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1.
  • Amiri, Saeid, et al. (författare)
  • A statistical study of similarities and dissimilarities in results between districts used in Swedish crop variety trials
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The annual results of Swedish crop variety trials are presented in reports and on the internet for Sweden divided into seven regions (production areas) A-G covering southern Sweden. The yield results for test varieties are usually presented as ratios relative to the yield of a control variety. These ratios are presented per region, with the implicit assumption that differences in ratios may exist between regions. In this report, the division of agricultural districts into regions was investigated through cluster analyses. Districts that produced similar levels of yield or similar ratios were clustered into groups of similar districts. Cluster analyses were performed on regions, districts and soil types for spring barley, winter wheat and oats, based on a large data set of results from variety trials performed during the period 1997-2006. The study revealed that some regions, districts and soil types produce similar levels of yield or similar yield ratios. However, clusters of regions, districts or soil types that produce similar levels of yield do not always produce similar yield ratios
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2.
  • Christersson, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Vombsjösänkans pil- och poppelpark
  • 2018
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • En ny, liten försökspark, speciellt avsedd för tester av pil- och poppelodlingar, har etablerats i södra Sverige, strax öster om Vombsjön i Skåne. Den har döpts till VOMBSJÖSÄNKANS PIL- OCH POPPELPARK (VPP). Syftet är att testa nyframkorsade pil- och poppelkloners fenologi och produktionspotential med avseende på vedbiomassa för energiändamål, pappersmassa- och textiltillverkning samt som råvara för korslimmade byggnadsprodukter. Nya planteringsmetoder för piloch poppelplanteringar har utarbetats. De äldsta planteringarna är i dag (2018) 29 år gamla och vid en jämförelse med tidigare resultat antyder genomförda mätningar kraftigt förbättrade produktionsresultat, speciellt för de yngsta planteringarna. Parken är delvis förlagd till ett mycket sandigt område och delvis till ett bördigt, organogent men mycket sommarfrostlänt område med en stark population av kronhjort. Vissa år är även populationer av både åker- och vattensork synnerligen besvärande. Både biotiska och abiotiska skaderisker är således förekommande på parken och stora ansträngningar görs för att undvika dess effekter. Parken är öppen för exkursioner. Guidade visningar kan arrangeras, tel. 0760 16 80 28.
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3.
  • Collentine, Dennis, et al. (författare)
  • Consequences of future nutrient load scenarios on multiple benefits of agricultural production
  • 2013
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Nutrient load rates to the Baltic Sea need to be reduced. Agricultural land is regarded as the most significant contributor to the loads, and measures to reduce losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads have been proposed, both for the near and far future. Agricultural production was to a large extent considered in these scenarios, whereas effects on other ecosystem services were not evaluated. The question to be answered by this report is whether the measures adopted to reduce N and P losses improve or impair multiple benefits of agriculture. The question is answered for a specific catchment (Svärtaån) located in Sweden, but the method is thoroughly described to provide a potential method to also evaluate other catchments. This work was performed as a part of the Baltic Compass project (2013). The answer to the main question of whether the measures adopted to reduce N and P losses from agricultural fields improved or impaired multiple benefits of agriculture, seems to be that they improved. Most of the BAP measures had a positive influence on most of the MB-categories, the clearest exception being liming in tile drains which only improved the cost effectiveness. Except for water protection, the biosecurity MB-category was positively influenced by the most measures (6 out of 9) and with soil quality the next highest (5 out of 9). It is less clear how the absolute values evaluated for the MB index, can be compared among MB-categories. Among the BAP-measures, structural liming was the most positive measure (summing up the indices of all MB-categories), followed by buffer-zones and spring cultivation the next, although the cost effectiveness of these latter measures was evaluated to decrease. In the “unavoidable” future (Future scenarios) GHG emissions strongly increased. The only measure that mitigated that effect was reduced N fertilisation, providing more arguments for applying reduced fertilisation than only to reduce leaching.
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5.
  • Fogelfors, Håkan, et al. (författare)
  • Strategic analysis of Swedish agriculture : production systems and agricultural landscapes in a time of change
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This strategic analysis of Swedish agriculture – production systems and agricultural landscapes in a time of change – focuses on climate change, future availability of natural resources and economic regulation in a global food market. The background to the project was that the Faculty of Natural Resources and Agriculture of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences identified an urgent need to explore the implications and opportunities of coming changes for agricultural production systems, arable land use and farm landscape functions in Sweden. Another objective was to determine the research needed to ensure that we are equipped to adapt to the coming changes. The analysis was carried out in the form of three literature reviews (Climate Change and Agricultural Land Use in Sweden: A Literature Review, (Eckersten et al., 2008a); Changes in the Global Natural Resource Base Relevant for Future Agriculture in Sweden – A Literature Review, (Johansson, 2008); and Economic Globalisation and Swedish Agriculture – Future Changes Affecting Swedish Agriculture from an Economic Perspective with Special Emphasis on Globalisation, (Holstein, 2008). It also comprised workshops and seminars and finally production of this synthesis report, which summarises the work done and suggests six research themes. Different IPCC emission scenarios describe pathways for those factors that are regarded as important for emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as demography and social, economic and technological development. The projected global temperature increase varies from a little less than 2 °C up to 3.5-4.0 °C by the end of this century. Shrinking glaciers and rising sea levels are some of the consequences of the temperature increase. This climate change will have considerable consequences for agriculture, ecosystem function and human health on a global scale. The conditions for food production in Sweden are projected to become more favourable in terms of potential productivity as a result of future climate change. However, despite more favourable average cropping conditions, there could be drawbacks in the form of more frequent extreme weather events and, for example, more severe crop pathogen attacks and increased risks of nutrient leaching. The temperature increase is predicted to be greater during winter than during summer. Furthermore, precipitation will probably increase and the precipitation pattern will change. The temperature increase may lead to an extension of the growing season by several months in southern Sweden. Swedish agriculture is currently dependent on high inputs of external resources. The situation at present is that agricultural demands are increasing with regard to the natural resource base, e.g. ecosystem services and fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels to sustain food production cannot continue indefinitely; agriculture world-wide must adopt mitigation strategies. One way is to search for self-sustaining, diversified, low-input, energy-efficient agricultural systems, using local renewable resources and ecosystem services. Another way to meet the challenges of future food supply and at the same time sustain life-support systems might be through intensive high-input agriculture on the 'best' land in order to save other areas for nature conservation. Swedish agriculture and food production are closely linked to the global food and feed market. Increased globalisation means that the profitability of Swedish farms is influenced to an increasing extent by actors on the global market. Conditions for Swedish agriculture in the past have been largely determined by political regulations, national and subsequently by CAP (Common Agricultural Policy in EU), but are gradually becoming more dependent on world market forces. Sweden has a comparative disadvantage in primary production compared with many other countries but the competitiveness of the Swedish food sector as a whole has increased during recent years due to increased exports of processed products. Another opportunity is to increase production of products with added value, e.g. organic products. However, the effects of globalisation on Swedish agriculture are hard to predict. Increased liberalisation will lead to increased competition, which will most probably lead to decreased production in Sweden. However, future changes in land productivity could potentially affect land use more than does the degree of liberalisation in trade. The conclusion that Swedish agriculture will decrease, at least in terms of land use, may very well turn out to be incorrect. This should be clear, not only from scenarios where climate change makes Swedish production more competitive but also from the latest developments on the world market where large increases in demand for agricultural products have been noted. This increase may have the consequence that land in less competitive countries will become sufficiently productive. Twelve climate scenarios for different regions in Sweden were developed within the FANAN project, from south-west Skåne in the south to Övertorneå in the north. Projections of future cropping systems under the new climatic conditions are described for three regions, south-west Skåne, Mälardalen district and the coast region of Västerbotten. There are diametrically opposed scenarios for future land use and appropriate design of agricultural production systems in the literature, which implies a need for a great variety of research. Research in adaptation as well as mitigation strategies will be important. Problems are interlinked and interdisciplinary research will probably be necessary to solve the complex problems concerning agriculture and the food supply of future populations. Six different strategic research themes are presented as a result of the FANAN project: 1.Future analyses of long-term sustainable land use, p.54. 2.Sustainable production systems — crop and animal sciences, p. 55. Cooling crops — crop-soil interactions Crop breeding — perennial cereals Domestic animal production Cultivation techniques 3.Ecosystem services in production systems of the agricultural landscape, p. 59. 4.From words to action, p. 60. 5.Monitoring of agricultural production, p. 62. 6.Multidisciplinary research network, p. 62. Large research programmes rather than small disciplinary projects will promote the solution of future complex problems. It will be necessary to combine empirical research with modelling and synthesis work in order to generate good science that is relevant to the challenges in sustainable agricultural management. FANAN concludes that SLU has a central role to play in developing these sustainable strategies
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6.
  • Forkman, Johannes, et al. (författare)
  • Konsekvenser av indelningar i områden för redovisning av försök i svensk sortprovning
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • I rapporten jämförs alternativa regionala och jordartsbaserade indelningar av södra Sverige för redovisning av resultat från sortprovningen. Undersökningen görs för vårkorn, höstvete och havre. Rapporten diskuterar också hur många försök som behövs per år och region för att nå tillräcklig precision i resultaten. De slumpmässiga variationerna vid olika indelningar jämförs. Det visar sig att indelningar i regioner minskar variationskoefficienten med 0,15 procent¬enheter i vårkorn, 1,0 procentenheter i höstvete och 0,5 procentenheter i havre. Eftersom dessa tal inte är större, och eftersom det behövs ett stort antal försök per region för att ge nödvändig säkerhet i resultaten rekommenderas att inga regionindelningar görs. Av samma skäl rekommenderas inte heller jordartsbaserade indelningar av försöken. För höstvete skulle dock tre storregioner kunna användas
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7.
  • Frankow-Lindberg, Bodil (författare)
  • Uppdatering av kvävegödslingsrekommendationer för vall
  • 2017
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This report contains a meta-analysis of results from field trials with nitrogen application to leys which were carried out during 1997-2015. The analysis deals with the response to nitrogen fertilisation with respect to dry matter and crude protein content in the harvested biomass. The analysis shows that the yield level without any nitrogen application, and the response to nitrogen (kg dry matter/kg N applied), is greater in these trials compared to data from older trials. This applies to both pure grass leys and mixed grass/clover leys. The crude protein content is positively correlated with nitrogen application in pure grass leys. In mixed grass/clover leys this response depends on clover content, but is generally negative in the last cut.
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