| 1. |
- Ahlström, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Inoperable biliary obstruction treated with percutaneously placed endoprosthesis
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 152, s. 301-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biliary obstruction was treated with endoprosthetic drainage in 30 patients with pancreatic, 10 with gallbladder and 27 with biliary duct cancer, and 13 of the patients received more than one endoprosthesis. The median survival time in the respective cancer groups was 12, 10 and 9 weeks, including 6, 3 and 4 weeks spent in the patients' own homes. The patients with multiple endoprostheses had 24 weeks median survival with 22 weeks at home. Another patient, with a medically treated malignant endocrine tumour of the pancreas, lived for more than 3 years after biliary tract stenting. Complications associated with insertion of endoprosthesis were few, and clinical cholangitis occurred in seven cases. For individual patients it is difficult to predict the benefit of endoprosthetic drainage, but the procedure seems questionable if the predrainage bilirubin level is very high.
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| 2. |
- Alston-Smith, J, et al.
(författare)
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Endotoxin, epinephrine, glucagon, insulin and calcium ionophore A23187 modulation of pyruvate kinase activity in cultured rat hepatocytes
- 1990
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Ingår i: Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. ; 156:10, s. 677-681, s. 677-681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Altered glucose metabolism is one of the commonly observed sequelae of sepsis and septic shock. The present investigation was undertaken to determine the role of endotoxin (ET) upon hepatocyte glucoregulation, by measuring the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK), a key glycolytic enzyme. Hepatocytes were exposed to endotoxin concentrations known to occur in vivo during sepsis, i.e., from 1 X 10(-14) to 1 X 10(-8) g/ml. The alteration of the enzyme activities after addition of epinephrine, glucagon, insulin and calcium ionophore A23187 with and without ET preincubation were also examined. ET alone decreased the PK activity by 12% at all concentrations tested. The basal inhibition of the enzyme caused by epinephrine (-48%) was partially blocked by ET preincubation above 1 X 10(-10) g/ml. There were no ET-(glucagon, calcium ionophore, insulin) interaction. These in vitro results do not support pyruvate kinase as a site of hepatic enzyme regulation defect in endotoxaemia.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Arnbjornsson, E.
(författare)
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Acute appendicitis risk in various phases of the menstrual cycle
- 1983
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 149:6, s. 603-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The significantly different age-specific incidence of acute appendicitis between males and females in the second, third and fourth decades of life led to a study of the frequency of acute appendicitis and the degree of appendiceal inflammation found at operation in the different phases of the menstrual cycle. The frequency of acute appendicitis was almost twice as high in the luteal phase as in the other half of the menstrual cycle. The proportion of gangrenous, perforated or normal appendices was significantly higher in the menstrual and follicular phases of the cycle. The study indicated that the female sex hormones may play an important etiologic part in acute appendicitis or may influence the inflammatory process in the appendix.
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| 5. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
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Decreasing incidence of acute appendicitis, with special reference to the consumption of dietary fiber
- 1982
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 148:5, s. 461-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of acute appendicitis and the total number of appendectomies performed in the adult population admitted to our medical center are both decreasing. The cause is not clear. Better nutrition and the wide-spread use of antibiotics are two possible factors which come to mind, but we know of no scientific evidence that these are responsible. There has been a slight decrease in the mean dietary fiber content in the Swedish diet during the last three decades. The decreased incidence of acute appendicitis cannot therefore be correlated with an increase in the mean dietary fiber intake.
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| 6. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of loperamide on faecal control after rectoplasty for high imperforate anus
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 152:3, s. 215-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of loperamide on faecal control after Stephens rectoplasty for high imperforate anus was studied in eight patients more than 8 years after surgery. Clinical assessment and anorectal manometry were performed before and after administration of loperamide for 6 to 8 weeks. Decreased faecal soiling was noted in seven of the eight cases. Obstipation forced two patients to stop the medication. The improved faecal control was verified by an increase in sequeeze pressure at anorectal manometry in four patients. When incontinence persists after Stephens rectoplasty, loperamide can improve the faecal control in some cases.
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| 7. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
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Obstruction of the appendix lumen in relation to pathogenesis of acute appendicitis
- 1983
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 149:8, s. 789-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of obstruction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis was studied by measuring the pressure in the appendix peroperatively in 33 patients undergoing appendectomy because of suspected acute appendicitis. The technique involved insertion of a fine needle via the apex into the lumen of the appendix and measurement of the hydrostatic pressure required to inject a saline solution. In all six patients with gangrenous appendix and in two patients with phlegmonous appendix there were signs of obstruction of the appendix lumen expressed as raised intraluminal pressure. In 19 patients found at operation to have phlegmonous appendix there were no signs of obstruction. The experimental data suggest that obstruction is not an important factor in the causation of acute appendicitis, but may develop as a result of the inflammatory process.
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| 8. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
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Testicular torsion in children - Bilateral or unilateral operation
- 1985
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 151:5, s. 425-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1969 and 1984 65 children were operated on for testicular torsion. A follow-up study of 63 patients who underwent surgery for unilateral testicular torsion with fixation only on the affected side showed that no torsion occurred on the opposite nonfixated side and there was no retorsion during an observation period of an average of more than seven years. From our calculated risk for contralateral testicular torsion we suggest that bilateral fixation is not necessary in children who present with a unilateral testicular torsion.
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| 9. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
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The value of physiotherapy for faecal continence after correction of high anal atresia. A clinical and electromyographic study
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 154:7-8, s. 467-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A follow-up study of 12 patients who had undergone Stephens rectoplasty for high imperforate anus is presented. Clinical assessment and anal electromyography were performed more than 7 years after surgery, both before and after a year's physiotherapeutic training of the perianal musculature. Electromyography showed correlation between faecal continence and tonus of the anal sphincter, the anocutaneous reflex and maximal voluntary activity in the perianal muscles. After the physiotherapeutic training there was significant improvement of faecal continence. This effect was electromyographically corroborated. The results confirmed clinical observations that postoperative physiotherapy and training of the voluntary muscles in the perianal region is of value for the achievement of faecal continence.
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| 10. |
- Bergenfelz, A, et al.
(författare)
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Intraoperative fall in plasma levels of intact parathyroid hormone after removal of one enlarged parathyroid gland in hyperparathyroid patients
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 157:2, s. 12-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma levels of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured intraoperatively before and after removal of one enlarged gland in 20 hyperparathyroid patients. In 13 patients with a single parathyroid adenoma, plasma levels of intact PTH-(1-84) had declined at 15 min after removal of the adenoma by 86.5 +/- 4.4% of baseline in the antecubital vein and by 85.6 +/- 4.2% in the ipsilateral internal jugular vein. In seven patients with parathyroid hyperplasia, the corresponding figures for decline at 15 min after removal of one enlarged parathyroid gland were only 26.6 +/- 6.4% and 7.8 +/- 29.4%. The fall in PTH levels was significantly less in hyperplasia than in adenoma (p less than 0.001). Thus 15 min after removal of one enlarged parathyroid gland, the decline in plasma level of intact PTH may distinguish between single adenoma and multiglandular disease as the cause of hyperparathyroidism.
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