| 1. |
- Damm, Margareta, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Minskad sjukfrånvaro : en fråga om arbetsgivarincitament? Medfinansieringsreformen ur ett arbetsgivarperspektiv
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien utvärderar medfinansieringsreformen som kom att gälla 2004-2006 och vars intention var att med ekonomiska incitament få arbetsgivare att ta ett ökat ansvar för att minska den sjukfrånvaro som i början av seklet ansågs mycket stor. För att förklara ar-betsgivarnas förhållningssätt besvaras först följande frågor: • Vad gör arbetsgivarna för att de anställda inte skall vara frånvarande från arbetet? Hur har de på denna punkt eventuellt förändrat sitt handlande på grund av refor-men? • Hur påverkas jämställdheten av de nya incitamenten, till exempel med hänsyn taget till att kvinnor vanligtvis står för högre andel av sjukfrånvaro? • Hur förhåller sig arbetsgivarna till ekonomiska analyser och kalkyler av sjukfrånvaron och reformen? Vilka ekonomiska resultat kan skönjas? • Hur ser arbetsgivarna efter reformens genomförande på sitt ansvar att förebygga ohälsa och vidta rehabiliterande insatser? Har reformen förändrat synsättet? Frågorna besvaras dels med hjälp av en enkät och dels med en serie fallstudier från företag och förvaltningar. I analysen dras slutsatsen att arbetsgivare, oavsett reformen, tar ansvar för att åtgärder som antas förebygga ohälsa eller rehabilitera sjuka genomförs, men att de vare sig kan eller vill, annat än marginellt, ta ansvar för sjukfrånvaron och dess orsaker.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson-Zetterquist, Ulla, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Skolan och informationstekniken - en fallstudie av grundskola och gymnasium i Alingsås
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is the second of six case studies in a research project, The school and information- and communication technology (ICT). This study is taking place in the municipality of Alingsås. The results of the study show that that the technical infrastructure for ICT has been improved by the purchase of new computers and the creation of a functioning intranet in the schools. It also seems as if the knowledge and ability of the teachers regarding ICT has been improved, even though there are big differences between teachers and schools. It is however less obvious how ICT has been integrated in the core educational activities. The teachers claim that ICT should be a pedagogical tool, i.e. that pedagogy itself should condition the use of ICT and not the reverse. Another contributing factor is that the ICT-investments have been organised as projects, where project leaders often have become key persons in the development process. This means that many schools today have problems sustaining the ICT-level when some of the project leaders have left and there are no additional funds. However, it seems as if there is a willingness among the teachers to carry on with some of the earlier projects but in a smaller scale. Another conclusion is that ICT has become very much integrated in the administrative work of the teachers in the line with the further decentralisation of the school organisation. The long term effects of the ICT-investments very muck depends upon the ability of the municipality to invest further funds to sustain and if possible develop the current ICT-level in the schools.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Henrik, 1965
(författare)
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Höganäs - en fallstudierapport om IT och skolan
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is the fourth of six case studies in a research project "The school and information- and communication technology (ICT)". This one is taking place in the mu-nicipality of Höganäs. The results from the study can be summarised as: A few enthusiasts driving the development of IT managing the hardware and software with scarce resources. The new technology introduced is making a difference, but the change is not a revolution but rather a slow evolution. The differences in competence and the subsequent specializa-tion of some teachers seem to be an unintended and inevitable consequence of the ICT introduction. The municipality claim to strive towards decentralization of the organization, however ICT seem to have an opposite effect. The continuity from the development can be interpreted in terms of careful development of infrastructure and competence. No radi-cal measures are taken but most investments are well thought over and implemented con-tinuously. Also the competences among the teachers are changing over time. A more inter-esting conclusion is that ICT has affected the long-term attitude and use of ICT. The pro-jects have exposed the community with possibilities as well as limitations and therefore the perception of ICT has changed within the school organization.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Henrik, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Skolan och informationstekniken - en fallstudie av grundskolan i Stenungsund
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is the first of six case studies in a research project "The school and information- and communication technology (ICT)". This one is taking place in the municipality of Stenungsund. The results from the study can be summarised as: Some enthusiasts driving the development work and producing star cases. They claim that the new technology introduced is making a difference, but the most important aspect is that new technology is triggering a development for pedagogical renewal. Technology also bears the potential for extended surveillance and control, which is not so much spoken about. The differences in competence and the subsequent specialization of some teachers seem to be an unintended and inevitable consequence of the ICT introduction. The municipality claim to strive towards decentralization of the organization, however ICT seem to have an opposite effect. The continuity from the projects can be interpreted in two ways. When there is no more money there is any development. A more interesting conclusion is that ICT has affected the long-term attitude and use of ICT. The projects have exposed the community with possibilities as well as limitations and therefore the perception of ICT has changed within the school organization.
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| 5. |
- Löfström, Mikael, 1960
(författare)
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Samverkan, vårdkedjor och förändringsarbetet – om Botkyrkas medverkan i modellkommunprojektet
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mobilisering mot narkotika” (MOB) announced 2003 a special project support to municipalities and county councils that in collaboration want to develop models to prevent drug abuse. The municipalities that were included in the project were Botkyrka, Karlstad, Älvsbyn and Örebro. The project emphasized collaboration between all concerned parties in the health care chain. In this study of Botkyrka two measurements has been done and shown that collaboration in the health care chain has been a central theme for Botkyrka. Through MiniMaria and Beroendecentrum has Botkyrka municipality and Stockholm county council a near collaboration in the health care chain around abusers in different age groups. The educational initiative has been extensive and has mainly offered skill development to employees within established work methods. An educational initiative of this scope takes a lot of time in pretensions the wide purchasing and needs to be planned in good time. That indicates that the stem work been implemented well and been a good basis for the educa-tion's planning and implementation. The study shows also that the project in Botkyrka has organized the activity on a way that creates good conditions in order to implement the project's work and results in the activity. The project's activities have been integrated in the regular activities.
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| 6. |
- Löfström, Mikael, 1960
(författare)
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Skolan och informationstekniken : en fallstudie av grundskolan i Tingsryd
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is the third of six case studies in a research project, "The school and in-formation technology (IT)". This one is taking place in the compulsory school in the municipality of Tingsryd. The results of the study show that that the technical infrastruc-ture for IT has been improved by the purchase of new computers and the creation of an intranet in the schools. It also seems as if the knowledge and ability of the teachers regard-ing IT has been improved, even though there are differences within the teaching staff. A conclusion is that the new technology introduced is making a difference and have the po-tential to improve educational activities and pedagogical renewal. Another conclusion is that IT has much more easily become integrated in the administrative work for the princi-pals as well as the teachers than as a tool for pedagogical renewal. The long term effects of the IT investments very much depends upon the ability of the municipality to invest fur-ther funds to sustain and if possible develop the current IT-level in the schools.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ohlsson, Östen, 1947
(författare)
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Utvärdering av tre pilotprojekt rörande samverkan i samhällsbyggande med fokus på morgondagens äldre
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien handlar om tre försöksprojekt i Göteborg. Avsikten var att med hjälp av samverkansprojekt skapa en stadsplaneprocess där den åldrande befolkningen fokuserades. Tre stadsdelar involverades; Askim, Biskopsgården och Lärjedalen. I samverkan ingick Fastighetskontoret, Stadsbyggnadskontoret och Trafikkontoret samt fastighetsägarna. Direktiven till projekten handlade både om probleminventering och om att initiera byggnation av så kallat seniorboende. Projekten blev mycket olika. Biskopsgården engagerade en medborgargrupp som tog fram förslag på byggnationer. Resultatet blev förslag på fyra objekt. Lärjedalen engagerade Chalmers tekniska högskola som utarbetade ett antal förslag på hur en angiven tomt skulle kunna exploateras för seniorboende. Ytterligare ett objekt diskuterades. Askim hade inget tydligt objekt att redovisa vid projekttidens utgång. Förutsättningarna i Askim är inte desamma, och den ursprungliga projektledaren sluttade mitt under projekttiden, vilket kan ha påverkat förloppet. Den mjuka delen av projekten var svår att bedöma, men kartläggningar och kunskapsutbytet verkar ha varit livligare i Askim och Lärjedalen än i Biskopsgården. De utpekade parterna samverkade enligt plan. De centrala förvaltningarna var dock tämligen motvilliga. Frågan är om denna organisatoriska komplexitet var nödvändig. De uppgifter som förelagts samverkansgrupperna var vare sig så komplexa eller brådskande att den komplicerade organisationen hade behövts.
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| 9. |
- Selander, Martin, 1964
(författare)
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Skolan och informationstekniken : en fallstudierapport om två gymnasieskolor i Göteborg
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is the last of six case studies in a research project "The school and information- and communication technology (ICT)". The study is taking place in the municipality of Göteborg. The results of the study show that that the technical infrastructure for ICT has been improved in that a municipal and centralized ICT-structure has been implemented in the schools of Göteborg. There is a difference between the two upper secondary schools studied in that one of the schools was an early adapter and created its own structure while the other school studied had no prior organized system until the municipal ICT system was introduced. The first school hence showed a more critical stance towards the municipal control of the ICT while the opposite can be said about the second school. It also seems as if the knowledge and ability of the teachers regarding ICT has been improved, even though there are big differences between teachers and schools. It is however less obvious how ICT has´been integrated in the core educational activities. The teachers claim that ICT should be a pedagogical tool, i.e. that pedagogy itself should condition the use of ICT and not the reverse. It is also possible to see a difference between different educations in the upper secondary schools where the more theoretical and traditional subjects have not come as far as the more practical and applied subjects (of which some are closely connected to the ICT-technique). Another contributing factor is that the ICT-investments have been organised as projects. This means that many schools today have problems sustaining the ICT-level when some of the project leaders have left and there are no additional funds. Another conclusion is that ICT has become very much integrated in the administrative work of the teachers in the line with the further decentralisation of the school organisation.
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| 10. |
- Trägårdh, Björn, 1950
(författare)
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The role of health and safety representatives in Sweden – The implementation of EEC Directive 89/391
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, workers´ representatives have been involved in risk assessment at workplaces since the beginning of the 20th century. One of the main results is the development of a large net of health and safety representatives called “skyddsombud”; regional safety representatives (RSR) on many small workplaces and joint safety committees on large workplaces. One result of EU Directive 89/391 in Sweden seems to be a further development of both regulations and praxis, i.e. regulation AFS 2001:1 and the development of systematic work environment management (‘SWEM’). However, since the 1990’ies there has been some serious cutbacks. The report demonstrates a gap between a lack of praxis implementation and what is stated in EU Directive 89/391. The implementation of the Directive is normally weaker due to lack of control and workers’ representation in certain industries, as in the construction industry or in small companies with few or no organized workers and/or with foreign workers. Health and safety work still seems to be controversial. Trade unions worry about too little implementation of the Directive and want EU to step up their efforts, while employee organizations worry about too much implementation and warn for ‘gold plating’. Built on these findings, a neo-institutional analysis is made claiming to explain the results. The report ends with some policy recommendations.
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