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- Horn af Åminne, Adam, 1989-
(författare)
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Från person till person : Avvecklingen av nordisk personkongruens ur ett diakront typologiskt perspektiv
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis presents a study of the loss of person agreement in the Nordic languages from a diachronic typological perspective. The main purpose is to investigate the following question: When verbal person agreement is lost in a language, and up to six forms are reduced to one, which form will be the one remaining—and why?The study takes a comprehensive approach, covering three major angles: a general linguistic one, a diachronic Nordic one, and a synchronic dialectological Southwestern Swedish one. From the general linguistic angle, cross-linguistic aspects of verbal morphology are examined in order to establish general tendencies that are relevant for the loss of person agreement. From the diachronic Nordic angle, studies of the development of person agreement in the various Nordic languages are carried out. From the synchronic dialectological angle, case studies of the use of plural-coded morphology in traditional dialects of Southwestern Sweden are conducted in order to shed light on the loss of person agreement in linguistic varieties where such morphology existed, but was no longer stable in the grammatical system.The results suggest that the loss of person agreement in the Nordic languages cannot be linked to a specific innovation wave, but rather depends on social factors, as loss is concentrated in demographically and administratively central regions. They also suggest that horizontally and vertically motivated processes of morphological change are fundamentally different, which supports the notion that a language shift between traditional and modern dialects was occurring around the turn of the 20th century. Morphologically, forms encoding 3rd person and singular tend to replace those coding for other persons and numbers during the process of loss. It is suggested that 3rd person is uncoded for the category of person, and that singular is uncoded for the category of number. This means that loss of person and number agreement entails loss of morphology with overt coding for person and number, and that the form remaining is the one lacking such coding in the first place. The thesis also highlights the particular relation between the subject and the finite verb, as the results suggest that there is an intrinsic connection between person-coded verbal endings and corresponding subject pronouns.
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- Ingves, Anna
(författare)
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Vägar mot ett svenskt ordförråd : Nyanlända ungdomars ordförrådsutveckling på språkintroduktionsprogrammet
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores receptive vocabulary development in L2 Swedish among newly arrived students in the Swedish Language Introduction Programme. Using a dynamic, usage-based approach to language learning the thesis emphasizes the influence of language input and various learner related factors on learning outcomes, viewing vocabulary as a dynamically changing system. Two main studies were conducted: a cross-sectional study involving 258 participants and a longitudinal study with 84 participants over 8 months. Additionally, a reference group of 54 L1 and L2 Swedish Upper Secondary students was included. The newly arrived students varied in school background, literacy skills, L1 and previous L2 languages, socioeconomic status, length of residence in Sweden, and study duration in the programme. Their receptive vocabulary was tested using two frequency-based measures, developed specifically for the study and targeting the 5000 most common Swedish words according to a frequency list. Multilevel analysis was used to analyse the relationships between vocabulary knowledge and learner characteristics, learner-internal and learner-external factors, including interaction effects for Swedish proficiency and school background. The results show considerable variability among learners regarding receptive vocabulary breadth and acquisition rates. However, individual frequency profiles vary, with learners of varying proficiency and school backgrounds showing distinct vocabulary acquisition patterns across frequency bands. Significant differences in vocabulary size and growth were found among beginner, intermediate and advanced learners, as well as between advanced learners and the reference group, not only in size but also in composition. Vocabulary size was affected by pre-existing literacy skills, socioeconomic status, academic aspirations and exposure to a broader range of subjects taught in Swedish. However, the impact of different factors varied by proficiency level and school background. The thesis offers insights into the complex system of L2 vocabulary learning, especially in relation to dynamic learner groups. It highlights the significance of a language programme aware of both learner differences and similarities, supporting vocabulary development for learners with different backgrounds to bridge the gap between anticipated and actual learning outcomes.
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- Johansson, Maria, 1989-
(författare)
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I samtal med Kronofogden : Hur myndighetsservice görs i språkliga möten mellan inringare och kundservicehandläggare
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the interaction between frontline service officials and clients in customer service calls to the Swedish Enforcement Authority (SEA), a national government agency working with debts. The aim is to shed light on these service calls as interactional, meaning-making encounters between callers and frontline service officials. A sub-aim is to gain an understanding of how the SEA’s mission and core values are interpreted, balanced and implemented in conversation. Drawing on the theoretical and methodological framework of Conversation Analysis (CA), the thesis investigates how communication between SEA frontline officials and clients unfolds, and how institutional regulations, norms and relationships are invoked and negotiated. The data consists of audio recordings of 113 naturally occurring phone calls to the SEA’s centralised customer service. The four analytical chapters explore different aspects of the interactional encounters. First, the openings of the encounters are analysed, focusing on how callers achieve service, and how the participants orient to serviceability and legitimacy. Secondly, the analysis addresses how factual information from the SEA’s institutional records is accessed, handled and responded to by the participants. In this way, the analysis illustrates how the participants display epistemic stances, and how the SEA’s mission to provide information, and to activate and educate clients, is translated into practice. Thirdly, frontline service officials’ explanations of a key SEA process are studied, revealing how the participants’ intersubjectivity is established, challenged and negotiated. Fourthly and finally, an analysis of how call takers recommend future courses of action to callers is presented, which demonstrates how the participants’ deontic rights to decide on future actions are allocated in the customer service calls. In sum, the thesis brings to light what happens in conversations between callers and frontline service officials at the SEA. More specifically, the thesis offers insights into how institutional remits shape frontline interaction, as well as how laws, guidelines and policies are talked into being. In addition to expanding our knowledge of language and social interaction in government agencies, the key findings of the thesis may have an impact on professional development within the SEA, thereby benefiting both frontline officials and clients.
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- Klang, Per, 1984-
(författare)
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Incongruous tense in Swedish : Past and present tense use with deviant time reference
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with incongruous tense in Swedish. Incongruous tense refers to uses of the past tense for events that overlap or succeed the moment of speech, which is normally considered to apply to the present tense, and uses of the present tense for events that precede the moment of speech, which is normally considered to apply to the past tense. Currently, there is no quantitative study devoted to testing how the account of tense in Swedish fares against a large sample of Swedish language data with respect to incongruous tense. This thesis fills this gap with extensive empirical data focusing on incongruous tense use. Three questions have directed the empirical investigation: How common is incongruous tense?; What types of incongruous tense are there?; How does incongruous tense differ from congruous tense? By manually and automatically compiling, annotating, and querying a corpus of almost 160 000 sentences in texts from newspapers and web-based discussion fora, the thesis comes to the conclusion that incongruous tense is quite common, and it further identifies some previously unnoticed cases of the incongruous past tense, as well as a number of lexical and grammatical differences between congruous and incongruous tense use. In addition, the resulting corpus is freely available under a Creative Commons license. As a complement, the results derived from the corpus are used to discuss the extent to which alternative principles of looking at tense – other than those applied in this thesis – could explain the incongruous cases. Even though the assumption of an indirect relation between the point of speech and the event time, as well as the proposal to replace the point of speech with a point of view, make sense with certain uses of incongruous tense, there seem to be some issues with both, which research has circumvented. The thesis concludes that these issues merit further investigation.
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