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- Bustad, Johnny
(författare)
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Shake-up studies of model systems for adsorbates : Department of Quantum Chemistry, Uppsala University
- 1993
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Shake-up studies of model systems for adsorbates are presented. The molecule CO adsorbed on transition metal surfaces belong to one of the most studied systems in surface science. The interest is motivated by fundamental questions about the adsorbate-substrate interaction as well as technical applications, such as catalysis. A good starting point in order to get more detailed understanding of the CO-metal interaction is to study the transition metal carbonyls, where CO is coordinated to metal atoms. It has been found that many aspects of the adsorbate systems can be modelled by these molecules. These are the main reasons for studying the molecules Mo(CO)6 and Cr(CO)6, for which results are reported in this thesis.
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- Olsson, Ulf
(författare)
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OM FRISKVÅRDSPEDAGOGIK I ARBETSLIVET. : EN O/RÄTTVIS BETRAKTELSE.
- 1993
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I fokus för detta arbete står friskvård inom arbetslivet som pedagogisk praktik med hälsoprofilsbedömning, en metod för undersökning och påverkan av människors hälsostatus och hälsovanor, som konkret exempel. En bakgrund till detta är framväxten av insatser för folkhälsa och den ökade betoning av friskvård inom arbetslivet som skett inom såväl privat som offentlig sektor. Friskvård handlar om människors levnadsvanor när det gäller kost, motion, stress, alkohol, tobak m.m.Hälsoprofilsbedömning och friskvårdspedagogik inom arbetslivet ses här ur två olika perspektiv. Ur det ena perspektivet behandlas verksamheten på dess egna villkor - som en metod att inom ramen för arbetslivet få till stånd ner hälsosamma livsstilar genom kontrakt mellan självständiga parter. Det andra perspektivet kan ses som kritiskt granskande. Här ifrågasätts premissema för hälsoprofilsbedömningen utifrån begrepp som makt och disciplinering. En inspirationskälla har därvid bland annat Michel Foucaults arbeten varit. Som empiriskt material för analysen används två avhandlingar som presenterar hälsoprofilbedömningen som metod.Ur dessa båda perspektiv erhålles två olika betraktelser om hälsoprofilsbedömning och friskvårdspedagogik inom arbetslivet - en rättvis och en orättvis. På basis av en kritisk pragmatisk ansats diskuteras möjligheten till ett samtal baserad på relationen mellan de båda betrakelserna.
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- Bengtsson, Lars, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Framtida produktionskoncept : Verkstadsorienterad produktion och decentraliserat datorstöd
- 1993
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report elaborate a vision of decentralized work organisation and especially the use of shop floor oriented computer system to support this. The focus is on industrial production. The report is divided into three parts.The first part discuss the characteristics of future production concepts in industrial companies. The point of departure is that Swedish companies abandon Taylorist principles of organization. Alternative paths of rationalization are examined, e.g. Anthropocentric Productions System, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Lean Production, Total Quality Management and Time Based Management. A conclusion drawn is that future production concepts should be shop floor oriented.The second part present a vision of this shop floor oriented concept. The vision is elaborated in terms of work organization, goal oriented group work and decentralized computer support. Primarily the principles and the concrete functions of new types of shop floor oriented computer systems are presented. This concern systems for production planning and control (Leitstand) and NC programming (WOP). Examples of graphics produced by these systems are given. An alternative CIM strategy based on these systems is also examined.The third part discuss the process of change toward this new production concept. This is enlightened through two case studies.
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- Bengtsson, Lars, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Kvalitet och arbetsutveckling- hur går det ihop? : En förstudie
- 1994
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the 20th century taylorism has been dominating as a production. concept. But lately the companies has started to look for new concepts. Examples of these are presented in the report: Flexible taylorism, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Socio-technic, Anthropocentric Production Systems, Lean Production, Time Based Management, Total Quality Management (TQM) and Reengineering. Quality as a strategy is getting stronger and stronger and the prior focus on work organization. and better jobs have now turned towards TQM. TQM consists of, except of different techniques and methods, development of organization, work and personnel.The main question in our study concern the connection between the development of quallity and work. The efficiency in changes is in many parts depending on the organization of work and the motivation and knowledge of the employees. In accordance to this we have used a model in six case-studies that distinguish the technical system and different quality methods used, but mainly the changes concerning personnel and organization. The results are:* The companies follow three quality strategies that affect the employees situation: Control, Motivation and Work development.* The choice of strategy depends on experiences from Work development and the production philosophy in the company.* The Control strategy can give better quality but poor productivity. There are no belief in workers and the work is controlled in detail.* The Motivation strategy upgrade the workers but only optimize the existing system. It can give contradictory work demands if the responsibility for quality inspection is not based on authorities.* The Working development strategy gives possibilities to a flexible manufacturing system and a good work. In ideal the development of work and quality is one process with the same persons involved.* Quality systems based on ISO 9000 have limited effects on the inner efficiency and bring a risk for a new hierarchy.* TQM-work can change the quality organization and create two different organizations. One that is working with product quality and one that is working across the traditional organization.* Kaizen-work has in the study only been seen on the shop floor and as a tool for optimizing the direct work/working place.* TQM is to make all processes in a company better. That makesmeasuring and feedback important. It can affect in total managementcontrol or give the opportunity to management by objectives.* The unions has no strategy for have to deal with quality strategies.
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- Bustad, Johnny
(författare)
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Shake-Up Structures Calculated with the INDO/CI Method: CO Adsorbed on Ni(100) Clusters
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the chemisorption system CO/Ni(100), a comparison between available high resolution core level photoelectron spectra and spectra calculated by the INDO/CI method done for different nickel cluster sizes. A reassignment of some of the satellites is made. It is found that the asymmetry and the broadening of the main line mainly depends on substrate-substrate excitations, predominantly from the d-band to the s-band within the nickelsubstrate.
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