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- Hanson, C., et al.
(författare)
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Transplanting embryonic stem cells onto damaged human corneal endothelium
- 2017
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Ingår i: World Journal of Stem Cells. - : Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.. - 1948-0210. ; 9:8, s. 127-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM To investigate whether human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) could be made to attach, grow and differentiate on a human Descemet's membrane (DM). Spontaneously differentiated hESCs were transferred onto a human corneal button with the endothelial layer removed using ocular sticks. The cells were cultured on a DM for up to 15 d. The genetically engineered hESC line expressed green fluorescent protein, which facilitated identification during the culture experiments, tissue preparation, and analysis. To detect any differentiation into human corneal endothelial-like cells, we analysed the transplanted cells by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies. We found transplanted cells form a single layer of cells with a hexagonal shape in the periphery of the DM. The majority of the cells were negative for octamer-binding transcription factor 4 but positive for paired box 6 protein, sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (NaKATPase), and Zona Occludens protein 1. In four of the 18 trials, the transplanted cells were found to express CK3, which indicates that the stem cells differentiated into corneal epithelial cells in these cases. It is possible to get cells originating from hESCs to become established on a human DM, where they grow and differentiate into corneal endothelial-like cells in vitro.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Book talks as an approach to nature of science teaching in early childhood education
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Science Education. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0950-0693 .- 1464-5289. ; 42:12, s. 2095-2111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on the need for increased attention to content issues and working methods for science teaching in Early Childhood Education (ECE). Science education research emphasises the importance of not only focusing on specific phenomena, but also on the Nature of Science (NOS). NOS teaching deals with questions about what science is, how scientific knowledge is developed and in what ways humans are involved in these processes. An inclusion of such issues is important if common stereotypical images of science and scientists are to be challenged. Previous research has suggested that NOS can be taught through book talks connected to trade books. However, there is a lack of empirical studies at the ECE level supporting this suggestion. Thus, this article reports from the first part of a project in which researchers and teachers explored book talks as a possibility to introduce NOS in early years science (children between 1 and 5 years old). Data consists of book talks (N=48) around two picture trade books led by five preschool teachers preceded by a teacher-researcher workshop on NOS and NOS teaching. The results show that discussions on a variety of NOS issues is possible in an ECE context. These results are discussed in relation to previous literature on both NOS teaching and science in the early years.
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| 5. |
- Davies, LC, et al.
(författare)
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretion of Programmed Death-1 Ligands Regulates T Cell Mediated Immunosuppression
- 2017
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Ingår i: Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-4918 .- 1066-5099. ; 35:3, s. 766-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exert broad immunosuppressive potential, modulating the activity of cells of innate and adaptive immune systems. As MSCs become accepted as a therapeutic option for the treatment of immunological disorders such as Graft versus Host Disease, our need to understand the intricate details by which they exert their effects is crucial. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is an important regulator in T cell activation and homeostatic control. It has been reported that this pathway may be important in contact-dependent mediated immunomodulation by MSCs. The aim of this study was to establish whether MSCs, in addition to their cell-surface expression, are able to secrete PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) and their potential importance in modulating contact-independent mechanisms of MSC immunosuppression. Here we report that MSCs express and secrete PD-L1 and PD-L2 and that this is regulated by exposure to interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α. MSCs, via their secretion of PD-1 ligands, suppress the activation of CD4+ T cells, downregulate interleukin-2 secretion and induce irreversible hyporesponsiveness and cell death. Suppressed T cells demonstrated a reduction in AKT phosphorylation at T308 and a subsequent increase in FOXO3 expression that could be reversed with blockade of PD-L1. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time, that MSCs are able to secrete PD-1 ligands, with this being the first known report of a biological role for PD-L2 in MSCs. These soluble factors play an important role in modulating immunosuppressive effects of MSCs directly on T cell behavior and induction of peripheral tolerance.
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| 6. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Alternatives to Line Assembly: Some Swedish examples
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - 1872-8219 .- 0169-8141. ; 17:3, s. 235-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, some criticism of Lean production has occurred, focusing among other things on the working conditions and the susceptibility of traditional assembly work in a society upgrading the demands for a more humanized work. Recently, this criticism has also concerned the technical aspects of this type of manufacturing. Because of this, alternatives to line assembly merit some attention. Experiences from some innovative production systems operated in the Swedish automotive industry during the last two decades are of particular interest. These unconventional production systems feature autonomous work groups and extended work cycles. These types of production systems are elucidated in detail by means of e.g nuance the concept of utilising buffers, i.e. there are different types of buffers (or buffer functions) as is classified (or clarified) in this publications.
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| 7. |
- Hanson, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the impact of climate extremes: an overview of the MICE project
- 2007
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Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 81:Suppl. 1, s. 163-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an overview of the aims, objectives, research activities under-taken, and a selection of results generated in the European Commission-funded project entitled "Modelling the Impact of Climate Extremes" (MICE) - a pan-European end-to-end assessment, from climate model to impact model, of the potential impacts of climate change on a range of economic sectors important to the region. MICE focussed on changes in temperature, precipitation and wind extremes. The research programme had three main themes - the evaluation of climate model performance, an assessment of the potential future changes in the occurrence of extremes, and an examination of the impacts of changes in extremes on six activity sectors using a blend of quantitative modelling and expert judgement techniques. MICE culminated in a large stakeholder-orientated workshop, the aim of which was not only to disseminate project results but also to develop new stakeholder networks, whose expertise can be drawn on in future projects such as ENSEMBLES. MICE is part of a cluster of three projects, all related to European climate change and its impacts. The other projects in the cluster are PRUDENCE (Prediction of Regional Scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate Change Risks and Effects) and STARDEX (Statistical and Regional Dynamical Downscaling of Extremes for European Regions).
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