol Chize, UMR 7372, CNRS, Villiers En Bois, France.;La Rochelle Univ, Villiers En Bois, France.
(författare)
Mosbacher, JesperNorwegian Polar Institute,Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Tromso, Norway.
(författare)
Moyer, EstebanUniversity Of Tours,François Rabelais University,Univ Tours, CNRS, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, UMR 7261, Tours, France.
(författare)
Mrazova, Anna
(författare)
Mteshane, SamanthaWILDTRUST,,WILDTRUST, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
(författare)
Mungai, Nancy WangariEgerton University,Egerton Univ, Njoro, Kenya.
(författare)
Muñoz Herraiz, GemaAgricultores de la Vega SA,,Agr Vega SA, Valencia, Spain.
(författare)
Murillo-Vázquez, AndreaEl Colegio De La Frontera Sur (ecosur),,El Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Conservac Biodiversidad, Unidad San Cristobal Casas, Chiapas, Mexico.
(författare)
Musazzi, SimonaCNR Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Water Res Inst CNR IRSA, Natl Res Council, Verbania, Italy.
(författare)
Mutanen, Marko
(författare)
Mueller, JoergJulius Maximilian University of Würzburg,Bavarian Forest National Park,,Julius Maximilians Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol Zool 3, Field Stn Fabrikschleichach, Rauhenebrach, Germany.;Univ Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.;Bavarian Forest Natl Pk, Grafenau, Germany.
(författare)
Nordén, JenniNorwegian Institute for Nature Research,Norwegian Inst Nat Res NINA, Trondheim, Norway.
(författare)
Nowak, PawełUniversity of Warsaw,Univ Warsaw, Bialowieza Geobot Stn, Fac Biol, Warsaw, Poland.
(författare)
Ovaskainen, OtsoWashington University in St. Louis,University of Helsinki,University of Jyväskylä,Washington Univ, Tyson Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA.,Univ Helsinki, Fac Biol & Environm Sci, Organismal & Evolutionary Biol Res Programme, Helsinki, Finland.;Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
(författare)
Orru, AriannaCNR Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Istituto per le Tecnologie Applicate ai Beni Culturali (CNR-ITABC),Water Res Inst CNR IRSA, Natl Res Council, Verbania, Italy.
(författare)
Pagnon, ThomasUniversity of Franche-Comté,Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique,,Univ Marie & Louis Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 6249, Chronoenvironm, Besancon, France.;Grp Rech Ecol Arct, Francheville, France.
(författare)
Pantoja-Diaz, Yurani NayiveAlexander Von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institut, Bogota,Fundación Universitaria de Popayán,,Inst Invest Recursos Biol Alexander von Humboldt, Colecc Biol, Villa De Leyva, Colombia.;Fdn Univ Popayan, Programa Ecologia, Popayan Cauca, Colombia.
(författare)
Pentinsaari, MikkoCanadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes (CNC),University of Guelph,Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes (CNC),Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;Univ Guelph, Ctr Biodivers Genom, Guelph, ON, Canada.
(författare)
Pilloni, SebastianKarwendel Nature Park,,Nat Pk Karwendel, Hall In Tirol, Austria.
(författare)
Pinder, AdrianDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Western Australian government,,Western Australian Dept Biodivers Conservat & Att, Perth, WA, Australia.
(författare)
Powell, Luke L.University of Porto,Biodiversity Initiative,,Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBIO Lab Associado, Campus Vairao, Vairao, Portugal.;CIBIO, BIOPOLIS Program Genom Biodivers & Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal.;Biodivers Initiat, Houghton, MI USA.
(författare)
Proell, GiselaAustrian Federal Environmental Agency,Environm Agcy Austria, Vienna, Austria.
(författare)
Pulido-Santacruz, PaolaRosario University,Alexander Von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institut, Bogota,,Univ Rosario, Dept Biol, Fac Nat Sci, Bogota, Colombia.;Inst Invest Recursos Biol Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia.
(författare)
Quilantang, Mark TristanUniversity of Guelph,Barcode Life Data Syst, Ctr Biodivers Gen, Taxon Team, Guelph, ON, Canada.
(författare)
Quinlan, KirstyDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Western Australian government,,Western Australian Dept Biodivers Conservat & Att, Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Perth, WA, Australia.
(författare)
Ramirez, Ricardo
(författare)
Rankinen, JuhaThe Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES),Sweden Water Research AB,SITES Swedish Infrastruct Ecosyst Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.;Sweden Water Res, Lund, Sweden.
(författare)
Rasino, Micaela Del ValleUniversity of Molise,Univ Molise, Dept Bioscience & Terr, Termoli, Italy.
(författare)
Rebelo, Rui
(författare)
Remmers, WolframTrier University of Applied Sciences,,Univ Appl Sci Trier, Environm Campus Birkenfeld, Birkenfeld, Germany.
(författare)
Retz, FranziskaJulius Maximilian University of Würzburg,Julius Maximilians Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol Zool 3, Field Stn Fabrikschleichach, Rauhenebrach, Germany.
(författare)
Reyes, EvelinLouisiana State University,Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
(författare)
Rivas Torres, GonzaloUniversidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador,,Univ San Francisco Quito, Tiputini Biodivers Stn, Tiputini, Ecuador.
(författare)
Rogers, Hanna M.K.Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology
(författare)
Rosário, Inês T.NOVA University Lisbon,Universidade Nova de Lisboa,Univ Lisbon, Fac Sci, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, Fac Sci, CHANGE Global Change & Sustainabil Inst, Lisbon, Portugal.
(författare)
Rosário Da Rosàrio da Costa, SidneyCIAT—Centro de Investigação Agronómica e Tecnologia,,CIAT Ctr Invest Agron & Tecnol, Sao Tome, South Africa.
(författare)
Sahlstén, JohannesUniversity of Turku,Univ Turku, Archipelago Res Inst, Turku, Finland.
(författare)
Saliba, CaroleSaint Joseph University,,Univ St Joseph, Fac Sci, Lab Biodiversite & Genom Fonct, Campus Sci & Technol, Beirut, Lebanon.
(författare)
Salmirinne, TeppoUniversity of Oulu,Oulanka Res Stn, Kuusamo, Finland.
(författare)
Sam, KaterinaInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,University of South Bohemia,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.;Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
(författare)
Santos-Reis, MargaridaNOVA University Lisbon,Universidade Nova de Lisboa,Univ Lisbon, Fac Sci, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Environm Changes, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, Fac Sci, CHANGE Global Change & Sustainabil Inst, Lisbon, Portugal.
(författare)
Sawan, MichelLebanese Association for Migratory Birds,,Lebanese Assoc Migratory Birds, Zgharta, Lebanon.
(författare)
Schattanek-Wiesmair, BenjaminTiroler Landesmuseen,,Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Dept Nat Hist Collect, Hall In Tirol, Austria.;Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellsch mbH, Res Ctr SFZ, Hall In Tirol, Austria.
(författare)
Schiestl-Aalto, PauliinaUniversity of Helsinki,Univ Helsinki, Inst Atmospher & Earth Syst Res INAR Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Sithole, MalibongweUniversity of South Africa,Univ South Africa, Dept Environm Sci, Appl Behav Ecol & Ecosyst Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa.
(författare)
Sivault, EliseInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,University of South Bohemia,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.;Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
(författare)
Steenkamp, DaleenUniversity of South Africa,Univ South Africa, Dept Environm Sci, Appl Behav Ecol & Ecosyst Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa.
(författare)
Stengel, ElisaJulius Maximilian University of Würzburg,Julius Maximilians Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol Zool 3, Field Stn Fabrikschleichach, Rauhenebrach, Germany.
(författare)
Stoll, Stefan
(författare)
Strauss, Willem MaartinUniversity of South Africa,Univ South Africa, Dept Environm Sci, Appl Behav Ecol & Ecosyst Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa.
(författare)
Stur, ElisabethNorwegian University of Science and Technology,Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Trondheim, Norway.
(författare)
Svavarsdóttir, JónínaAgricultural University of Iceland,Agr Univ Iceland, Hvanneyri, Iceland.
(författare)
Tedersoo, LehoUniversity of Tartu,King Saud University,Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, Tartu, Estonia.;King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Zool, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
(författare)
Tepsa, SaanaUniversity of Jyväskylä,Univ Jyvaskyla, Konnevesi Res Stn, Konnevesi, Finland.
(författare)
Tikochinsky, Maor TikoDead Sea and Arava Science Center,,Dead Sea & Arava Sci Ctr, Ramon Branch, Mizpe Ramon, Israel.
(författare)
Tuominen, Esa PekkaUniversity of Helsinki,Univ Helsinki, Lammi Biol Stn, Helsinki, Finland.
(författare)
Tweraser, StefanieKalkalpen National Park,,Kalkalpen Natl Pk, Molln, Austria.
(författare)
Ulloa Espinosa, CatalinaUniversidad San Francisco de Quito, Ecuador,University College London,,Univ San Francisco Quito, Tiputini Biodivers Stn, Tiputini, Ecuador.;UCL, Ecol & Data Sci, London, England.
(författare)
Vernes, KarlUniversity of New England, Australia,University of New England, Australia,Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
(författare)