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- Bhatt, Ram Prasad, et al.
(författare)
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Fairy lore in the high mountains of South Asia and the hymn of the Garhwali fairy 'daughter of the hills'
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Orientalia. - 0001-6438 .- 1600-0439. ; 75, s. 79-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This essay is divided in two parts. The first part gives an overview on fairy-related traditions in the high mountains of South Asia. It concentrates on Nuristan and Dardistan2 as well as on Garhwal (there especially on Bangan3) and highlights similarities and differences between these two areas. Moreover, it looks at more distant parallels and at relationships between fairy cults and Hindu Tantrism. The second part presents a recently recorded hymn to the fairy 'Daughter of the hills' and discusses its functions and background.
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- Liljegren, Henrik, 1968-
(författare)
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The Dangari Tongue of Choke and Machoke : Tracing the proto-language of Shina enclaves in the Hindu Kush
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Orientalia. - 0001-6438 .- 1600-0439. ; :70, s. 7-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data from four little-studied varieties of Indo-Aryan (Southern Palula, Northern Palula, Sawi and Kalkoti) spoken in the Hindu Kush is analyzed and discussed from a historical-comparative perspective. Evidence is presented showing that Kalkoti, until recently only tentatively classified, is part of this particular cluster of closely-related Shina varieties. An attempt is made at reconstructing some phonological and grammatical features of a common source speech, here named Proto-Dangari, and the order in which the present-day varieties may have split off. An important conclusion drawn is that Southern and Northern Palula probably are more distantly related than present-day similarities seem to indicate, the high degree of synchronic similarity instead being due to relatively recent convergence taking place in southern Chitral. It is hypothesized that the present speech communities are the result of two different westward routes of migration, one geographically linking Southern Palula (Ashreti) and Sawi with Chilas, the other linking Northern Palula (Biori) and Kalkoti with Tangir, both located in the same general area of the main Indus Valley.
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- Norelius, Per-Johan, 1988-
(författare)
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The Honey-Eating Birds and the Tree of Life : Notes on Ṛgveda 1.164.20-22
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Orientalia. - 0001-6438 .- 1600-0439. ; 77, s. 3-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The following article is an attempt at interpretation of the oft-discussed “riddle” of the birds (Ṛgveda 1.164.20-22). Recognizing that the riddle, as much of Vedic poetry, operates on several “levels” (cosmic, ritual, etc.) and may be meant to be answered in more than one way, the present approach sees the enigma as drawing on mythical and cosmological imagery current in early Vedic times; imagery that also finds expressions elsewhere in the Ṛgveda and later texts. Following the majority of earlier interpreters, I take the fig-tree on which the birds are perched to be the world-tree, and the “figs” or “honey” on which they feed to be soma or amŕ̥ta-. Following Hillebrandt and Kuiper, the two birds in 1.164.20 are interpreted as the sun and the moon. The image of one or more birds (suparṇá-) associated with the drink of immortality is traced through the Vedic literature; in some places it is possible to identify it as Soma (from late Ṛgvedic times equated to the moon). It is further suggested that both the bird and the world-tree are associated with the spring or receptacle of soma in heaven, which, following Witzel, is identified as the Seven Seers, the constellation Ursa Maior. The article is concluded by a discussion of the Vedic imagery of a world-tree and a drink of immortality, and its parallels in Indo-European and Eurasian myths and cosmologies.
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