| 1. |
- Ahmadi (Sarraf), Nozhat, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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A Versified History of Shah Abbas the Great [Futūḥāt-i Gītīsitān]
- 2021
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book is a critical edition of a versified history of Shah Abbas I attributed to Sayyid Aḥmad Ḥusaynī Khalīfah. It narrates the life of Shah Abbas I from before his ascension to the throne in 1588 until his death in 1629, and includes a brief history of his maternal ancestors, the Mīr-i Buzurg notables of Mazandaran. The majority of the work consists of accounts of Abbas I’s military campaigns and expeditions, and in these parts the poet narrates the history in the style of a heroic epic. This critical edition is based on MS. 4769 at the Malek National Library and Museum, which apparently is the sole extant copy of this work. We have therefore adopted an analogical-conjectural method of emendation in attempting to reconstruct the original text. Because no title appears in the manuscript, we have named it the “Futūḥāt-i Gītīsitān” (Conqueror of the World), an honorific title ascribed to Shah Abbas I. The name of the poet does not appear in the colophon. No direct reference to the name of the poet is found in the text, but he traces his lineage to the Mīrbuzurg House in Mazandaran and includes information about his family and the migration of his great grandfather, Sayyid Niẓām, to Isfahan during the reign of Shah Tahmasb.
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| 2. |
- Ahmadzadeh, Hashem, 1961-
(författare)
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Nation and Novel : A Study of Persian and Kurdish narrative discourse
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present work provides a description of the rise of the Persian and Kurdish novel, using as its background specific definitions and theories of the novel and its emergence. Considering the novel as an originally European genre, the study looks at the different prerequisites for its emergence, e.g. modernity, modernisation, nationalism, a publishing industry, institutionalised journalism, translation and socio-political conditions. It examines these prerequisites in the Persian and Kurdish context. Its aim is to investigate the emergence of the novel and its development in the case of a nation-state (the Persian) and in the case of a stateless nation (the Kurdish). Furthermore, through the close reading of five selected Persian novels and five Kurdish novels the author intends to scrutinise their various political, social and cultural characteristics. The study also attempts to investigate the contribution of the novel to nation building and whether there is any affinity between the novel genre’s appearance and the rise of the Iranian and Kurdish nations.The most important conclusion to be drawn from the present study is that while the Persian novel appears in the early 20th century, the Kurdish novel appears in the late decades of the same century. Moreover, the early Persian novels deal with the issue of country and nationalism, whereas the more developed Persian novels later on mostly concern themselves with the individual, social and political problems of the country. However, the failure of Kurdish nationalism in the building of a Kurdish state provides the Kurdish novel with a context for its struggle in the search for a national identity. The Persian novel, as it derives its support from the nation-state, largely enjoys the favourable conditions necessary for its development. The Kurdish novel, however, is deprived of such conditions and instead expresses itself in the diaspora.
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| 3. |
- Anonby, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Bakhtiari studies : Phonology, text, lexicon
- 2014
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakhtiari, a Southwestern Iranian language in the Luri language continuum, is spoken by over a million people in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Almost a century after Lorimer’s (1922) publication on the phonology of Bakhtiari, the present study re-examines this topic in the light of contemporary linguistics, the study of lexicon and texts and, crucially, native speaker intuition. This new research clarifies some of the important questions left by Lorimer and in doing so, leads to surprising insights into the basic structure of the system, which shows some fundamental divergences from Middle and New Persian, and even from the other Luri languages.The first part of the book situates the language within its larger geographic and genetic context, defines the language and its varieties, and provides a summary of research on the language. The second section, which constitutes the core of the study, is devoted to an in-depth analysis of the phonological system, including segmental phonology (inventory, contrast, allophonic processes and distribution), syllable structure and an array of morphophonological processes, as well as stress and intonation. The final three sections of the book comprise an interlinearized Bakhtiari folktale, tables of verb paradigms, and a semantically organized lexicon containing 1500 items. Together, these documents constitute the basis of the data analyzed in the phonological description and provide an integrated picture of related aspects of the language. Along with discussions of the typological contribution of the data and observations on their distinctness from Persian, the final chapters are important resources for the further study of the morphology, syntax, discourse structure and lexicon of Bakhtiari.
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| 4. |
- Anonby, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Bakhtiari Studies II: Orthography
- 2018
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Bakhtiari language is spoken by members of a traditionally nomadic society, numbering over a million people, across several provinces in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. This study provides an account of the emergence and development of an orthography for Bakhtiari – the migration of the Bakhtiari language into the world of letters. Bakhtiari poetry has been transcribed for many decades, and other genres are now appearing in print, but codification of the language is heterogeneous and often difficult for readers to decipher.Building on the foundation of the work, Bakhtiari studies: Phonology, text, lexicon (Anonby & Asadi 2014), the present volume responds to the pressing need to elaborate a systematic orthography that faithfully reflects the language’s phonological structure and serves speakers from various contexts across the language area. It examines the social and linguistic background for such an orthography and, despite major functional drawbacks, concedes that a writing system based on Arabo-Persian script is the only realistic option for the Bakhtiari language community. Following on a presentation of the orthography’s elements, issues associated with the Persian model are addressed: word recognition, underrepresentation of vowels, overrepresentation of consonants, and graphic possibilities for compounding and affixation are discussed in depth; mitigating strategies as well as improvements are proposed. Several innovative but intuitive conventions that respond to distinctive features of Bakhtiari pronunciation are also introduced. Orthographic choices, which have been tested with a wide cross-section of Bakhtiari speakers, are illustrated and applied to the transcription of a traditional text as well as a 1500-word lexicon.The results of this study are relevant for Bakhtiari writers, for scholars working in development of Arabic-based orthographies for other languages which have not been standardized, and for strengthening conventions in standardized languages, such as Persian, that use a related script.
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| 5. |
- Axenov, Serge, 1964-
(författare)
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The Balochi Language of Turkmenistan : A corpus-based grammatical description
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is a synchronic description of the Balochi language as spoken in Turkmenistan. The dissertation consists of three main parts: sound structure, word and phraselevel morphosyntax and clause structure. The purpose of the present study is to describe the basic phonological, morphological and syntactic structure of the Balochi dialect of Turkmenistan in accordance with the principles of descriptive linguistics. This method has been chosen in order to present synchronic data on various language levels and to lay the basis for further studies of this variety of the Balochi language, as well as for comparative studies in Iranian linguistics. The language data are presented in the book in such a way as to make it accessible also to non-specialists in Iranian languages.The oral texts used as language data have been written down or recorded during seven trips to Turkmenistan in the period between 1989 and 2000. The main part of the material consists of folktales, recordings of common speech and ethnographic texts. Folktales written down in the Latin and Cyrillic scripts by the Baloch themselves have also been used as linguistic data for the dissertation.During the last twenty years the Baloch have started to leave their national settlements and actively migrate within the territory of Turkmenistan because of lack of water and the soil salination. In the future this migration is likely to bring about diverging Balochi geolects in the territory of Turkmenistan. The majority of migrants from the Baloch settlements, however, seem to switch fromBalochi to Turkmen in all linguistic domains, including the home.In this context the recording of speech samples of the Balochi language in Turkmenistan and linguistic descriptions of the language seem to be of special importance.
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| 6. |
- Bani-Shoraka, Helena, 1969-
(författare)
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Language Choice and Code-Switching in the Azerbaijani Community in Tehran : A conversation analytic approach to bilingual practices
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines language choice and code-switching patterns found in the Azerbaijani speech community in Tehran, Iran. Two empirical studies have been combined. The first involves a macro-social quantitative analysis of language choice on a community level, based on questionnaires, and the second involves a micro-interactional qualitative analysis of language choice and code-switching practices, based on tape recordings and participant observation. The results show that there is an on-going language shift occurring on the community level, from Azerbaijani-Persian bilingualism to monolingualism in Persian. The rate of this process differs depending on a number of social factors. However, the strong demographic support within this speech community makes the possibility of a total language shift unlikely. In fact, in contrast to the ongoing language shift there is a parallel movement towards the revitalization of the Azerbaijani culture and language. As far as language choice and code-switching practices on an individual level are concerned, a number of bilingual practices are found. Code-switching as a marked linguistic choice is used for a variety of purposes in argumentative and narrative opposition. It is at the same time demonstrated that a general preference for same language talk does not necessarily prevail among all bilingual speakers which allows for the use of a range of other linguistic as well as paralinguistic resources to produce interactionally marked choices in bilingual conversation.
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| 7. |
- Barjasteh Delforooz, Behrooz, 1961-
(författare)
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Discourse Features in Balochi of Sistan : (Oral Narratives)
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This work presents a first study of discourse features in Balochi narratives of Sistan. Discourse analysis investigates what are the properties that make for well-formed texts in a language. There are many approaches to discourse analysis and most approaches focus on a particular aspect of text formation. The approach to text linguistics or discourse analysis taken in this work is based on Dooley and Levinsohn’s Analyzing Discourse: A manual of basic concepts (2001). Their methodology has been refined over years of practical use and, among diverse methodologies, they follow a functional and cognitive approach. In this dissertation, Roberts’ (2009) application of Dooley and Levinsohn’s methodology to Persian is followed in the study of our Sistani Balochi text corpus. In chapters 2-7 this approach is applied to Balochi narrative text. Chapter two introduces the reader to the discourse-pragmatic structuring of sentences in BS and chapter three shows how different syntactic devices can distinguish foreground and background information in BS oral texts. In chapter four we study the deixis of time and place and how the concept of proximal and distal deixis applies across a range of deictic elements. Chapter five examines some basic connectives and how they link propositions in the discourse context, and in chapter six reported speech is studied. Chapter seven illustrates how different participants are introduced into a discourse and how their activation status is signalled throughout the discourse. Appendix 1 contains details of the Balochi text-corpus used, and Appendix 2 contains interlinearized versions of ten of the main texts used in the study. A CD with nine audio files and one video file of the ten texts from Appendix 2, plus one extra video file, is also included.
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| 8. |
- Dahlén, Ashk
(författare)
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Deciphering the Meaning of Revealed Law : The Sur´shian Paradigm in Shi’i Epistemology
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study analyses the major intellectual positions in the philosophical debate on Islamic law that is occuring in contemporary Iran. As the characteristic features of traditional epistemic considerations have a direct bearing on the modern development of Islamic legal thought, the contemporary positions are initially set against the established normative repertory of Islamic tradition. It is within this broad examination of a living legacy of interpretation that the context for the concretisations of traditional as well as modern Islamic learning are enclosed. After the 1979 revolution, the problem of the renewal of Islamic law has acquired great urgency and there is an ongoing debate as to the best legal solutions to many problems facing contemporary society given that there is no clear position under many areas of traditional jurisprudence. Among the pivotal figures who are considered in this respect are primarily Άbdullāh Jawādī-Āmulī (traditionalism), Muḥammad Mujtahid-Shabistarī (modernism) and Άbd al-Karīm Surūsh (postmodernism), but other individuals who belong to the Islamic intellectual elite of Iran are also included. In the main the position of Surūsh is highlighted, since his post-1988 writings on the nature of Islamic law, legal epistemology and hermeneutics accommodate Islam to modernity to an extent unsurpassed in the Iranian context.In light of the relationship between global modernity and the religion of Islam, the purpose of this book is to analyse to what extent these positions and their understanding of questions of epistemology, methodology and hermeneutics are engendered by the cognitive and ontological structures of modernity. The major argument presented is that modernity no longer is categorically conceptualised as an externalphenomenon among many religious intellectuals, but that there is instead an effort on their part to develop indigenous expressions of its driving principles. In an attempt to define some of the contents of a supposed Islamic modernity, this study suggests that Islamic postmodernism has paradigmatic relevance and reflects a thoroughly transitional phenomenon within Shi’i speculation on divine law.
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| 9. |
- Fallahzadeh, Mehrdad, 1961-
(författare)
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Persian Writing on Music : A study of Persian musical literature from 1000 to 1500 AD
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is an attempt to understand and map the development of Persian writings on music, focusing on their various approaches and variations of topics from the beginning of the 11th century to the end of the 15th century which can be called the classical period of Persian writing on music. The rise of Persian musical literature as a part of Persian learned literature was a result of the political and cultural decentralization of the Abbasid Caliphate. Like most other genres of learned literature in Persian, translation and abridgements of and commentaries (šarhs) on Arabic works played a crucial role in the rise and es-tablishment of Persian musical literature.The most important conclusions to be drawn from the present study are that we can distinguish between two main approaches in Persian writings on music, viz the religious and non-religious approaches, and that there is a pattern in the development of Persian writings on music which provides us with a periodization of the develop-ment of this literary genre. According to the macro periodization of Persian writings on music which is presented in this study, we can identify five different stages in the development of the genre; 1) the initial period: ca 1000-1110; the first intermezzo: ca 1110 up to 1175; 3) the period of establishment: ca 1175-1299; 4) the first Golden Age of the genre: ca 1300-1435; 5) the second intermezzo: ca 1435-1500.
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| 10. |
- Hashabeiky, Forogh, 1958-
(författare)
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Persian Orthography : Modification or Changeover? (1850-2000)
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study provides a description of the standardization process of Persian orthography since the introduction of the Arabic alphabet, with a focus on this process in modern times (1850-2000). Using theories related to orthography standardization as its background, this work seeks an explanation for the prolonged standardization process of Persian orthography, and presents the frameworks within which this standardization has been carried out. The most recent state of Persian orthography is presented through an investigation of the current attitudes towards the problems of Persian orthography and possible frameworks for a potential reform, as well as through an investigation of the current tendencies in the manner of presenting different orthographic parameters within Persian contemporary texts. How and by whom the orthography of today’s Persian texts is governed is another aspect to be examined here.The most important conclusion to be drawn from the present study is that there is a strong tendency towards approving reform proposals that can be integrated with the present orthography, and maintain the present appearance of Persian orthography as much as possible. One of the main reasons behind this tendency is the concern of an interruption in cultural continuity in the event of an alphabet reform or any other drastic change in the present appearance of the orthography. This concern takes into account the political, social, cultural, structural, and economic conditions in Iran, as well as the complexity of language planning projects.
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