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The Cognitive Psychology of Climate Change
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is one of society’s great challenges. The scientific community agrees that human activity is to a large degree responsible for these changes and efforts to promote more sustainable behaviors and lifestyles often backfire. People travel for longer distances when driving a vehicle that uses a ‘sustainable’ energy source; they purchase ‘organic’ food as a means to be environmentally friendly without necessarily reducing other means of consumption; and those who deliberately change their behavior to be more environmentally friendly in one area often start behaving environmentally irresponsibly in another. Environmentally harmful behavior and decision making often have their roots in cognitive biases and cognitive inabilities to properly understand climate change issues, to understand the effects of one's own behavior on the environment, and other means by which thinking and reasoning about climate change issues are biased.This Research Topic addresses the cognitive challenges of climate change: how people perceive, understand and solve environmental problems. It covers studies on individual and collective judgment and decision making, heuristics and biases, reasoning and thinking, perception and problem solving in relation to climate change and sustainability-related problems. It also covers, but is not limited to, the cognitive psychology of the CO2 accumulation problem, biases in judgments of environmental impact of objects and actions, confirmation biases in thinking and reasoning about climate change issues, and ways in which people's thinking about and understanding of climate change problems can be improved.
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Unsuccessful Psychotherapies : When and how do treatments fail?
- 2021
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Taken together, the 11 articles included in this book demonstrate that we, as researchers and clinicians, can learn a lot from further studies of unsuccessful treatments. To do so, we need to look not only for the patient factors, but also the therapist contributions, as well as the therapeutic relationship. As proposed by the third APA task force, we have to “identify effective elements of the therapy relationship and to determine effective methods of adapting or tailoring therapy to the individual patient on the basis of transdiagnostic characteristics” (Norcross and Wampold, 2019, p. 3). The therapist’s ability to recognize and manage the ruptures is decisive in the repair process and in the prevention of the treatment failure (Eubanks-Carter et al., 2011). The focus on the therapists’ emotional reactions, presumably determined by their specific personality traits, for example narcissistic (Oasi et al., 2019), is of fundamental importance. A further crucial issue is patient-therapist match in terms of personality orientation: the therapists’ early adjusting their orientation on relatedness or self-definition to their patients’ predominant personality configuration might enhance treatment outcomes (Werbart et al., 2018). Even the well-known construct of therapeutic alliance can receive (and give) further strength if it is placed in a relational context. Taking up the groundbreaking statement by Horwitz et al. (1996), we run less risks if we are able to tailor our way of working to the patient.
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Visual Language
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditionally, research on human language has taken speech and written language as the only domains of investigation. However, there is now a wealth of empirical studies documenting visual aspects of language, ranging from rich studies of sign languages, which are self-contained visual language systems, to the field of gesture studies, which examines speech-associated gestures, facial expressions, and other bodily movements related to communicative expressions. But despite this large body of work, sign language and gestures are rarely treated together in theoretical discussions. This volume aims to remedy that by considering both types of visual language jointly in order to transcend (artificial) theoretical divides, and to arrive at a comprehensive account of the human language faculty. This collection seeks to pave the way for an inherently multimodal view of language, in which visible actions of the body play a crucial role. The 19 papers in this volume address four broad topics: (1) the multimodal nature of language; (2) multimodal representation of meaning; (3) multimodal and multichannel prosody; and (4) acquisition and development of visual language in children and adults.
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