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- Andersson, Jakob, 1974-
(författare)
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Kingship in the Early Mesopotamian Onomasticon 2800–2200 BCE
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Thousands of Sumerian and Old Akkadian personal names from 3rd millennium BCE Meso-potamia are known and documented. The present study inspects names containing the royal appellatives, Sumerian lugal and Akkadian śarrum. The study aims at uncovering the rela-tionships between personal names and the development of early historical kingship and reli-gious thought in the area.An overview of Sumerian and Old Akkadian names and name-giving serves as a starting point for semantic investigations of lugal- and śarrum-names. Sumerian and Old Akkadian names are to a large extent meaningful, and the literal meaning can be used to arrive at an understanding of the symbolic value, which led to the coining of the name. Discussions rely on comparable passages of contemporary and later written traditions.To facilitate discussion and comparisons between the languages, names are divided into semantic groups based on characteristic traits found in contemporary royal inscriptions and religious texts. Parallel constructions are noted whenever such constructions are known. Names are assigned human or divine referents when possible. A look at political and religious developments puts the distribution of certain name types over time and space into perspective. Local and regional traditions and types are displayed and related either to royal ideological traits or to theological speculation. Besides locally significant gods, a few other deities can be identified as referents in names. A brief statistical overview of different archives shows that names featuring the figure of the lugal experience an increase in popularity at the expense of other types.A system of annotation gives approximate numbers for bearers of names belonging to the types investigated. Lists of attestations, which document date and archival context, form the basis for discussions and conclusions and make the material available for inspection and further exploration.
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- Avraham, Gidon
(författare)
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A bridge of words : A term list based on the study and classification of compounding operations in Avot Yeshurun's later poetry (1974-1992) concerning the notion of bayit (home/house)
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study is to establish, describe and present a term list; based upon word level operations of Avot Yeshurun, as used within the framework of a given literary context (metonymy) and adapted by the poet to a given language environment (poems in New Hebrew).Aided by terminological methods of description, a classification of the poet's working terminology is conducted, based upon linguistic and, thematic categories, composed in the light of concept-oriented literary criticism in Israel, the issue of transnationality and the meta-time approach typical of holocaust literature.Considering established patterns and normative requirements for word formation in NH (sections 2.4 - 2.7) and presenting compounds according to the international standards ISO 10241:1992(E) and ISO/TC 37, terms in the resulting term list help bring into focus the poet's operations in the micro perspective and elucidate the act of compounding in which lexical representations of underlying concepts are linked together or transposed, to form Avot Yeshurun's working terminology. Examples for the interaction and systematic correspondence between literary themes and linguistic categories in Yeshurun's compounding serve to elucidate the usability of the suggested contextualising and presentation method and to teach us more about the contribution of Avot Yeshurun to Israeli Hebrew.
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- Davidovich, Tal, 1969-
(författare)
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The Mystery of the House of Royal Women
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study focuses on one of the groups of royal women in the OT who were considered the spouses of the king: the group of the royal pilagshim, who had a kind of secondary status in the household.Having pilagshim was not a privilege reserved to the kings, but was also practiced by other leaders, like the forefathers and the judges. One may assume continuity in the existence of this phenomenon in Ancient Israel. It encompasses several hundreds of women. In this work we studied the narrator’s descriptions of a phenomenon through his story telling and not necessarily a certain reality.The aim of this study is to shed light on the secondary status of royal women, especially one of the groups to which they belonged, the group called “royal pilagshim”. Although this group occupied a somewhat secondary place in the hierarchy in the house of royal women, it constituted one of the big groups of royal women in the palace, if not the biggest one, and some of the women belonging to this group had great importance both to the life in the palace and to the political events in the different kingdoms. By examining the different functions of these women in the palaces as they are described in the OT, some aspects of the life of royal women, not only those belonging to this particular group and not only those of secondary status, are revealed, and the hierarchy of women in the royal house is emphasised. Furthermore, reasons why some men became king while others did not; emerge from the results of the discussion about these women’s children. Thus, we can better understand the powers that controlled the kingdoms described in the OT both in the darkness of the night and in broad daylight.In this work we further study the possibilities of the existence of a special position among royal pilagshim, the “chief of pilagshim”. Our main interest is not in a particular text of the OT as such but rather in the phenomenon of a certain status of royal women who appear in the OT. Therefore, using only one method is not sufficient to accomplish our mission. Instead, a few approaches in combination are needed. The following methods have been chosen in order to complete this study:Philological analysis: Linguistic approach; literary approach; narrative analysis; and intertextuality.
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- Erbes, Johann E.
(författare)
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The Peshitta and the versions : A study of the Peshitta variants in Joshua 1-5 in relation to their equivalents in the ancient versions
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation focuses on the relationship between the Peshitta readings and their equivalent readings in the ancient versions. The purpose of this study is to discover the possible influences of the Masoretic Text on the one hand, and the versions, especially the Septuagint, on the other. The material is too scarce to attempt creating a stemma. Therefore, as a starting point, it was decided to look into the matter from a purely formalistic point of view. The sources used were the Masoretic Text, medieval Hebrew manuscripts, Targum Jonathan, the Septuagint, the Syro-Hexapla, Coptic, Ethiopic, and Latin. In contrast to other such ndeavors, all the variant material in the most recent text editions available was included. The Septuagint variant material has been regrouped according to suggestions by J. Wm. Wevers. The investigation limits itself to all actual variants found in chapters l-5 in my Joshua edition for the Leiden Peshitta.The methodology was to assess the relevance of each of the 459 readings and discuss their place among the versional readings. Each of these readings is quoted in context, additional Peshitta variant information given, grouped and organized in such a way as to allow the reader to arrive at alternative solutions. The variants are then discussed in regard to various possible explanations or alternatives of translation technique. The presentation attempts to satisfy the specialized as well as the general reader. The conclusions, within the framework of a limited text corpus, are tentatively as following: The Peshitta most often follows the Masoretic Text. At times, the Peshitta agrees with Septuagint readings which only can have originated in the Septuagint. The Targum does not seem to have influenced the Peshitta. There are indications of contacts between the Peshitta and the Ethiopic Bible, an area needing further study. The Vulgate gives but little insight beyond the other versional material presented. Early Coptic readings (early 4th century A.D.) contribute to the verification of the antiquity of later medieval Greek readings. For the purposes of the modern Bible translator, the Peshitta has little to offer apart from where it is unique, and there, other explanations for versional contacts can be given.
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- Frennesson, Björn
(författare)
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"In a common rejoicing" : Liturgical communion with angels in Qumran
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation contains a study of the conception of "liturgical communion with angels"-its prevalence and import-as expressed in the Qumran texts. The writer views these texts as constituting the remains of a "sectarian library", the literary heritage of an exclusive and excluding community, whose self-image would have been characterised by its functioning like the Temple and in the constant presence of God's angels. Eighteen different text excerpts are focused on, liturgical as well as non-liturgical, all somehow attesting to variously expressed conceptions of "liturgical communion with angels". The majority of texts, however, only refer to or presuppose this kind of conception. They confirm that there is such a thing as communion with angels, but do not in fact "put it into practice" liturgically. It is theory rather than practice. The Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice, however, are understood to be a liturgical text cycle, the very performance of which might have been seen as joining together humans and angels in common worship. Lastly examined is 4Q491 11 I, a very enigmatic fragment containing the remarkable claims of someone already seated in heaven, possibly an early literary example of a tradition related to man's actual transformation; a priestly tradition, an "offshoot" of which would in due time imply "unio liturgica" in and through an elect emissary. Although the conception of "liturgical communion with angels" as expressed in the Qumran texts is obviously multi-faceted in terms of "time and space", the study, nevertheless, concludes that, at least primarily, it should be described as the idea of apresent and an earthly phenomenon, as a privilege and an experience which was available toall Qumranites, an idea featuring and marking the whole of the community.
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