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- Lorenzoni, Patricia, 1975-
(författare)
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Att färdas under dödens tecken : Frazer, imperiet och den försvinnande vilden
- 2008. - Ny utg.
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 1885 träffar den franske antropologen Paul Topinard en australisk kvinna kallad Jenny. Jenny ingår i en grupp ”vildar” som skickas runt för att visas upp på cirkusar, museer och djurparker i Europa och USA. Hennes make har just dött, hon är apatiskt likgiltig inför Topinards önskan om att få studera henne. Topinard tolkar detta som ett uttryck för hennes stupiditet. Detta är upptakten till Patricia Lorenzonis Att färdas under dödens tecken. Genom att studera hur vetenskapen konstruerar vilden visar hon hur den västerländska civilisationen döljer det våld och de offer som är dess eget fundament. Samtidigt som framsteget bejakas, varnar man ständigt för att civilisationen åter skall störta ner i vildhet. Vilden skapas inte bara som den civiliserades motsats, utan också som en bild av de sidor hos sig själv man inte vill se. I centrum står James G Frazers antropologiska klassiker Den gyllene grenen. I dess föreställning om vilden hittar Lorenzoni en västerländsk självförståelse som fortfarande är aktuell, om än med andra förtecken.
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- Martinson, Mattias, 1970-
(författare)
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Postkristen teologi : Experiment och tydningsförsök
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The work proposes a dialectical notion of post-Christian theology, proceeding from the debate on secular and post-Christian situation, especially Christian apologetic and non-apologetic responses to that ”challenge”. In serious awareness of its Christian historical character theology must take a new direction, avoiding traditional definitions of itself as Christian. Part one of the book theorizes the situation and the status of contemporary theology. One of the main targets of critique is the post-liberal tendencies and the ecclesiological reduction of today’s Christian theology. An experimental metaphorical notion of a theological laboratory is elaborated. Part two consists of four ”experiments”, i.e. essays exemplifying the experimental and post-Christian theological strategy. The overall ambition is quite explorative and heuristic, establishing new and creative links and connections between seemingly unrelated problems and tasks.
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| 6. |
- Ninalga, Christina, 1976-
(författare)
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Cancer Immunotherapy : A Preclinical Study of Urinary Bladder Cancer
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG), or attenuated Mycobacterium bovis, is the gold standard of immunotherapy in the clinic to treat superficial bladder cancer. However, setbacks remain due to a high recurrence rate, side effects, and BCG-refractory disease. In this thesis, we explored the use of novel immunotherapeutic agents such as CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) or synthetic ODNs containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides. Since unmethylated CpG motifs are predominant in bacterial but not vertebrate DNA, they function as a “danger signal” leading to a potent immune response.To be able to test various immunotherapeutic agents, we optimized subcutaneous (s.c.), metastatic, and orthotopic models using the murine bladder-49 (MB49) cancer cell line. In the orthotopic model, we show that poly-L-lysine promotes MB49 attachment to the bladder leading to 100% tumor take. In addition, Clorpactin (sodium oxychlorosene) potently enhances adenoviral transduction in the bladder.Utilizing the MB49 model, we compare CpG ODNs with BCG and demonstrate the increased efficacy of CpG ODNs which could cure both s.c. and aggressive orthotopic bladder cancer. In our model, type B ODNs were most optimal and the antitumor response required T cells in order to induce regression and tumor-specific immunity. We also combined CpG ODNs with adenoviral vectors (Ad) expressing the immunostimulatory molecules CD40L, TRANCE, lymphotactin, IL2 or IL15. However, we show that CpG ODNs are effective as a monotherapy and adenoviral vectors did not enhance the effect.AdCD40L was also used to genetically modify human dendritic cells (DCs). AdCD40L-transduced DCs not only had a higher and prolonged expression of the Th1 cytokine IL12 compared to TNFα-matured DCs, but CD40L-activated DCs could also resist the suppressive effects of IL10 and TGFβ. Since TNFα is commonly used in clinical DC vaccination protocols and because tumors often secrete immunosuppressive cytokines, these data have important implications for optimizing cancer immunotherapy.
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- Almlöf, Martin, 1977-
(författare)
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Computational Methods for Calculation of Ligand-Receptor Binding Affinities Involving Protein and Nucleic Acid Complexes
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ability to accurately predict binding free energies from computer simulations is an invaluable resource in understanding biochemical processes and drug action. Several methods based on microscopic molecular dynamics simulations exist, and in this thesis the validation, application, and development of the linear interaction energy (LIE) method is presented.For a test case of several hydrophobic ligands binding to P450cam it is found that the LIE parameters do not change when simulations are performed with three different force fields. The nonpolar contribution to binding of these ligands is best reproduced with a constant offset and a previously determined scaling of the van der Waals interactions.A new methodology for prediction of binding free energies of protein-protein complexes is investigated and found to give excellent agreement with experimental results. In order to reproduce the nonpolar contribution to binding, a different scaling of the van der Waals interactions is neccesary (compared to small ligand binding) and found to be, in part, due to an electrostatic preorganization effect not present when binding small ligands.A new treatment of the electrostatic contribution to binding is also proposed. In this new scheme, the chemical makeup of the ligand determines the scaling of the electrostatic ligand interaction energies. These scaling factors are calibrated using the electrostatic contribution to hydration free energies and proposed to be applicable to ligand binding.The issue of codon-anticodon recognition on the ribosome is adressed using LIE. The calculated binding free energies are in excellent agreement with experimental results, and further predict that the Leu2 anticodon stem loop is about 10 times more stable than the Ser stem loop in complex with a ribosome loaded with the Phe UUU codon. The simulations also support the previously suggested roles of A1492, A1493, and G530 in the codon-anticodon recognition process.
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