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- Hellström, Martin
(författare)
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Förpackningens förvandlingar : Konsumtion och karneval i barnboken
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Här studeras den massproducerade förpackningen som motiv inom ett flertal barnböcker, såsom Pippi Långstrump och Mio min Mio av Astrid Lindgren, Charlie and the Chocolate factory av Roald Dahl, In the Night Kitchen av Maurice Sendak, Korken flyger av Barbro Lindgren, samt ett flertal verk av Tove Jansson och Herge. I dessa verk ses förpackningen som den främsta symbolen för vårt konsumtionssamhälle. Detta samhälles konturer och sätt att fungera beskrivs i den teoretiska bakgrunden med främst Zygmunt Baumans studier av hur människan i hög grad är underställd kravet att konsumera och snabbt förpassa tingen till soptippen, vilket också påverkar de mänskliga relationerna. Men genom de verk som här studeras ses de slängda konsumtionstingen, förpackningarna, med nya funktioner och värden. De representerar något annat än den vara som den härbärgerar, eller skräpet då varan är förbrukad. Förpackningen förvandlas och upprättar därmed ett motstånd gentemot konsumtionssamhällets styrande principer. Skräpet förvägras vara skräp. Detta kan dels ses ha sarnhörighe.t med barnets egna lekar, men också med den karnevalstradition och de folkliga upptåg och omtolkningar av tingen och av de hierarkiska strukturer som Michail Bachtin beskriver. Slutsatsen som dras är att förpackningarna i materialet representerar ett annat sätt att leva gentemot konsumtionen, genom att ta hand om de slängda tingen, men också genom att se till det som finns och det värde det kan ges, istället för att eftersträva nya varor.
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- Sandin, Bengt, 1949-
(författare)
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Infanticide, abortion, children, and childhood in Sweden 1000-1980
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Routledge History of Childhood in the Western World. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9780415782326 - 0415782325 ; , s. 360-379
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The life course of women and men in most soc1et1es simply does not allow for childbirth and rearing during the entire period women are able to reproduce. Choices ha ve always been made not to ha ve children. Child bearing and the choices it involves have also been a source of social, cultural, and political conflict as the historiography of women, family, and fertility makes very clear. Yet it is also evident that revealing a society's attitudes towards infanticide and abortion, the subjects dealt with here, exposes the parameters of what is sanctioned or accepted as ways to limit reproduction in any particular society at any particular moment in time. Determining these restrictions has been central to policies on the regulation of populations practiced by the church, the state, government agencies, and civil society organizations such as medical societies and philanthropic organizations. Boundaries were also set by the norms developed in families and kinship networks. The negotiations related to these !imitations reflect not only the position of women and concepts of family, but they are also integrated into the understanding of children and childhood during different periods of time.Critical issues such as these have been addressed through legal changes, the development and use of church registers, the establishment of midwives, the refinement of statistical surveys, the spread of education, and the conscious development of family and population policy. In a wider context, the understanding of populationchange and analyses of sexual behavior also had a bearing on and interacted with the techniques and technology of governance as early as the introduction of Chnstianity, during the debates on the high rates of infanticide of the seventeenth century, during the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century discussions about the predicament of unwed mothers, and in the discussions on the rise of the welfare system
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- Janson, Torsten
(författare)
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The Politics of Picturing: Representational Restraint and Renewal in English-Islamic Picturebooks : Paper presented at the Visual/Verbal Texts Symposium, Winnipeg, Canada
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proposed paper aims at discussing transforming representational programs in recent English-Islamic picture books. As a background, it draws attention to the identity political processes underlying the emerging literature, as stimulated by minority/marginality experiences. In its main section, the paper focuses how the picture books both reproduce and renegotiate Islamic traditional representational restraints, vis-à-vis the artistic and pedagogic demands of a contemporary picture book format. It concludes with a discussion of politics and power in the pictures of an emergent English-Islamic children’s book tradition. BackgroundHow to maintain religious identity among Muslim youth in a pluralistic, secular and commercial environment? The strategies responding to this challenge have varied significantly among European and North American minorities, ranging from seclusion and defensiveness, to creative, participatory and entrepreneurial projects. Among the latter, we find efforts of re-inventing Islamic traditions for young audiences in novel forms, emulating late-modern arts and consumer cultures. Recent examples are Islamic pop, rock and hip-hop, computer gaming, fashion and sports. The cultural form first emulated by such initiatives, however, was children’s literature. Already in the early 1970s, the Islamic Foundation (UK) published its first specific Islamic children’s books, and has since then become the dominant publisher of English-Islamic children’s literature. Developments of an English-Islamic picture book literatureDuring an initial phase, the literature of this publisher remained archaic, relating well-known stories and traditions of the Islamic formative history: the life and adventures of the Prophet Muhammad, the early caliphs and heroes. During this phase, the graphic elements remained sparse and were typically informed by a respect for traditional Sunni-Islamic artistic restraints, largely avoiding depiction of humans and other animated creatures. Nevertheless, we also find pictures in apparent transgression of such norms, providing interesting examples of the emerging negotiation of religious principles and pedagogic and artistic considerations. Since the 1990s, however, the literature has become increasingly contemporary in focus, telling stories set in mundane, everyday, domestic British settings. Interestingly, this topical shift concurs with a radically different pictorial program, where human beings and animals are depicted more or less on every page. Theoretical focusThe proposed paper will pay particular attention to the shifting normative signifiers in the English-Islamic picture books, that is, how the books gradually departs from a complete reliance on the written texts for conveying specific identity and religious norms, to an increasingly confident reliance on the pictorial elements as co-narrative. Theoretically the paper relies on: 1. Insights from the history of religions and visual anthropology analyzing traditional Islamic norms of representation (Oleg Grabar, Gunther Kress, Theo van Leuven, Pamela Karimi, Christiane Gruber); 2. Sociological discussions on migration and multiculturalism and the emergence of religious entrepreneurship as an aspect of minority identity politics (Nancy Fraser, Gregory Starrett, Torsten Janson); and3. Literary picture book analysis, focusing the interplay of text and picture, and the notion of counterpoint in particular (Perry Nodelman; Maria Nikolajeva, Carol Scott).
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